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Data were collected at four sites along an elevational gradient in Yulong Snow Mountain, Southwest China. -- This data package contains data from the publication: Yan-Hui Zhao, Amparo Lázaro, Hai-Dong Li, Zhi-Bin Tao, Huan Liang, Wei Zhou, Zong-Xin Ren, Kun Xu, De-Zhu Li, Hong Wang (2021) Morphological trait matching in plant–Hymenoptera and plant–Diptera mutualisms across an elevational gradient. Journal of Animal Ecology. Details about the content of the package can be found in the README.txt file. The package contains three data files (each in *.csv format) that were used in the analyses of the above-mentioned publication., Morphological trait-matching and species abundance are thought to be the main factors affecting the frequency and strength of mutualistic interactions. However, the relative importance of trait-matching and species abundance in shaping species interactions across environmental gradients remains poorly understood, especially for plant–insect mutualisms involving generalist species. Here, we characterised variation in species and trait composition and the relative importance of trait-matching and species abundance in shaping plant–Hymenoptera and plant–Diptera mutualisms in four meadows across an elevational gradient (2,725–3,910 m) in Yulong Snow Mountain, Southwest China. We also evaluated the effects of morphological traits of flower visitors and plant composition on their foraging specialisation (d’ and normalised degree). There was a high degree of dissimilarity in the composition of Hymenoptera and Diptera visitors and their visited plants between communities. This variation was mainly driven by the spatial replacement of species. Both for plant–Hymenoptera and plant–Diptera networks, trait-matching between nectar tube depth and proboscis length was a stronger predictor of the interactions between temporally co-occurring plants and flower visitors than species abundance. Fourth-corner analyses revealed statistically significant trait-matching between nectar tube depth and proboscis length in plant–Hymenoptera networks at all sites, suggesting that Hymenoptera consistently foraged on plant species with nectar tube depths matching their proboscis lengths. By contrast, significant trait-matching in plant–Diptera networks was only observed at the two lower elevation sites. The species-level specialisation d’ of flower visitors increased significantly as the proboscis length and the difference in nectar tube depth between the plant community and the plants visited by flower visitors increased. Our results highlight that the importance of trait-matching in shaping pairwise interactions and niche partitioning depends on the specific features (e.g. species composition and trait availability) of the plant-pollinator system. For specialised plant-Hymenoptera systems, trait-matching is an important determinant of species interactions, whereas for generalist plant-Diptera systems, trait-matching is relatively unimportant., Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Award: XDB31000000, 1. 01-species_interactions.csv; 2. 02-plant_characteristics.csv; 3. 03-insect_characteristics.csv, Peer reviewed

Detailed experimental methods, including study of the enamine bond reversibility, proton NMR spectra for poly(MMA0.7-ran-AEMA0.3), size distribution of SCNPs with different cross-link degree, ATR-FTIR spectra of PMMA, AEMA, EDA, and poly(MMA0.7-ran-AEMA0.3) copolymer, ATR-FTIR absorbance of copolymer samples with different cross-link degree, dielectric results of the cross-linked copolymers, and full-scale GPC chromatograms., Peer reviewed

Additional details about sample fabrication, STM and AFM topography, auxiliary STS and s-SNOM data, experimental and theoretical methods, and derivations for models of the near-field data., Peer reviewed

1 figure., (A) Coupled reaction used to measure ITPase activity. HAM1 ITPase hydrolyses ITP in the presence of Mg+2 to produce IMP and pyrophosphate (PPi). IMP is then oxidized by inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) in the presence of NAD to produce XMP and NADH2, which is directly monitored in real time at 340 nm. The ITPase activity (U/ml) can be calculated as shown. (B) Cropped polyacrylamide gel stained with coomasie blue that illustrates the yield of MBP-HAM1 in elution fractions. The indicated MBP-HAM1 versions in fraction two, which had the higher protein concentration, are shown. (C) Kinetics of ITP hydrolysis, measured by the formation of NADH2 as indicated in (A), when 1 μl of a 1:10 dilution of the elution fractions shown in (B) were used in the reaction mix., Peer reviewed

Coefficients for the 2D lattice potential; Solving Schrodinger-Langevin equation; Ferroelectric state in quantum parametric phase; Second harmonic generation from TDDFT; Frequency of FES mode; Effect of shape of THz pulse; Effect of highly excited FES mode on other modes., Peer reviewed

Predicted genes corresponding to the four most common enzymes present in photosynthetic organisms: NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H+-translocating), N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase, DNA-directed RNA polymerase and non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase of 174 metagenomes sequenced during the Malaspina 2010 global expedition., Peer reviewed

(A) Representative pictures under white light of infected and non-treated N. benthamiana plants at 11 days post-inoculation. White bar = 4 cm. (B) Representative pictures under white light of upper non-inoculated leaves, at 40 days post-inoculation (dpi), of cassava plants inoculated with the indicated viruses. White arrows indicate the presence of leaf chlorosis induced by UCBSV in cassava. White bar = 4 cm. (C) Representative pictures under white light of stems, at 90 dpi, of cassava plants inoculated with the indicated viruses. Black arrows indicate the presence of brown streaks induced by UCBSV in cassava. (D) Chromatograms of Sanger sequencing results of the DNA fragment of interest amplified by RT-PCR. RNA samples deriving from upper non-inoculated leaves of the indicated cassava plant inoculated with UCBSV-HAM1N35A were used as template. Leaves for RNA preparation were harvested at both 90 and 120 days post-infection (dpi). Coloured circles surround both the original and the naturally introduced mutation. (E) Cropped polyacrylamide gel stained with coomasie blue that shows that equivalent amounts of the indicated proteins were used for the experiment in Fig 4E. 1:20 dilutions (10, 20 and 40 nanograms, correspondingly) were used for the measurement of ITPase activity., Peer reviewed

This supplementary material includes a discussion of the real space spin configurations obtained from the classical Monte Carlo simulations, the full trajectory of Luttinger–Tisza wavevectors within the first Brillouin zone upon variation of ϕ, and details on the pf-FRG implementation., Peer reviewed

See the supplementary material for the reaction energies and barriers of the Menshutkin reaction and proton transfer reaction, energy contribution breakdown, and optimized structures., Peer reviewed

1 figure., Representative pictures of infected and non-treated N. benthamiana plants taken at 12 days post-inoculation. Bar = 4 cm. This image complements the information shown in Fig 6., Peer reviewed