BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Soil fauna play a key role in nutrient cycling and decomposition, and in recent years researchers have become more and more interested in this compartment of terrestrial ecosystems. In addition, soil fauna can act as ecosystem engineers by creating, modifying and maintaining the habitat for other organisms. Ecologists usually utilize alive catches in pitfalls traps as a standard method to study the activity of epigeic fauna in addition to relative abundance. Counts in pitfall traps can be used as estimates of relative activity to compare among experimental treatments. This requires taking independent estimates of abundance (e.g.: by sifting soil litter, mark-recapture), which can then be used as covariates in linear models to compare the levels of fauna activity (trap catches) among treatments. However, many studies show that the use of pitfall traps is not the most adequate method to estimate soil fauna relative abundances, and these concerns may be extensible to estimating activity. Here, we present two new types of traps devised to study activity in litter fauna, and which we call “cul-de-sac” and “basket traps” respectively. We experimentally show that, at least for litter dwellers, these new traps are more appropriate to estimate fauna activity than pitfall traps because: 1) Pitfall traps contain 3.5x more humidity than the surrounding environment, potentially attracting animals towards them when environmental conditions are relatively dry, 2) cul-de-sac and basket traps catch ca. 4x more both meso- and macrofauna than pitfall traps, suggesting that pitfall traps are underestimating activity; and 3) pitfall traps show a bias towards collecting 1.5x higher amounts of predators, which suggests that predation rates are higher within pitfall traps. We end with a protocol and recommendations for how to use these new traps in ecological experiments and surveys aiming at estimating soil arthropod activity., This work was funded by grants CGL2010-18602 and CGL2015-66192-R from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (European funds FEDER), 020/2008 Spanish Organismo Autónomo de Parques Nacionales and P12-RNM-1521 from Junta de Andalucía (European funds FEDER), Peer reviewed

In this dataset, artificial weekly periods are created dividing each month into four periods (days: 1-8; 9-15; 16-22; 23-end). There are 4 files in Netcdf format: 1) ETo.nc containing weekly reference evapotranspiration estimations; 2) ETo_var.nc containing uncertainty estimation of weekly reference evapotranspiration estimations; 3) ETo_Ae.nc containing estimations of the aerodynamic component of weekly reference evapotranspiration and 4) ETo_Ra.nc containing estimations of the radiative component of weekly reference evapotranspiration., SPanish reference evapotranspiration (SPETo) is a weekly gridded reference evapotranspiration dataset for Continental Spain and Balearic Islands, at 1.1 km of spatial resolution, covering the 1961-2014 period. Reference evapotranspiration was calculated using Penman-Monteith FAO-56 method using gridded data of maximum temperature, minimum temperature, dewpoint temperature, wind speed and sunshine duration., This work was supported by research projects CGL2014-52135-C03-01, CGL2014-52135-C03-02 and CGL2014-52135-C03-03 financed by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), There are 4 files in Netcdf format: 1) ETo.nc containing weekly reference evapotranspiration estimations; 2) ETo_var.nc containing uncertainty estimation of weekly reference evapotranspiration estimations; 3) ETo_Ae.nc containing estimations of the aerodynamic component of weekly reference evapotranspiration and 4) ETo_Ra.nc containing estimations of the radiative component of weekly reference evapotranspiration., No

Nestlings of most avian species produce faecal sacs, which facilitate the removal of nestlings’ excrements by parents, thereby reducing proliferation of potentially pathogenic microorganisms and/or detectability by predators and parasites. The nest microbial environment that birds experience during early life might also affect their development and thus, faecal sacs facilitating parental removal may be a strategy to decrease bacterial contamination of nests that could harm developing nestlings. Here, we tested this hypothesis by experimentally broken faecal sacs and spreading them in nests of spotless starlings (Sturnus unicolor), thereby avoiding their removal by adults. In accordance with the hypothesis, experimental nests harboured higher bacterial density than control nests. Nestlings in experimental nests were of smaller size (tarsus length) and experienced lower probability of survival (predation) than those in control nests. Moreover, nestlings in experimental nests tended to suffer more from ectoparasites than those in control nests. We discuss the possible pivotal role of bacteria producing chemical volatiles that ectoparasites and predators might use to find avian nests, and that could explain our experimental results in starlings, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and European (FEDER) funds (CGL2013-48193-C3-1-P, CGL2017-83103-P), Peer reviewed

Genome assembly of the Anopheles fontenillei genome based on the high coverage sequencing of a single individual of this species. The raw reads for this assembly can be found in SRA under accession number SRX5100439., No

Data used in the study correspond to two datasets.-- Last update has been done in February 2019., [Flux_data.xls] Fluxes of PM in rain, throughfall and stemflow for two tree species (Quercus pubescens Willd. and Pinus sylvestris L.) from June 2015 to June 2016. In this file, no available data is indicated as “NA”. Data structure: • Date: Date of the sample collection • Rain flux: Particulate matter flux in rain (in mg m-2). • Th_Oak_flux: Particulate matter flux in throughfall for Quercus pubescens Willd. (in mg m-2). • Th_Pine_flux: Particulate matter flux in throughfall for Pinus sylvestris L. (in mg m-2). • Sf_Oak_flux: Particulate matter flux in stemflow for Quercus pubescens Willd. (in mg m-2). • Sf_Pine_flux: Particulate matter flux in stemflow for Pinus sylvestris L. (in mg m-2). • Rainfall: Accumulated rainfall between sampling days (in mm). • Origin: Air trajectory coming from: East, West or South. Calculated through 5-day backward trajectories using the HYSPLIT model (Rolph et al., 2017; Stein et al., 2015)., [Filters_data.xlsx] Results from the examination of filters of rainfall, throughfall and stemflow for both species and for 7 events. Data comes from a Zeiss LSM 510 Meta-5 Live Duo confocal microscope and a post processing made with ImageJ. The confocal microscopy analyses have been conducted at the BioImaging Centre at the University of Delaware. Data structure: Area: Area of particles (μm2). Perim.: Perimeter, length of the outside boundary of the particle (μm). Major: Primary axis of the best fitting ellipse (μm). Minor: Secondary axis of the best fitting ellipse (μm). Angle: Angle between the primary axis and a line parallel to the X-axis of the image (º). Circ.: Circularity 4π·([Area])/〖[Perimeter]〗^2 with a value of 1.0 indicating a perfect circle. As the value approaches 0.0, it indicates an increasingly elongated shape. Feret: Feret diameter, the longest distance between any two points along the selection boundary, also known as maximum caliper (μm). FeretAngle: The angle (0 - -180 degrees) of the Feret’s diameter (º). MinFeret: The minimum caliper diameter (μm). AR: Aspect ratio, the aspect ratio of the particle’s fitted ellipse, i.e., ([Major Axis])/([Minor Axis]) Round: Roundness, 4·([Area])/(π · 〖[Major axis]〗^2 ) or the inverse of Aspect Ratio. Solidity: ([Area])/([Convex Area]) Date: Date of the sampling. Type: Corresponding water flux. Rainfall (Rf), throughfall pines (Th_Pine), throughfall oaks (Th_Oak), stemflow pines (Sf_Pine) and stemflow oaks (Sf_Oak)., Particulate matter fluxes in a Mediterranean mountain forest: inter-specific differences between throughfall and stemflow in oak and pine stands. This project analyses the redistribution of water and particulate matter (PM) below forested areas in the Vallcebre research catchments during rainfall events. Data to analyse PM fluxes and diameter and shape distribution of PM has been produced by: Carles Cayuela, Delphis F. Levia, Jérôme Latron and Pilar Llorens., This research was supported by the projects TransHyMed (CGL2016-75957-R AEI/FEDER, UE) and MASCC-DYNAMITE (PCIN-2017-061/AEI) funded by the ‘‘Agencia Estatal de Investigación”. C. Cayuela was the beneficiary of a pre-doctoral FPI grant (BES-2014-070609) and a pre-doctoral mobility grant (EEBB-I-16-11510)., No

This data set includes 9 years (2009-2017) of data on the number of red-necked nightjars (Caprimulgus ruficollis) encountered along a 24-km road network crossing a protected area of the Doñana Natural Park (Spain) 37°7′N, 6°33′ W. Nightjar counts were carried out on a weekly basis from the time of arrival from spring migration (early April) until autumn departure to their wintering quarters (late October). These counts began 1–2 h after sunset from fixed starting points by driving a vehicle at a constant speed of 30 km/h until the full 24-km route was completed. Meteorological information from the two nearest meteorological stations, located 17 km and 6 km from the study site, is also included in this data set., Peer reviewed

Many studies addressing the use of nest materials by animals have focused on only one factor to explain its function. However, the consideration of more than one factor could explain the apparently maladaptive choice of nest materials that makes the nests conspicuous to predators. Here, we tested experimentally whether there is a trade-off in the use of nest materials between the risks of egg predation and overheating when the eggs are not attended by adults in the ground-nesting Kentish plover, Charadrius alexandrinus. For this, we added into nests materials differing in their thermal properties and coloration, thus affecting rates of egg heating and camouflage. Before manipulations, adults had selected light materials that matched worse egg coloration than the microhabitat, likely to buffer the risk of egg overheating. However, the adults did not keep the lightest experimental materials, probably because camouflage worsened. In all nests, adults removed most of the experimental materials independently of their properties, so that egg camouflage returned to the original values within a week of the experimental treatments. Although the thermal environment may affect the choice of nest materials by the plovers, at our study sites it was not likely too stressful as to determine the acceptance of the lightest experimental materials., Peer reviewed

This is an dataset accompaning the paper "The influence of cover crops and tillage on water and sediment yield, and on nutrient, and organic matter losses in an olive orchard on a sandy loam soil". Soil & Tillage Research 106 (1): 137-144. It contains three files with: a) The plot layout. b) The bimonthly runoff, sediment and nutrient losses in runoff and sediment. c) The soil moisture data, The support of the ProTerra project, funded by Syngenta Ltd, is gratefully acknowledged. The contribution of the Junta de Andalucía research project AGR2349 is also acknowledged., Peer reviewed

Complementary material, containing the raw data used in the Table and Figure included in this article., Peer reviewed

The dataset is freely available on the web repository of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). There are 12 files in NetCDF format: 3 with maximum temperature estimations and 3 minimum temperatures. Each of 3 files represent peninsular Spain (_pen), Balearic islands (_bal) and Canary islands (_can). Same files exist for the uncertainty estimates., Spanish TEmperature At Daily scale (STEAD) is a new daily gridded maximum and minimum temperature dataset for Spain. It covers the whole territory of peninsular Spain and Balearic and Canary Islands at a 5x5 kilometre spatial resolution. Daily temperature was estimated for each point of the grid from 1901-01-01 to 2014-12-31 in peninsular Spain and from 1971-01-01 to 2014-12-31 in the Balearic and Canary Islands. The grid was built using a previously reconstructed station-based dataset. The observed temperature information comprised more than 5,000 stations provided by Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET) and Ministry of Agriculture and Environment (MAGRAMA)., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO): CGL2015-69985-R and CGL2017-83866-C3-3-R, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades: FJCI-2017-31595, No