BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

The dataset includes surface air temperature at 2 m (SAT) and subsurface temperature (soilTs) yearly information for a Past2k (0-1850) simulation extended to the historical period (1850-2014) and SSP585 climate change scenario (2015-2100, P2k+) conducted with a modified version of the CMIP6 low-resolution Earth System Model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, the MPI-ESM1.2-LR (Mauritsen et al., 2019). MPI-ESM1.2 comprises the ocean model MPIOM1.6 and the atmosphere model ECHAM6.3 (Stevens et al., 2013). The latter is directly coupled to the Land Surface Model JSBACH3.2 (Reick et al., 2021) through the surface exchange of mass, momentum, and heat. The low-resolution configuration (MPI-ESM1.2-LR) has an atmospheric horizontal resolution truncated to T63, corresponding approximately to a 200-km grid cell size. This resolution is shared by the LSM. The standard shallow 5-layer vertical discretization of JSBACH3.2 (bottom boundary ca. 10 m) is modified to a much deeper 12-layer configuration (bottom boundary ca. 1400 m), following González-Rouco et al. (2021). Additionally to the SAT and soilTs data, the land mask, and the global gridded maps of soil volumetric heat capacity (soilhcap) and diffusivity (soilhdiff) used by JSBACH are included., We thank the Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum (DKRZ) for the resources granted by its Scientific Steering Committee (WLA) to run MPI-ESM1.2-LR P2k+ deep simulation under project ID bm1026 (PI: Johann Jungclaus)., Peer reviewed

This zenodo repository contains the code for the version 1.0 of a one-dimensional heat Conduction Forward Model (ConForMv1.0), along with an example of application. This model numerically resolves the Fourier's one-dimensional Partial Differential Equation: dT/dt=k d^2T/dz^2 where T represents the temperature at a specific depth z and time step t, and k denotes the thermal diffusivity. The numerical solution is derived by a Finite Time Centered Space finite difference scheme, consisting of an explicit Euler scheme for time resolution and a second-order central difference for the spatial dimension (Roache, 1998). The resulting numerical solution of the heat conduction equation can be expressed as: T_{i}^{n+1} = T_{i}^{n} + k Dt (T_{i-1}^{n}-2 T_{i}^{n}+ T_{i+1}^{n})/(\Dz^2) with T_{i}^{n} representing the temperature value at soil level i during time step n, and Dt the time step increment. The model produces the subsurface vertical temperature structure at each time step, employing a thermal equilibrium boundary condition at the ground surface, i.e., T[z=0]=T_0, and a flux boundary condition at the bottom, i.e., T'[z=z_max]=C. This C might be 0 or a constant value, which could represent the geothermal gradient. To ensure the stability of the numerical scheme, governed by the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition (Courant et al., 1928), a constant time step of 1 day and a soil layer thickness of 1 m was employed. To compile the model on your local PC, download the Fortran 90 code "ConForMv1-0.f90" and compile it using gfortran. To do that, you need to have Fortran installed on your PC. Once compiled, you can start running with it. A folder named "EXAMPLE" was included so to provide the user with an example input time serie (in NetCDF), and illustrate the usage and output of ConForMv1.0. For that purpose, a Shell script is also attached as a guidance for the user to obtain the desired output result. If you use the code, kindly cite the following publications: García-Pereira, F. et al. (2023): "First comprehensive assessment of industrial era land heat uptake from multiple sources". Submitted to Earth System Dynamics. Steinert, N. J. et al. (2023): "Underestimated land heat uptake alters the global energy distribution in CMIP6 climate models". Submitted to Geophysical Research Letters. Please cite this repository as well. You may find the citation and DOI on the right sidebar., Peer reviewed

Non-indigenous seaweed species in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Macaronesia are critically reanalysed. > 19,000 distribution records revealed considerable variation in diversity of non-indigenous seaweed species in the study area. Non-indigenous seaweed species in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Macaronesia are critically reanalysed. > 19,000 distribution records revealed considerable variation in diversity of non-indigenous seaweed species in the study area., Effective monitoring of non-indigenous seaweeds and combatting their effects relies on a solid confirmation of the non-indigenous status of the respective species. We critically analysed the status of presumed non-indigenous seaweed species reported from the Mediterranean Sea, the Northeast Atlantic Ocean and Macaronesia, resulting in a list of 140 species whose non-indigenous nature is undisputed. For an additional 87 species it is unclear if they are native or non-indigenous (cryptogenic species) or their identity requires confirmation (data deficient species). We discuss the factors underlying both taxonomic and biogeographic uncertainties and outline recommendations to reduce uncertainty about the non-indigenous status of seaweeds. Our dataset consisted of over 19,000 distribution records, half of which can be attributed to only five species (Sargassum muticum, Bonnemaisonia hamifera, Asparagopsis armata, Caulerpa cylindracea and Colpomenia peregrina), while 56 species (40%) are recorded no more than once or twice. In addition, our analyses revealed considerable variation in the diversity of non-indigenous species between the geographic regions. The Eastern Mediterranean Sea is home to the largest fraction of non-indigenous seaweed species, the majority of which have a Red Sea or Indo-Pacific origin and have entered the Mediterranean Sea mostly via the Suez Canal. Non-indigenous seaweeds with native ranges situated in the Northwest Pacific make up a large fraction of the total in the Western Mediterranean Sea, Lusitania and Northern Europe, followed by non-indigenous species with a presumed Australasian origin. Uncertainty remains, however, regarding the native range of a substantial fraction of non-indigenous seaweeds in the study area. In so far as analyses of first detections can serve as a proxy for the introduction rate of non-indigenous seaweeds, these do not reveal a decrease in the introduction rate, indicating that the current measures and policies are insufficient to battle the introduction and spread of non-indigenous species in the study area., This work was supported by the European Marine Biological Resource Centre Belgium [GOH3817N]; European Marine Biological Resource Centre Belgium [I001621N]; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek [3F020119]; POR PUGLIA FESR-FSE 2014/2020 [Asse VI, Action 6.5]; RESTORESEAS [EU-BiodivERsA BiodivRestore-253]; Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution – Montpellier [ISEM 2023-173]; Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan [Mission 4, Component 2, ‘From research to business’: 1. NBFC, Investment 1.4, Project CN00000033]; IDEALG [ANR-10-BTBR-04; Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution – Montpellier Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution – Montpellier [ISEM 2023-173]., Peer reviewed

There are 7 data files: Atm_pres_all: containing the atmospheric pressure time series measured in the different meteorological stations used in the work. Each station contain its name and position in coordinates. All the time series have a temporal resolution of 1 min. The data have been obtained from BalearsMeteo (http://balearsmeteo.com/) and from SOCIB (https://www.socib.es/). ciutadella_SL_AtmPres: containing the sea level and atmospheric pressure records in Ciutadella from 2018 to 2021. All the time series have a temporal resolution of 1 min. The data have been provided by PortIB (https://www.portsib.es/ca/paginas/inici). ciutadella_SL_long: containing the sea level records in Ciutadella from 2014 to 2021. All the time series have a temporal resolution of 1 min. The data have been provided by PortIB (https://www.portsib.es/ca/paginas/inici). ciutadella_spectral_data: containing the sea level and atmospheric pressure power wavelet spectra in Ciutadella from 2018 to 2021. Computed from the data in ciutadella_SL_AtmPres. corr_rissagues_1min_allfreq_12h: containing the maximum lagged correlation matrices between the atmospheric pressure time series measured at the 12h surrounding each meteotsunami event in 2021. They have been computed from the data in Atm_pres_all. sepic_index_vars: containing the five ERA5 1-hour time series of the variables used to compute the meteotsunami index as described in Sepic, et al,. 2016. wind_ciutadella: containing the time series of the wind speed and direction provided by ERA5 reanalysis over Ciutadella during the period of study., Peer reviewed

Species identification in red algae poses significant challenges when relying solely on morphological characteristics. Consequently, the absence of molecular information often conceals misidentifications, cryptic diversity and introduced cryptic species. Within the genus Lophocladia, species have traditionally been delineated based on subtle morphological traits. Lophocladia trichoclados and Lophocladia lallemandii have been extensively documented in warm and temperate coastal regions, with the latter recognized as an invasive species in the Mediterranean. However, the molecular relationship between these species remains unexplored. To address this gap, a comprehensive taxonomic reevaluation of Lophocladia was conducted in the NE Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea. Through combined molecular and morphological analyses of 75 specimens, two distinct taxa of Lophocladia were identified within the study area. Sequences of the rbcL plastid gene unequivocally demonstrated that L. lallemandii and L. trichoclados are conspecific. Consequently, we propose the synonymization of L. lallemandii with L. trichoclados, which has nomenclatural priority. We report L. kuetzingii, a potentially introduced species from Australia, for the first time in the Macaronesian region of the North Atlantic. This finding underscores the importance of expanding red algal DNA datasets, as such efforts significantly enhance our ability to detect and discern introduced species. Additionally, this research highlights the existence of taxonomic uncertainties surrounding introduced species, even among those already classified as invasive., Molecular tools reveal the synonymy of Lophocladia lallemandii with L. trichoclados. L. trichoclados is a widely distributed species in the Atlantic, Mediterranean and Red Sea. L. kuetzingii is detected as a cryptic introduced species in the Macaronesian region. Molecular tools reveal the synonymy of Lophocladia lallemandii with L. trichoclados. L. trichoclados is a widely distributed species in the Atlantic, Mediterranean and Red Sea. L. kuetzingii is detected as a cryptic introduced species in the Macaronesian region., Financial support has been provided by Spanish Ministry Project ANIMA [No. CGL2016-76341-R, MINECO/FEDER, UE] and FoRestA, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [Grant/Award No. PID2020-112985GB-I00]. This work was also supported by a FPI grant [project ANIMA, BES-2017-079907] to RG. AV, RG and EC are members of the MedRecover Research Group [www.medrecover.org; 2017 SGR 1521]. Pilar Díaz-Tapia received support from Xunta de Galicia [‘Axudas de apoio á etapa de formación posdoutoral’ [grant ED481D/2017/011]. This research was partially supported by the Croatian Science Foundation projects MAUD [IP-2018-01-9849] and Benthic NIS [IP-2019-04-6702]., Peer reviewed

[EN] Data on the historical and recent location of colonies and nests of the bee-eater, Merops apiaster, within the Doñana Natural Area., [ES] Datos sobre la ubicación histórica y actual de nidos y colonias de abejarucos, Merops apiaster, en el Espacio Natural de Doñana., [EN] This dataset includes the data collected during the nest censuses of bee-eaters, Merops apiaster, carried out during the 2006, 2011 and 2022 surveys within the Doñana Natural Area. It also includes data extracted from the collection of historical Field notebooks of Doñana between 1970-1999., [ES] Este dataset incluye los datos recogidos durante los censos de nidos de abejarucos llevados a cabo dentro del Espacio Natural de Doñana, en los años 2006, 2011, 2022. También incluye un atabla con los datos de colonias históricas extraídos de los Cuadernos de Campo de Doñana, entre los años 1970-1999., The fieldwork of the present study has been funded by the Andalusian Ministry of Environment of the Regional Government of Andalusia (Project 2008X0963) and SEO/Birdlife (2016 Grants for Early-Career Researchers). Land-Rover España S.A. kindly lent a vehicle. ICTS-Doñana provided logistic support for the fieldwork and access to the Field notebooks of Doñana’s ornithologists. MASC has been supported by the Jaime González Gordon Foundation (2022 Grants for MSc theses in Doñana), MD by the JAE-PRE fellowship by CSIC, the Juan de la Cierva Incorporación Program (IJC2019-039662-I) by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, and the project “Plan Complementario de I+D+i en el área de Biodiversidad (PCBIO)” funded by the European Union within the framework of the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan - NextGenerationEU and by the Regional Government of Andalusia., Peer reviewed

Understanding the impact of maternal provisions and temperature on lizard behaviour, Peer reviewed

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a critical role in the immune response against pathogens. Its high polymorphism is thought to be mainly the consequence of host-pathogen co-evolution, but elucidating the mechanism(s) driving MHC evolution remains challenging for natural populations. We investigated the diversity of MHC class II genes in a wild population of pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca, and tested its associations with two key components of individual fitness: lifetime reproductive success and survival. Among 180 breeding adults in our study population, we found 182 unique MHC class II exon 2 alleles. The alleles showed a strong signal of positive selection and grouped into 9 functional supertypes based on physicochemical properties at the inferred antigen-binding sites. Three supertypes were found in > 98% of the sampled individuals, indicating that they are nearly fixed in the population. We found no rare supertypes in the population, as all supertypes were present in >70% of individuals. Three supertypes were related to different components of individual fitness: two were associated with lower offspring production over time, while the third was positively associated with survival. Overall, the substantial allelic and functional diversity and the relationship between specific supertypes and fitness is in accordance with the notion that balancing selection maintains MHC class II diversity in the study population, possibly with fluctuating selection as the underlying mechanism. The absence of rare supertypes in the population suggests that the balancing selection is not driven by rare-allele advantage., Comunidad de Madrid : 2022-T1_AMB-24025, Beca Atracción de Talento de la Comunidad de Madrid; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Agencia Estatal de Investigación : PID2022-141763NA-I00, Proyectos de Generación de Conocimiento, Peer reviewed

You can cite all versions by using the DOI 10.5281/zenodo.10149018., Ocean warming and acidification, decreases in dissolved oxygen concentrations, and changes in primary production are causing an unprecedented global redistribution of marine life. The identification of underlying ecological processes underpinning marine species turnover, particularly the prevalence of tropicalization over deborealization, has been recently debated in the context of ocean warming. Here, we track changes in the mean thermal affinity of marine communities across European seas by calculating the Community Temperature Index for 65 biodiversity time series collected over four decades and containing 1,817 species from different communities (zooplankton, coastal benthos, pelagic and demersal invertebrates and fish). We show most communities and sites have clearly responded to ongoing ocean warming via abundance increases of warm-water species (tropicalization; 54%) and decreases of cold-water species (deborealization; 18%). Tropicalization dominated Atlantic sites compared to semi-enclosed basins such as the Mediterranean and Baltic Seas, probably due to physical barrier constraints to connectivity and species colonization. Semi-enclosed basins appeared to be particularly vulnerable to ocean warming, experiencing the fastest rates of warming and biodiversity loss through deborealization., This study has been supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 869300 (FutureMARES project) (G.C., E.V., J.F-S., M.P., M.Lin., C.D., D.G-G., G.R., L.B., C.R., M.C., F.R., G.R., P.B., M.P., M.Lep., J.L., A.B., N.M., J.G., F.B., L.B.C, A.Q., F.V., A.I., and I.U.), and by the Urban Klima 2050 -- LIFE 18 IPC 000001 project, which has been received funding from European Union's LIFE programme (G.C., E.V., L.I., A.B., A.U., and M.R.). Additional financial support was obtained from the Basque Government (PIBA2020-1-0028 & IT1723-22). We thank the NOAA Climate Prediction Center for providing Sea Temperature data through the NCEP Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS) www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/GODAS. We also thank Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) for providing global occurrences of the biological group studied here. Data from the Basque Country were obtained from the Basque Water Agency (URA) monitoring network, through a Convention with AZTI. M.C., J.G., D.G.-G. and F.R. acknowledge the 'Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence' accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). Authors M.H. and M.Lin. are grateful for the support from ICES Working Group on Comparative Ecosystem-based Analyses of Atlantic and Mediterranean marine systems (WGCOMEDA) for this research. This paper is contribution nº xxxx from AZTI, Marine Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), With funding form the Spanish government through the "Severa Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S)., Peer reviewed

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