BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

[Description of methods used for collection/generation of data] The protocol was approved by the Experimental Animal Committee of the Complutense University of Madrid and Community of Madrid (PROEX. 224.0/21). Young (n 40) (8 weeks old) ICR-CD1 female (H) and male (M) mice were housed (five per cage and separated by sex) and distributed into control (C) and experimental (CGN) groups (10 per group and sex). Mice received orally 540 mg/kg/day of κ-carrageenan resuspended in 200 μL of PBS for 15 days in the experimental groups and PBS the controls. Faecal material were collected from each mouse before (T0) and after (T2) two weeks of treatment. About 200 mg of stools were washed with 0.9% peptone water, centrifuged (10,000 ×g, 10 min) and the pellet used for genomic DNA purification. DNA was extracted using the EZNA Stool DNA Kit (Omega Bio-Tek) and quantified using the NanoDrop 1000 UV/VIS Spectrophotometer (Thermo Fisher). DNA samples were analyzed by amplicon-based metagenomic sequencing of the 16S rDNA V3-V4 region, performed by Novogen (Cambridge, UK), on an Illumina platform to generate 250 bp paired-end reads. [Dictionaries/codebooks used] The first letter of the sample code corresponds to whether the mice are female (H) or male (M). The second letter refers to whether they are carrageenan-fed mice (CGN) or control mice (C). Then, T0 or T2 is added depending on whether they are samples collected before or at the end of the treatment, respectively. J1 or J2 refers to the cage number, and the last number refers to the identification number of each mouse in each group., The objective of this study was to test the effects of CGN consumption on the gut microbiota and the intestinal homeostasis of male and female young mice. Female and male ICR-CD1 mice (8 weeks old) received orally 540 mg/kg/day of CGN. Fecal material was analyzed to describe changes in the fecal microbiota, based on the analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) amplicon sequences. Non-significant microbiota taxonomical changes associated to CGN intake were obtained in the mice stools, resulting the housing time in an increase of bacterial groups belonging to the Bacteroidota phylum. The PICRUSt2 functional predictions based on 16S rDNA amplicons showed an overall increase in functional clusters of orthologous genes (COG) involved in carbohydrate transport and metabolism. A significant increase in citotoxicity of fecal supernatants was observed in CGN-fed mice., MCIN/ AEI /10.13039/501100011033 (project reference: PID2019- 382 106071RB-I00)., Peer reviewed

Additional file 1. Baseline characteristics of patients., National Natural Science Foundation of China West China Hospital, Sichuan University Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program Sichuan University, Peer reviewed

Methodology for loss calculation; schematic demonstrating the experimental workflow; UV–vis–NIR and TEM measurements for AuNR growth under different experimental conditions; diverse experimental conditions for successful AuNR growth; and residual, SHAP, and partial dependence plots using ML., Peer reviewed

(A) FMDV 3B-3Dpol complex showing the primer peptide in green bound to active site cleft of the polymerase in yellow [20](PDB id. 2F8E), the CVB3 3B-3Dpol complex, showing 3B bound to the back side of the polymerase (in slate) [10] (PDB id. 3CDW) and the EV71 3B-3Dpol complex bound to the base of the polymerase palm (in sand) [11] (PDB id. IKA4). (B) Schematic drawing of the FMDV genome., Peer reviewed

IGPS active site model components and protonation states; visual comparisons of each model side by side with the Active conformation; evaluation of the level of theory; summary of this work in relation to previous studies; NBO calculation details and extended data; ALMO-EDA of fGln213 calculation details and data; absolute energies from geometry optimizations and single point corrections for all evaluated structures; visual representations of optimized geometries and relevant atomic distances of each evaluated transition state; structural comparisons with PLP synthase and CPS; and xyz coordinates of all evaluated geometries., Peer reviewed

Peer reviewed

This dataset contains resting-state functional MRI data used in the study "Non-invasive modulation of human corticostriatal activity" (Caballero-Insaurriaga et al, PNAS, 2023). In this study two datasets were used: one from a transcranial static-magnetic-field stimulation (tSMS) experiment (tSMS20) and another one from the Human Connectome Project (HCP100). The tSMS20 dataset was originally acquired for a previous study tSMS over the Supplementary Motor Area (Pineda-Pardo et al, Commun Biol, 2019). The regions used in the study are also provided. As for the tSMS20 dataset, the stimulation protocol consisted of 30-minute tSMS using a single magnet placed over the supplementary motor area (SMA). Each subject underwent two stimulation sessions (real and sham) in two separate days, whose order was randomized. In each session, structural MRI was acquired before tSMS, and resting-state fMRI before and after. Structural images were T1-weighted (T1w), with 1 mm isotropic voxel. Functional data was acquired in 10 minutes-long sessions, TR/TE 2400/30 ms (250 volumes per session), with 3mm isotropic voxel. The preprocessed resting-state fMRI data are included in this repository (see dataset_description.txt file and Pineda-Pardo et al, Commun Biol, 2019 for more details) As for the HCP100 dataset, only the subject list is included, as data are already publicly available from the HCP initiative., Peer reviewed

SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES: Table S1. Samples of Eumedonia eumedon used in this study. The host plant of the population where the specimen was collected is indicated. The number of loci and percentage of missing data refers to the raw contamination-free data set.-- Table S2. Adult records of Eumedonia eumedon from the Cantabrian Mountains.-- Table S3. Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) sequences used in this study., SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES: Figure S1. Bayesian inference chronogram based on the COI barcode region with node posterior probabilities > 0.70 indicated. The X-axis indicates time in million years and the bars show the 95% HPD range for the posterior distribution of node ages. Larval host plant species are indicated in the labels when they were determined for those particular populations. Erodiumfeeding individuals are shadowed in grey.-- Figure S2. Minor clusters obtained with STRUCTURE (59,807 SNPs).-- Figure S3. STRUCTURE results (16,561 unlinked SNPs) represented as bars (K=2-6).-- Figure S4. STRUCTURE results (1,898 unlinked SNPs, maximum missing data 50%) represented as bars (K=2-6).-- Figure S5. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results (1,898 unlinked SNPs, maximum missing data 50%).-- Figure S6. dXY (a; 19,610 loci), dA (b; 19,610 loci) and FST (c; 2,427 SNPs) values between populations.-- Figure S7. Results of the multiple regression on distance matrices (MRM) for the space/environment model and plots of the lineal regression between the butterfly genetic distances vs. environmental distances (left) and between the butterfly genetic distances vs. geographic distances (right). A binary parameter, sharing (0) or not (1) host plant genus, was selected as environmental distances. In (a) we used samples from the Cantabrian Mountains and FST (249 SNPs) between populations (grouped by locality) as butterfly genetic distances, while in (b) we used all the European samples with available host plant information and dXY (19,610 loci) between individuals as butterfly genetic distances., It is widely accepted that the relationship between phytophagous insects and their host plants influences insect diversification. However, studies addressed at documenting host-associated genetic differentiation (HAD) and the mechanisms that drive reproductive isolation in host-associated lineages (or host races) are still scarce relative to insect diversity. To uncover further evidence on the HAD processes in Lepidoptera, we investigated the genetic structure of the geranium argus butterfly (Eumedonia eumedon) and tested for isolation by ecology (IBE) vs. isolation by distance (IBD). Genomic data revealed an array of host races (three of them in the same mountain range, the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Iberia) at apparently distinct levels of reproductive isolation. We found a pattern of IBE mediated by HAD at both local and European scales, in which genetic differentiation between populations and individuals correlated significantly with the taxonomic relatedness of the host plants. IBD was significant only when considered at the wider European scale. We hypothesize that, locally, HAD between Geranium-feeding populations was caused (at least partially) by allochrony, that is via adaptation of adult flight time to the flowering period of each host plant species. Nevertheless, the potential reproductive isolation between populations using Erodium and populations using Geranium cannot be explained by allochrony or IBD, and other mechanisms are expected to be at play., European Regional Development Fund. Grant Number: CGL2016-76322-P; Generalitat de Catalunya. Grant Number: 2017-SGR-991; Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital, Gobierno de España. Grant Number: BES-2017-080641; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Grant Number: PID2019-107078GB-I00; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Peer reviewed

Loci and SNPs alignments used., Peer reviewed

Supplementary Material 1, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; Wellcome Trust, Peer reviewed