Resultados de investigación

Peer reviewed

Peer reviewed

Peer reviewed

Cylindrical pellets 13 mm in diameter and ca. 2 mm thick were obtained by compacting, under uniaxial pressure of 65 MPa, of commercial powder of EDAB (Boron Specialties, 97% purity). The pellets were prepared and conserved under a static Ar atmosphere before and after the tests. X-ray diffraction (Cu Kα radiation, θ/2θ configuration, 10° - 60° 2θ range) was used to analyze the pellet structure. Thermal gravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS) under argon flow (heating rate: 10°C/min) was used to evaluate thermal stability and the composition of emitted gases. During the isothermal test the required temperature was attained at a heating rate 10 ºC/min and then maintained constant for 90-380 min depending on the temperature. The ion currents were measured in the range of mass-to-charge ratios from 1 to 90. Micro-Raman confocal spectrometry (incident laser: 532 nm, power: 5.6 mW) and FTIR microscopy was used to analyze the chemical structure of mechanically affected zones compared to pristine areas. It was conducted under normal atmosphere. In-plane thermal conductivity of EDAB pellets was determined using van der Pauw method. Nanoindentation with a Berkovich diamond tip (load: 5-20 mN, peak load hold time: 120 s, loading/unloading rates: 4-40 mN/min, 10 measurements for each load) was used to characterize mechanical properties. Tribochemical reactions under vacuum were studied in real time using Mechanically Stimulated Gas Emission Mass Spectrometry (MSGE-MS) which was described in detail elsewhere. This technique combines a mass-spectrometry, a nearly zero-emission ultrahigh vacuum friction cell and a dynamic gas expansion system. The latter allows for accurate quantification of emitted gas rates with the detection limit around 1 pmol/s. The tribostimulation of the pellets was done using an alumina ball, 3 mm in diameter, under normal load 0.44-1.1 N and the frequency of reciprocating motion 1 full cycle (forward and backward strokes) per second. The additional arrangements which were made to avoid undesirable gas emission sources other than triboemission from mechanically affected zones of the sample are described in ESI. The tribostimulated gas emission was determined from the mass-spectrometry signal and benchmarked against the steady background gas pressure with the indenter standing still. The Differential Mass-Spectra (DMS) were derived by subtracting the reference spectrum from the mass-spectra measured during tribostimulation. A separate experiment to investigate possible chemical changes in the EDAB under applied mechanical deformation was conducted using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). For this experiment about 0.5 g of EDAB powder was grounded in a porcelain mortar just prior to the NMR analysis. A portion of the ground EDAB was analyzed using solid state Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) 1H and 11B NMR, while the other one was analyzed using 1H and 11B solution RMN using deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d6) as a solvent., Datasets of mass-spectrometry signals were obtained in the experiments with non-thermal dehydrogenation of ethane 1,2-diamineborane through the application of mechanical energy. This study investigates whether the tribochemical approach can also be effective to release hydrogen from molecular hydrides such as ethane 1,2-diamineborane (EDAB). Surprisingly, despite dehydrogenating at a lower temperature than metal and complex hydrides, EDAB exhibited faint hydrogen release under mechanical stress. To understand this behavior, the tribochemical decomposition pathways of EDAB were investigated using operando Mechanically Stimulated Gas Emission Mass Spectrometry in combination with other surface and material characterization techniques. The lack of hydrogen emission from EDAB is attributed to a combination of strong intramolecular bonds (covalent and dative bonds) within the molecule, and weak intermolecular interactions (hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces) between EDAB molecules., This study was co-funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain (grants PID2019-111063RB-I00, PID2020-112770RB-C22, PID2020-117573GB-I00, RTI2018-099794-B-I00, and TED2021-129950B-I00)., 1.Dataset of mass-spectrometry time series of mechanically stimulated gas emission from ethane 1,2 dimineborane pellets under vacuum.-- 2. Dataset of Thermal Gravimetry – Mass-Spectrometry (TGA-MS) analysis of ethane 1,2 diamineborane.-- 3. Dataset of X-ray diffraction of ethane 1,2-diamineborane.-- 4. Dataset of micro-FTIR spectra of pristine and mechanically activated surfaces of pellets of ethane 1,2-diamineborane.-- 5. Dataset of Raman spectra measured on the surfaces of pellets of ethane 1,2-diamineborane.-- 6. Dataset of microindentation of pellets of ethane 1,2-diamineborane.-- 7. Dataset of friction force time-series measured during reciprocating rubbing of pellets of ethane 1,2-diamineborane under vacuum.-- 8. Dataset of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (RMN EDAB) solid and liquid., No

Supplementary tables: Table S1: Material. Table S2: List of experiments. Table S3: Flowering time without vernalization in controlled greenhouse conditions. Table S4: Proportion of plants flowering in the first year in common garden experiments in the field and without vernalization in greenhouse experiments. Table S5: Proportion of plants flowering in the second year in common garden experiments in the field and after vernalization treatment in greenhouse experiments. Table S6: Habitat characteristics of 12 natural populations from Spain, Scandinavia and the French Alps. Table S7: Proportion of wild plants showing extended duration of flowering in-situ. Table S8: Reproductive success and vegetative growth of natural Spanish accessions and the pep1 mutant in the common garden experiment at Angliru, Spain (experiment ID 6, Table S2)., Flowering phenology is important in the adaptation of many plants to their local environment, but its adaptive value has not been extensively studied in herbaceous perennials. We used Arabis alpina as a model system to determine the importance of flowering phenology to fitness of an herbaceous perennial with a wide geographical range. Individual plants representative of local genetic diversity (accessions) were collected across Europe, including in Spain, the Alps and Scandinavia. The flowering behaviour of these accessions was documented in controlled conditions, in common-garden experiments at native sites and in situ in natural populations. Accessions from the Alps and Scandinavia varied in whether they required exposure to cold (vernalization) to induce flowering, and in the timing and duration of flowering. By contrast, all Spanish accessions obligately required vernalization and had a short duration of flowering. Using experimental gardens at native sites, we show that an obligate requirement for vernalization increases survival in Spain. Based on our analyses of genetic diversity and flowering behaviour across Europe, we propose that in the model herbaceous perennial A. alpina, an obligate requirement for vernalization, which is correlated with short duration of flowering, is favoured by selection in Spain where the plants experience a long growing season., Peer reviewed

Dataset of the scientific article: Experimental manipulation of nest temperature and relative humidity reduces ectoparasites and affects body condition of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus)., Peer reviewed

Compressed Folder content: Figure 1, Figure 2, Supplementary Figure 1, Supplementary Figure 2, Supplementary Figure 3, N/A, Grant PID2021-125858OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ‘ERDF A way of making Europe’. Juan de la Cierva Incorporación grant (IJC2020-042749-I) funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, “ERDF A way of making Europe” and ‘NextGenerationEU’/PRTR’. Predoctoral grant (ACIF/2021/364) funded by Conselleria d’Educació (Generalitat Valenciana, Comunitat Valenciana, Spain)., Figure 1.--Figure 2.--Supplementary Figure 1.--Supplementary Figure 2.--Supplementary Figure 3, Peer reviewed

[Motivation] Indicator values are numerical values used to characterize the ecological niches of species and to estimate their occurrence along gradients. Indicator values on climatic and edaphic niches of plant species have received considerable attention in ecological research, whereas data on the optimal positioning of species along disturbance gradients are less developed. Here, we present a new data set of disturbance indicator values identifying optima along gradients of natural and anthropogenic disturbance for 6382 vascular plant species based on the analysis of 736,366 European vegetation plots and using expert-based characterization of disturbance regimes in 236 habitat types. The indicator values presented here are crucial for integrating disturbance niche optima into large-scale vegetation analyses and macroecological studies., [Main types of variables contained] We set up five main continuous indicator values for European vascular plants: disturbance severity, disturbance frequency, mowing frequency, grazing pressure and soil disturbance. The first two indicators are provided separately for the whole community and for the herb layer. We calculated the values as the average of expert-based estimates of disturbance values in all habitat types where a species occurs, weighted by the number of plots in which the species occurs within a given habitat type., [Spatial location and grain] Europe. Vegetation plots ranging in size from 1 to 1000 m2., [Time period and grain] Vegetation plots mostly sampled between 1956 and 2013 (= 5th and 95th quantiles of the sampling year, respectively)., [Major taxa and level of measurement] Species-level indicator values for vascular plants., [Software format] csv file., Peer reviewed

Supplementary Figure S1 Overview of experimental design: live trapping (left panel), housing conditions and length (middle panel) and respiromentry set-up (right panel). Supplementary Table S2: Overview of sampling effort per sampling period. Supplementary Table S3: Overview of predictors included in the full model. Supplementary Figure S4 Diagnostic plot with fitted values versus residuals created from the full model. Supplementary Figure S5 Data points from all measurement days per individual for diurnal (green dots) and nocturnal (grey dots) mass specific metabolic rate (VO2 ml h-1 g-1) at measured ambient temperatures (diurnal range 8 – 29°C, nocturnal range 8 – 25°C). Supplementary Figure S6 Two examples of the raw data output from the urban individuals Sam (A) and Kim (B). Difference in oxygen content of the animal air/reference air in mV are plotted over time. The measurement curve includes hourly reference air checks as well as periods where the animals left their nest boxes (usually around sunrise to forage). In these cases, the data points generated from the animal rapidly dropped to the level of reference air checks (ambient air). These timespans were discarded prior to analysis. Day and night are shown by the white or black bars and correspond to local civil twilight data. Higher nocturnal values were already detectable within these raw data outputs (indicated by an average higher distance to the reference air checks). Double checking these outputs was part of our steps to validate the data and the unexpected outcome of a higher nocturnal RMR., Peer reviewed

Data regarding the MNP surface temperature estimation, magnetic measurements, and qPCR data for the HSP expression., Peer reviewed