Resultados de investigación

Background: Consumption of a Mediterranean diet, adequate levels of physical activity, and energy-restricted lifestyle interventions have been individually associated with improvements in HDL functions. Evidence of intensive interventions with calorie restriction and physical activity is, however, scarce. Objectives: To determine whether an intensive lifestyle intervention with an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity enhanced HDL function compared to a non-hypocaloric Mediterranean eating pattern without physical activity. Methods: In 391 older adults with metabolic syndrome (mean age, 65 years; mean BMI, 33.3 kg/m2) from 1 of the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea-Plus trial centers, we evaluated the impact of a 6-month intervention with an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity (intensive lifestyle; n = 190) relative to a nonrestrictive Mediterranean diet without physical activity (control; n = 201) on a set of HDL functional traits. These included cholesterol efflux capacity, HDL oxidative/inflammatory index, HDL oxidation, and levels of complement component 3, serum amyloid A, sphingosine-1-phosphate, triglycerides, and apolipoproteins A-I, A-IV, C-III, and E in apoB-depleted plasma. Results: The intensive-lifestyle intervention participants displayed greater 6-month weight reductions (-3.83 kg; 95% CI: -4.57 to -3.09 kg) but no changes in HDL cholesterol compared with control-diet participants. Regarding HDL functional traits, the intensive lifestyle decreased triglyceride levels (-0.15 mg/g protein; 95% CI: -0.29 to -0.014 mg/g protein) and apoC-III (-0.11 mg/g protein; 95% CI: -0.18 to -0.026 mg/g protein) compared to the control diet, with weight loss being the essential mediator (proportions of mediation were 77.4% and 72.1% for triglycerides and apoC-III levels in HDL, respectively). Conclusions: In older adults with metabolic syndrome, an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity improved the HDL triglyceride metabolism compared with a nonrestrictive Mediterranean diet without physical activity. This trial is registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870., This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant numbers: CB06/03/0028, CD17/00122, IFI16/00012, PI15/00047, PI18/00020, and P19/00017), Fundació La Marató de TV3 (grant number: 201512.31), Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (grant number: 2017 BP 00021, 2017 SGR 222, SLT002/16/00088), and the European Regional Development Fund., Sí

Recent years have seen great advances in the use of clinical ultrasound imaging in both hospital emergency departments and out-of-hospital settings. However, all new techniques require up-to-date definitions of competencies relevant to the clinical realities of different specialties and the geographic settings in which specialists work. To that end, a group of experts in clinical ultrasound reviewed the evidence available in the literature and strictly applied the Delphi method to define the competencies relevant to emergency physicians. The group worked with the starting premise that clinical ultrasound imaging should be a common competency across the specialty., En los últimos años se han producido grandes avances en el uso de la ecografía clínica tanto en los servicios de urgencias hospitalarios como en el ámbito extrahospitalario. Sin embargo, toda nueva técnica requiere de definiciones actualizadas de competencias relevantes para las realidades clínicas de las diferentes especialidades y los entornos geográficos en los que trabajan los especialistas. Para ello, un grupo de expertos en ecografía clínica revisó la evidencia disponible en la literatura y aplicó estrictamente el método Delphi para definir las competencias relevantes para los médicos de urgencias. El grupo trabajó con la premisa de partida de que la ecografía clínica debería ser una competencia común para toda la especialidad., Yes

Exercise therapy is the first-line treatment in rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP), and diverse types of exercise seem effective. However, it is not still clear if painful exercise should be allowed or avoided during exercises. The objective of this study was to investigate if exercise into pain is more effective than no pain in RCRSP. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a physiotherapy clinic in Belgium. Forty-three participants with chronic RCRSP were randomly allocated to G1 (exercising into pain) or G2 (exercising without pain) in a 12-week intervention with 6-month follow-up. Primary outcome was the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI); secondary outcomes were pain intensity, fear-avoidance beliefs, fear of pain, quality of life, strength, and range of motion. Outcomes were measured at baseline (T0), after 9 weeks (T1), 12 weeks (T2), and 6 months (T3) from the first session and analysed with linear mixed models. No between-group difference in SPADI (time-by-group interaction, p = 0.25) up to 6 months was found, with mean difference (G1-G2) at T1 = 5.78 (CI95%: -3.43,14.59; p = 0.33), at T2 = 0.93 (CI95%: -7.20,9.05; p = 0.82), at T3 = 4.15 (CI95%: -2.61,10.92; p = 0.33). No between-group differences were found for any other outcomes. Pain provocation seems not to be necessary in RCRSP for achieving successful treatment effect in pain and disability reduction, fear-related beliefs, and quality of life up to 6 months. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04553289., Si

Background: Low-cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) after cardiac surgery secondary to systemic hypoperfusion is associated with a higher incidence of renal and neurological damage. A range of effective therapies are available for LCOS. The beneficial systemic effects of levosimendan persist even after cardiac output is restored, which suggests an independent cardioprotective effect. Methods: A double-blind clinical trial was conducted in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of LCOS randomized into two treatment groups (levosimendan vs. dobutamine). Monitoring of hemodynamic (cardiac index, systolic volume index, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, central venous saturation); biochemical (e.g. creatinine, S100B protein, NT-proBNP, troponin I); and renal parameters was performed using acute kidney injury scale (AKI scale) and renal and brain ultrasound measurements [vascular resistance index (VRI)] at diagnosis and during the first 48 h. Results: Significant differences were observed between groups in terms of cardiac index, systolic volume index, NT-proBNP, and kidney injury stage at diagnosis. In the levosimendan group, there were significant variations in AKI stage after 24 and 48 h. No significant differences were observed in the other parameters studied. Conclusion: Levosimendan showed a beneficial effect on renal function in LCOS patients after cardiac surgery that was independent from cardiac output and vascular tone. This effect is probably achieved by pharmacological postconditioning., LG is supported by the Miguel Servet program from the ISCIII (Spain) (“Miguel Servet II” program, CPII18/00030) and Nicolas Monardes program from the Consejería de Salud de Andalucía (Spain) (C-0028-2018). CS is supported by a grant from the ISCIII (Spain) (“PFIS” program, FI16/00241). CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) is an ISCIII project (Spain)., Sí

Objectives: The use of intraosseous (IO) access is recommended in cardiac arrest when peripheral venous access is not accessible. Various methodologies exist that are used for teaching and learning about cannulation of the IO route both in education and in research. The purpose of the present study was to compare self-efficacy in the cannulation technique for IO access through different techniques. Methods: A randomized comparative study was conducted. A total of 118 nursing students participated. The participants were randomly distributed into 2 intervention groups: chicken bone and egg. A checklist was used for data collection to evaluate the IO cannulation technique in nursing students and another to analyze self-efficacy. Results: The average total score of self-efficacy for all participants was 8.84 (standard deviation (SD) = 0.98). No statistically significant differences were found when comparing the total self-efficacy score and the intervention group ( U = 1604.500; z = -0.733; P = 0.463). No statistically significant differences were found between both groups for the average total score of the procedure ( U = 6916.500; z = -0.939; P = 0.348). The egg group carried out the IO cannulation procedure in a significantly less amount of time (M = 126.88, SD = 82.18) than the chicken bone group (M = 183.77, SD = 108.28), finding statistically significant differences ( U = 4983.500; z = -5.326; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Using an egg to teach and learn about IO access could be considered a methodology that is equally effective as using a chicken bone, with the advantage of achieving IO access in a lesser amount of time., Yes

Several studies have evaluated the effect of intragastric injection of botulinum toxin A to treat obesity, achieving mixed results. Our objective is to determine the effect of intragastric botulinum toxin A on weight loss, satiety, biomarkers, and quality of life of obese patients prior bariatric surgery. Methods: Design: single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in 52 obese patients on bariatric surgery waiting lists. Two-arm parallel: the treatment group was administered intragastric botulinum toxin A by endoscopy, whereas the control group was administered physiological saline solution. Weight loss was evaluated at weeks 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24, as well as changes in body composition, satiety (Visual analogue scale (VAS) and GCSI questionnaire), quality of life (GIQLI questionnaire), and biomarkers of satiety and appetite. Results: Weight loss at weeks 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 after the endoscopy, with respect to the basal visit, was 0.6 ± 2 kg, 0.4 ± 2.7 kg, 0.4 ± 3.1 kg, 0.2 ± 4.5 kg, and 0.6 ± 4.3 kg for the control group vs 1.9 ± 2.1 kg, 2 ± 2.6 kg, 2.8 ± 4.1 kg, 3.5 ± 5.3 kg, and 4.5 ± 7 kg for the treatment group, respectively, being differences between groups significant at all times (p = 0.016, 0.031, 0.014, 0.021, and 0.023, respectively). Treatment group patients obtained a significantly higher score for GIQLI questionnaire compared with baseline (104.4 ± 13.9 points vs 97.7 ± 15.6 points; p = 0.024), showing a significant improvement in the section of subjective physical capacity. No significant differences were found regarding perception of satiety, or biomarkers of satiety and appetite. Conclusions: Intragastric injection of botulinum toxin A is an effective and safe procedure to achieve a moderate weight loss and improve quality of life., Yes

Desarrollo tecnológico para determinar de forma cuantitativa, durante el tratamiento alcalino en NaOH (cocido) de aceitunas verdes al estilo sevillano, el porcentaje de penetración de la sosa en la pulpa y predecir el momento óptimo para finalizar el proceso. El sistema combina un protocolo de toma de muestras y acondicionamiento del fruto (corte, marcado con fenolftaleína y captura de imagen con iluminación constante) con algoritmos de visión artificial que calculan el porcentaje de cocido. A partir de la serie temporal de medidas, un interpolador estima el instante en el que se alcanzará un umbral objetivo (p.ej., 2/3 o 3/4 de penetración). Incluye además una aplicación web para gestión y trazabilidad del proceso (cloud computing) y evidencia de implantación industrial (TRL 9)., Estructura principal: - Cocido_aceitunas.docx: memoria descriptiva del desarrollo tecnológico (objetivo, descripción, impacto, evidencias). - Cocido Aceitunas.pptx: presentación técnica (metodología y resultados de ensayos). - Patente/3_ES-2394821_B2.pdf: patente antecedente (OEPM) ES-2394821 B2. - Contrato/CONTRATO.pdf: evidencia contractual FIUS–Pymesuma S.L. (23/07/2014) [contiene datos personales]. - Contrato/Contrato FIUS.txt: enlace a proyecto asociado (SISIUS idproy=26626). - README_*: ficheros de descripción para depósito en repositorio.

Post-translational modifications and naturally occurring mutations of cytochrome c have been recognized as a regulatory mechanism to control its biology. In this work, we investigate the effect of such in vivo chemical modifications of human cytochrome c on its redox properties in the adsorbed state onto an electrode. In particular, tyrosines 48 and 97 have been replaced by the non-canonical amino acid p-carboxymethyl-L-phenylalanine (pCMF), thus mimicking tyrosine phosphorylation. Additionally, tyrosine 48 has been replaced by a histidine producing the natural Y48H pathogenic mutant. Thermodynamics and kinetics of the interfacial electron transfer of wild-type cytochrome c and herein produced variants, adsorbed electrostatically under different local interfacial electric fields, were determined by means of variable temperature cyclic film voltammetry. It is shown that non-native cytochrome c variants immobilized under a low interfacial electric field display redox thermodynamics and kinetics similar to those of wild-type cytochrome c. However, upon increasing the strength of the electric field, the redox thermodynamics and kinetics of the modified proteins markedly differ from those of the wild-type species. The mutations promote stabilization of the oxidized form and a significant increase in the activation enthalpy values that can be ascribed to a subtle distortion of the heme cofactor and/or difference of the amino acid rearrangements rather than to a coarse protein structural change. Overall, these results point to a combined effect of the single point mutations at positions 48 and 97 and the strength of electrostatic binding on the regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial membrane activity, when acting as a redox shuttle protein., File name: Otras-figuras_Ms_BBA-Bioenergetics.docx Description: A Word file with the figure images File name: Raw_data.zip Description: .nox files with the raw data of voltammetry File name: Fig_2+3+6.jnb Description: A sigmaplot file with figures 2+3+6 File name: Fig_5.jnb Description: A sigmaplot file with figure 5

Surface reconstituted metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer appealing properties for electrocatalysis due to their unique structural and compositional advantages. In this work, a controlled potential-induced reconstruction of a two-dimensional cobalt metal-organic framework for boosting oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline media is reported. The current MOF is shown to undergo a partial structural transformation that generates a heterogeneous system, where the original MOF coexists with an oxyhydroxide phase. In fact, the potential-induced stabilization of Co(III) metal centers in the MOF is crucial for delaying its full degradation in alkaline media. This partial retention of the Co(III)MOF phase in the so-derived heterogeneous catalyst has been demonstrated to be decisive for boosting the alkaline electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), displaying superior OER activity in terms of both thermodynamic and kinetic merits compared to the benchmark IrO2 and RuO2 electrocatalysts and the prototypical cobalt (oxy)hydroxides, with a Tafel slope of 52 mV dec−1 and a turnover frequency (TOF) of 6.8 s−1 at 450 mV. Remarkably, the generated final product is stable, exhibiting high robustness and long durability for long-term OER electrolysis. This work provides new insight into the impact of the reconstruction of a MOF for alkaline OER under typical electrochemical conditions, which ultimately benefits the rational design of MOF-based catalysts with high electrocatalytic activity for oxidation reactions., File name: Otras-figuras_Ms_Catalysis-today.docx Description: A Word file with the figure images File name: Raw_data.zip Description: .nox files with the raw data of voltammetry File name: Fig_4.jnb Description: A sigmaplot file with figure 4. File name: Fig_5.jnb Description: A sigmaplot file with figure 5. File name: Fig_6.jnb Description: A sigmaplot file with figure 6. File name: Fig_7.jnb Description: A sigmaplot file with figure 7. File name: Fig_-2a,b.jnb Description: A sigmaplot file with figure 2.