Resultados totales (Incluyendo duplicados): 44426
Encontrada(s) 4443 página(s)
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282031
Dataset. 2021

ROMS-PISCES ORGANIC CARBON IN THE CANARY CURRENT SYSTEM

  • Santana-Falcón, Yeray
This dataset include outputs from a coupled physical-biogeochemical model (ROMS-PISCES) forced by climatological fields that has been used to examine the role of upwelling filaments in the offshore exchange of particulate (POC) and dissolved (DOC) organic carbon in the Canary Current eastern boundary upwelling system (CanC EBUS). The data consists on monthly climatological means of total organic carbon (direct sum of dissolved and particulate pools) generated by 7 years of simulation., European Commission (EC), grant/award no. 817578: Tropical and South Atlantic climate-based marine ecosystem predictions for sustainable management.-- European Commission (EC), grant/award no. 817806: Sustainable management of mesopelagic resources.-- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), grant/award no. CTM2015-69392-C3: Constraining organic carbon fluxes in an eastern boundary upwelling ecosystem (NW Africa): the role of non-sinking carbon in the context of the biological pump.-- Spanish National Research Council, grant/award no. CTM2007-66408-CO2-01: Shelf-ocean exchanges in the Canaries-Iberian large marine ecosystem, Peer reviewed

DOI: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282031, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.935720
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282031
HANDLE: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282031, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.935720
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282031
PMID: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282031, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.935720
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282031
Ver en: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282031, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.935720
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282031

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282046
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: GENETIC VARIATION BUT WEAK GENETIC COVARIATION BETWEEN PRE- AND POSTCOPULATORY EPISODES OF SEXUAL SELECTION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

  • Travers, Laura M.
  • García-González, Francisco
  • Simmons, Leigh W.
Pre- and postcopulatory trait measures Sheet 1: Data. Sheet 2: Variable descriptions Episodes sexsel_DRYADdata.xlsx, When females mate polyandrously, male reproductive success depends both on the male's ability to attain matings and his ability to outcompete rival males in the fertilization of ova post copulation. Increased investment in ejaculate components may trade-off with investment in precopulatory traits due to resource allocation. Alternatively, pre- and postcopulatory traits could be positively related if individuals can afford to invest heavily in traits advantageous at both episodes of selection. There is empirical evidence for both positive and negative associations between pre- and postcopulatory episodes, but little is known about the genetic basis of these correlations. In this study, we measured morphological, chemical, and behavioural precopulatory male traits and investigated their relationship with measures of male fitness (male mating success, remating inhibition and offensive sperm competitiveness) across 40 isofemale lines of Drosophila melanogaster. We found significant variation among isofemale lines, indicating a genetic basis for most of the traits investigated. However, we found weak evidence for genetic correlations between precopulatory traits and our indices of male fitness. Moreover, pre-and postcopulatory episodes of selection were uncorrelated, suggesting selection may act independently at the different episodes to maximise male reproductive success., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282050
Dataset. 2021

DATA ON THE EFFECTIVENESS DISPERSAL OF SYNZOOCHOROUS DISPERSERS

  • Gómez, José María
[Methods] Data collected from the literature. Dataset is a compilation of published studies. Effectiveness components were converted to common currencies. QTC is the proportion of seeds dispersed by a given type of disperser during a given dispersal period. QLC is the proportion of dispersed seeds that were cached, either by scatter hoarding or larder hoarding. Information on taxonomy of the two partners, Country where the studies were performed and some traits of both plants and animals is also included., Mutualism effectiveness, the contribution of an interacting organism to its partner’s fitness, is defined as the number of immediate outcomes of the interactions (Quantity component) multiplied by the probability that an immediate outcome results in a new individual (Quality component). These components form a two-dimensional effectiveness landscape with each species’ location determined by its values of quantity (x-axis) and quality (y-axis). The current dataset includes information on the effectiveness of synzoochorous seed dispersal across the world. This might allow any user to make their own landscapes for the entire set of species or for specific subset of species., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282052
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: ADDITIVE GENETIC VARIANCE IN POLYANDRY ENABLES ITS EVOLUTION, BUT POLYANDRY IS UNLIKELY TO EVOLVE THROUGH SEXY OR GOOD SPERM PROCESSES

  • Travers, Laura M.
  • Simmons, Leigh W.
  • García-González, Francisco
Female mating frequency, P2 and Egg-adult Viability data Sheet 1: Female lifetime mating frequency, Sheet 2: Description of variables contained in Sheet 1. Sheet 3: Focal male P2 and egg-to adult viability data, Sheet 4: Description of variables contained in Sheet 3. sexy-good sperm.xlsx, Polyandry is widespread despite its costs. The sexually selected sperm hypotheses (‘sexy’ and ‘good’ sperm) posit that sperm competition plays a role in the evolution of polyandry. Two poorly studied assumptions of these hypotheses are the presence of additive genetic variance in polyandry and sperm competitiveness. Using a quantitative genetic breeding design in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster, we first established the potential for polyandry to respond to selection. We then investigated whether polyandry can evolve through sexually selected sperm processes. We measured lifetime polyandry and offensive sperm competitiveness (P2) while controlling for sampling variance due to male x male x female interactions. We also measured additive genetic variance in egg-to-adult viability and controlled for its effect on P2 estimates. Female lifetime polyandry showed significant and substantial additive genetic variance and evolvability. In contrast, we found little genetic variance or evolvability in P2 or egg-to-adult viability. Additive genetic variance in polyandry highlights its potential to respond to selection. However, the low levels of genetic variance in sperm competitiveness suggest the evolution of polyandry may not be driven by sexy sperm or good sperm processes., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282056
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: CONDITION-DEPENDENT TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN SEXUAL TRAITS, BODY CONDITION AND IMMUNITY: THE EFFECT OF NOVEL HABITATS

  • Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider
  • Head, Megan L.
  • Jennions, Michael D.
  • Cabido, Carlos
Data for field experiment This is the field data for the manuscript “Condition-dependent trade-offs between sexual traits, body condition and immunity: the effect of novel habitats”. Data was collected by MIC and CC. All methods are described in the associated manuscript. Column headings are described in the excel spreadsheet. Field experiment.xlsx Data from mesocosm experiment This is the mesocosm data for the manuscript “Condition-dependent trade-offs between sexual traits, body condition and immunity: the effect of novel habitats” Data was collected by MIC and CC. All methods are described in the associated manuscript. Column headings are described in the excel spreadsheet. mesocosm experiment.xlsx, Background: The optimal allocation of resources to sexual signals and other life history traits is usually dependent on an individual's condition, while variation in the expression of sexual traits across environments depends on the combined effects of local adaptation, mean condition, and phenotypic responses to environment-specific cues that affect resource allocation. A clear contrast can often be drawn between natural habitats and novel habitats, such as forest plantations and urban areas. In some species, males seem to change their sexual signals in these novel environments, but why this occurs and how it affects signal reliability is still poorly understood. Results: The relative size of sexual traits and level of immune responses were significantly lower for male palmate newts Lissotriton helveticus caught in pine and eucalyptus plantations compared to those caught in native forests, but there was no habitat-dependent difference in body condition (n= 18 sites, 382 males). The reliability with which sexual traits signalled body condition and immune responses was the same in all three habitats. Finally, we conducted a mesocosm experiment in which males were maintained in pine, eucalypt or oak infused water for 21 days. Males in plantation-like water (pine or eucalypt) showed significantly lower immune responses but no change in body condition. This matches the pattern seen for field-caught males. Unlike field-caught males, however, there was no relationship between water type and relative sexual trait size. Conclusions: Pine and eucalyptus plantations are likely to be detrimental to male palmate newt because they are associated with reduced immune function and smaller sexual traits. This could be because ecological aspects of these novel habitats, such as high water turbidity or changes in male-male competition, drive selection for reduced investment into sexual traits. However, it is more probable that there are differences in the ease of acquisition, hence optimal allocation, of resources among habitats. Our mesocosm experiment also provides some evidence that water toxicity is a causal factor. Our findings offer insights into how plantations affect amphibian life histories, and how novel habitats might generate long-term selection for new resource allocation strategies in native species., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282057
Dataset. 2021

ECOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION, RATHER THAN THE ISLAND EFFECT, EXPLAINS MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSIFICATION IN AN ANCIENT RADIATION OF GECKOS [DATASET]

  • Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
  • Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
  • Menéndez, Iris
  • Carranza, Salvador
Island colonists are often assumed to experience higher levels of phenotypic diversification than continental taxa. However, empirical evidence shows that exceptions to this “island effect” do exist. Here, we tested this pattern using a thoroughly sampled continent-island system, the genus Pristurus, a group of sphaerodactylid geckos distributed across continental Arabia and Africa and the Socotra Archipelago. We used a recently published phylogeny and an extensive morphological dataset to explore whether Socotran and continental taxa differ in their dynamics of phenotypic evolution. Moreover, we used habitat data to examine if ecological specialisation is correlated with morphological change, reconstructing ancestral habitat occupancy and comparing phenotypic disparity and trait evolution between habitats. We found heterogeneity in the outcome of the colonisation of the Socotra Archipelago. Namely, only one of the three events of colonisation has resulted in an increase in body size. However, in general, Socotran species do not present higher levels or rates of morphological diversification than continental groups. Instead, habitat specialisation provides a more nuanced insight into body size and shape evolution in Pristurus. In particular, the colonisation of ground habitats appears as the main driver of morphological change, producing the highest disparity and evolutionary rates. Additionally, arboreal species show very constrained body size and head proportions, suggesting ecologically driven morphological convergence. Our results reveal a determinant role of ecological mechanisms in morphological evolution and corroborate the complexity of ecomorphological dynamics in continental-island systems., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282058
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: ACTIVE AND REACTIVE BEHAVIOUR IN HUMAN MOBILITY: THE INFLUENCE OF ATTRACTION POINTS ON PEDESTRIANS

  • Gutiérrez-Roig, Mario
  • Sagarra, Oleguer
  • Oltra, Aitana
  • Palmer, John R. B.
  • Bartumeus, Frederic
  • Díaz-Guilera, Albert
  • Perelló, Josep
BeePath2012, Human mobility is becoming an accessible field of study thanks to the progress and availability of tracking technologies as a common feature of smart phones. We describe an example of a scalable experiment exploiting these circumstances at a public, outdoor fair in Barcelona (Spain). Participants were tracked while wandering through an open space with activity stands attracting their attention. We develop a general modeling framework based on Langevin Dynamics, which allows us to test the influence of two distinct types of ingredients on mobility: reactive or context-dependent factors, modelled by means of a force field generated by attraction points in a given spatial configuration, and active or inherent factors, modelled from intrinsic movement patterns of the subjects. The additive and constructive framework model accounts for some observed features. Starting with the simplest model (purely random walkers) as a reference, we progressively introduce different ingredients such as persistence, memory, and perceptual landscape, aiming to untangle active and reactive contributions and quantify their respective relevance. The proposed approach may help in anticipating the spatial distribution of citizens in alternative scenarios and in improving the design of public events based on a facts-based approach., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282059
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: DECODING COLOURATION OF BEGGING TRAITS BY THE EXPERIMENTAL ADDITION OF THE APPETITE ENHANCER CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN MAGPIE (PICA PICA) NESTLINGS

  • Martín Gálvez, David
  • Soler, Juan José
Reflectance of mouth, rictal flange and body skin at the beginning of the treatment with cyproheptadine Spectral reflectance (300nm to 700nm) of three begging-related traits of magpie nestlings: mouth (gape or palate), rictal flange and body skin at the beginning of the treatment with cyproheptadine (nestlings 2–4 days old). Values are means obtained from three replicates and corrected by a triangular smoothing (i.e. a floating mean with weights within a distance of 10nm). Before_experimemt_reflectance_300_700nm.txt Reflectance of mouth, rictal flange and body skin at the end of the treatment with cyproheptadine Spectral reflectance (300nm to 700nm) of three begging-related traits of magpie nestlings: mouth (gape or palate), rictal flange and body skin at the end of the treatment with cyproheptadine (nestlings 10–12 days old). Values are means obtained from three replicates and corrected by a triangular smoothing (i.e. a floating mean with weights within a distance of 10nm). After_experimemt_reflectance_300_700nm.txt Irradiance inside 10 active magpie nests Irradiance measurements were performed in 10 active magpie nests between March and April of 2009, and between 09:00am and 11:00am in a magpie population in Guadix (Spain). It was done by placing the probe above the nest cup and pointing vertically toward the dome. Values are means per each nest from three replicates. Irradiance_inside_nests_300_700nm_moles_means.txt Nestling weights and colour measurements for the three begging-related traits before and after the treatment with cyproheptadine data_set_Martin-Galvez_and_Soler_2016.xlsx, The colouration of some traits in nestlings of altricial birds may influence parental food allocation as it may reflect physical condition or hunger. There is increasing evidence of the relationship between colouration of begging traits and nestling performance. However, evidence of the influence of hunger level on nestling colouration is scarce, mainly because of difficulty of distinguishing between the effects of physical condition and hunger levels. Here, we used the appetite stimulant cyproheptadine hydrochloride to increase the sensation of hunger of magpie (Pica pica) nestlings for eight days and assessed the effect on the colouration of rictal flanges, mouth and body skin. We found that nestlings administered with cyproheptadine had flanges more conspicuous (chromatic visual contrast), more UV coloured and less yellow coloured than their control nestmates. Conversely, mouths of experimental nestlings were more yellow coloured and less UV coloured than controls. Our pharmacological experiment affected the strength of the relationship between body mass and some colour components of body skin (chromatic and achromatic visual contrasts, UV–chroma and Yellow–chroma) and of rictal flanges (chromatic visual contrasts, UV–chroma and yellow–chroma), but not for mouth colouration. These results taken together suggest that the effect of the cyproheptadine on nestling colourations is probably mediated by an increase in hunger levels of nestlings for rictal flanges and body skin colourations, and by an increase in physical condition in the case of mouth coloration., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282066
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: ANCIENT DNA REVEALS DIFFERENCES IN BEHAVIOUR AND SOCIALITY BETWEEN BROWN BEARS AND EXTINCT CAVE BEARS

  • Fortes, Gloria G.
  • Grandal d'Anglade, Aurora
  • Kolbe, Ben
  • Fernandes, Daniel
  • Meleg, Ioana N.
  • García Vázquez, Ana
  • Pinto Llona, Ana Cristina
  • Constantin, Silviu
  • Torres Pérez-Hidalgo, Trinidad J. de
  • Ortiz, José E.
  • Frischauf, Christine
  • Rabeder, Gernot
  • Hofreiter, Michael
  • Barlow, Axel
Fortes_et_al_2016_mtDNA_alignment MtDNA sequence alignment used in Fortes et al. 2016 Mol Ecol. See README for further info., Ancient DNA studies have revolutionized the study of extinct species and populations, providing insights on phylogeny, phylogeography, admixture and demographic history. However, inferences on behaviour and sociality have been far less frequent. Here, we investigate the complete mitochondrial genomes of extinct Late Pleistocene cave bears and middle Holocene brown bears that each inhabited multiple geographically proximate caves in northern Spain. In cave bears, we find that, although most caves were occupied simultaneously, each cave almost exclusively contains a unique lineage of closely related haplotypes. This remarkable pattern suggests extreme fidelity to their birth site in cave bears, best described as homing behaviour, and that cave bears formed stable maternal social groups at least for hibernation. In contrast, brown bears do not show any strong association of mitochondrial lineage and cave, suggesting that these two closely related species differed in aspects of their behaviour and sociality. This difference is likely to have contributed to cave bear extinction, which occurred at a time in which competition for caves between bears and humans was likely intense and the ability to rapidly colonize new hibernation sites would have been crucial for the survival of a species so dependent on caves for hibernation as cave bears. Our study demonstrates the potential of ancient DNA to uncover patterns of behaviour and sociality in ancient species and populations, even those that went extinct many tens of thousands of years ago., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104
Dataset. 2021

DATA FROM: ECOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION, RATHER THAN THE ISLAND EFFECT, EXPLAINS MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSIFICATION IN AN ANCIENT RADIATION OF GECKOS

  • Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
  • Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
  • Menéndez, Iris
  • Carranza, Salvador
Island colonists are often assumed to experience higher levels of phenotypic diversification than continental taxa. However, empirical evidence shows that exceptions to this "island effect" do exist. Here, we tested this pattern using a thoroughly sampled continent-island system, the genus Pristurus, a group of sphaerodactylid geckos distributed across continental Arabia and Africa and the Socotra Archipelago. We used a recently published phylogeny and an extensive morphological dataset to explore whether Socotran and continental taxa differ in their dynamics of phenotypic evolution. Moreover, we used habitat data to examine if ecological specialisation is correlated with morphological change, reconstructing ancestral habitat occupancy and comparing phenotypic disparity and trait evolution between habitats. We found heterogeneity in the outcome of the colonisation of the Socotra Archipelago. Namely, only one of the three events of colonisation has resulted in an increase in body size. However, in general, Socotran species do not present higher levels or rates of morphological diversification than continental groups. Instead, habitat specialisation provides a more nuanced insight into body size and shape evolution in Pristurus. In particular, the colonisation of ground habitats appears as the main driver of morphological change, producing the highest disparity and evolutionary rates. Additionally, arboreal species show very constrained body size and head proportions, suggesting ecologically driven morphological convergence. Our results reveal a determinant role of ecological mechanisms in morphological evolution and corroborate the complexity of ecomorphological dynamics in continental-island systems., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //
DOI: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282104
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104
HANDLE: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282104
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104
PMID: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282104
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104
Ver en: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282104
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104

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