BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Figure S1. Morphological, magnetic and compositional analysis of the elaborated MNPs. (a) quasi-spherical shape and size of 21 ± 4 nm according to TEM images; (b) hysteresis loop showing saturation magnetization of 54 emu/g and 12 Oe of coercive field; and (c) EDS analysis showing Fe2.9Mn0.1O4 stoichiometry; Figure S2. Characterization of MSNs. (a) typical TEM image from elaborated MSNs; (b) size of 33.3 ± 4.2 nm; (c) FTIR spectrum; and (d) N2 adsorption isotherm for BET analysis; Figure S3. ATR-FTIR spectra of unloaded (black), curcumin-loaded (blue) and ketorolac-loaded (red) MSNs with the characteristic silica bands marked in black and two bands characteristic for ketorolac tromethamine at 2970 cm−1 and 2360 cm−1 marked in red. Most of the loaded drug is inside the pores and thus not visible in ATR-FTIR; Figure S4: Cumulative drug release of curcumin from MSNs at pH 7.4 and 5.5 and 37 °C. Curcumin shows a higher release at more acidic pH, with a maximum of 2.2% after 12 days; Figure S5: Cumulative drug release of ketorolac tromethamine from MSNs at pH 7.4 and 5.5 and 37 °C. Ketorolac showed a higher release at pH 7.4, up to 11.4% after 12 days, compared to 8.7% at pH 5.5; Figure S6. Contact angle measurement of CurPAN. With a contact angle of 143.6°, the curcumin-loaded fibers are very hydrophobic; Figure S7. Images from electrospun mats, (a) ENFs-KET, (b) ENFs-@MSNs-KET, (c) ENFs-CUR, (d) ENFs-@MSNs-CUR., Peer reviewed

X-ray data (Tables S1, S2 and S3); representation of zwitterionic en2ampy (Scheme S1); representation of the planar [Cu(en2ampy)]2+ unit (Figure S1); representations of the crystal packing of 1 and 2 (Figures S2–S5); [DNA]/(ϵa-ϵf) vs. [DNA] plot for 1 (Figure S6); UV-Vis spectra of 2 (Figure S7); [DNA]/(ϵa-ϵf) vs. [DNA] plot for 2 (Figure S8); Stern-Volmer plots for 1 (Figure S9); Competitive displacement assays for DNA-EB adducts for 2 (Figure S10); Stern-Volmer plots for 2 (Figure S11); Plot of relative viscosity for 2 (Figure S12); gel electrophoresis image for 2 (Figure S13); Percent cell viability versus complex concentration for 1 and 2 (Figure S14); IR and NMR spectra of en2ampy (Figures S15–S17); IR spectra of 1 and 2 (Figures S18 and S19., Peer reviewed

Throughout the family of coronaviruses, structured RNA elements within the 5′ region of the genome are highly conserved. The fifth stem-loop element from SARS-CoV-2 (5_SL5) represents an example of an RNA structural element, repeatedly occurring in coronaviruses. It contains a conserved, repetitive fold within its substructures SL5a and SL5b. We herein report the detailed characterization of the structure and dynamics of elements SL5a and SL5b that are located immediately upstream of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF1a/b start codon. Exploiting the unique ability of solution NMR methods, we show that the structures of both apical loops are modulated by structural differences in the remote parts located in their stem regions. We further integrated our high-resolution models of SL5a/b into the context of full-length 5_SL5 structures by combining different structural biology methods. Finally, we evaluated the impact of the two most common VoC mutations within 5_SL5 with respect to individual base-pair stability., Peer reviewed

S1 Fig. Ccr4 and Rnr4 help to tolerate MMS and HU sensitivity. The absence of Ccr4 and Rnr4 causes MMS and HU sensitivity as determined by ten-fold serial dilutions at the indicated concentrations. The experiment was repeated twice with similar results. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s001 (TIFF) S2 Fig. Characterization of the MCM/RNR interactions. (A) HU promotes MCM/RNR interactions, as determined by CoIP and western blot in asynchronous cultures treated with 0.2M HU for 2 hours. Untreated and treated cells with 0.025% MMS for 2 hours were included as control. (B) Mcm7 interacts with Rnr1, as determined by CoIP and western blot in asynchronous cultures of wild-type cells. This interaction is lost in the MCM-VC mutant. Asterisks represent unspecific bands. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s002 (TIFF) S3 Fig. Subcellular location and intensity of the Mcm4-VC/Rnr4-VN interaction. (A-C) BiFC analysis of the subcellular location and intensity of the Mcm4VC/Rnr4-VN interaction during the cell cycle in cells synchronized in G1 and released into fresh medium in the absence and presence of 0.025% MMS. (A) Representative images of dividing cells expressing Mcm4-VC and/or Rnr4-VN. (B) Intensity of the Mcm4VC/Rnr4-VN fluorescence signal in the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells grouped according to the bud-to-mother size ratio to compare similar stages of DNA replication with and without DNA damage. The Venus signal was calculated in equivalent areas of the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The SuperPlot shows the mean and SEM from three independent experiment (represented by color dots). (C) Intensity of the Mcm4-VC/Rnr4-VN fluorescence signal as determined by cell sorting analysis. Cells were grouped in G1, early and late S phase (eS and lS) and G2/M according to the presence and size of the bud. The amount of the MCM and Rnr2/Rnr4 complexes was followed by quantifying the GFP signal in cells expressing Mcm4-GFP and Rnr4-GFP under the same experimental conditions. The mean and SEM of 4–7 fluctuations tests are shown. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s003 (TIFF) S4 Fig. Supplementary information related to Fig 4. (A) The expression of Mcm4-VC or Rnr4-VN causes HU and MMS sensitivity as determined by ten-fold serial dilutions at the indicated concentrations (top panels). The MCM4-VC allele is recessive for HU and MMS sensitivity, as determined in cells transformed with a centromeric plasmid expressing Mcm4 from its own promoter (p316MCM4) or an empty vector (pRS316) (bottom panels). The experiments were repeated twice with similar results. (B) Levels of dNTPs in RNR4-VN and wild-type cells transformed or not with plasmid p314RNR4. The mean and SEM of four independent experiments are shown. (C-D) Frequency of petite formation in the indicated strains. The mean and SEM of 3 fluctuations tests are shown. (E) The HU sensitivity of the RNR4-VN mutant can be complemented with a Rnr4 expressing plasmid as determined by ten-fold serial dilutions at the indicated concentrations. The experiments were repeated twice with similar results. (F-G) Analysis of the MCM/RNR interactions in cells expressing Mcm4-VC and/or Rnr4-VN transformed with plasmid p314RNR4. Effect of tagging Mcm4 and Rnr4 with VC and VN, respectively, on the physical interactions between the MCM and RNR complexes in cells transformed with plasmid p314RNR4, as determined by CoIP and western blot in asynchronous cultures treated (F) or not (G) with 0.025% MMS for 2 hours. Asterisks indicate unspecific bands. Rnr4-VN* indicates a slow-migrating Rnr4-VN form. An over-exposition (OE) of the Rnr4 IP signals is shown in the bottom panel. CoIP analyses were performed twice with similar results. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s004 (TIFF) S5 Fig. The Mcm4-VC chimera leads to DNA damage accumulation. (A-B) Rad53 phosphorylation (A) and Sml1 levels (B) at asynchronous cultures of the indicated strains transformed with plasmid p314RNR4 in the absence of genotoxic agents. A wild-type culture incubated with 0.025% MMS for 1 hour was included as positive control. (C) Spontaneous accumulation of Rad52 foci at asynchronous cultures of the indicated strains transformed with plasmid p314RNR4. (D) Cell cycle progression of MCM-VC and wild-type strains synchronized in G1 and released into S phase, as determined by cell sorting analysis. (E) The MCM4-VC allele is recessive for the accumulation of spontaneous and HO-induced Rad52 foci, as determined in cells transformed with a centromeric plasmid expressing Mcm4 from its own promoter (p316MCM4) or an empty vector (pRS316). The kinetics of HO-induced Rad52 foci formation and resolution was performed as indicated in Fig 5B. (C, E) The mean and SEM of three independent experiments are shown. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences according to an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test (three asterisks represent a P-values <0.001). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s005 (TIFF) S6 Fig. Characterization of checkpoint and mutagenesis in MCM4-VC cells. (A) Checkpoint activation is proficient in MCM4-VC mutants. Checkpoint activation in MCM4-VC and RNR4-VN mutants, as determined by western blot against Rad53 in asynchronous cultures treated with 0.2M HU for 60 minutes. Cell cycle progression was determined by cell sorting analysis. The P-Rad53/Rad53 ratio was determined by dividing the upper bands signal (Rad53-P) by the lower band signal (Rad53). Experiments were performed with cells transformed with plasmid p314RNR4. (B) The MCM4-VC allele is recessive for hypermutagenesis, as determined in MCM4-VC and wild-type cells transformed with a centromeric plasmid expressing Mcm4 from its own promoter (p316MCM4) or an empty vector (pRS316). The frequency of mutagenesis was determined from colonies grown with 0.0075% MMS or 50mM HU. The mean and SEM of three independent experiments are shown. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences according to an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test (three asterisks represent a P-values <0.001). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s006 (TIFF) S7 Fig. dNTP levels in MCM4-VC and RNR4-VN mutants. (A) Levels of dNTPs in MCM4-VC and RNR4-VN mutants in the absence and presence of 0.05% MMS, as determined in mid-log phase asynchronous cultures of the indicated strains transformed with plasmid p314RNR4. The mean and SEM of four independent experiments are shown. Asterisks (relative to the wild type) and dots (between the indicated values) show statistically significant differences according to an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test (one, two and three asterisks represent P-values <0.05, <0.01 and <0.001, respectively). (B) The amount of Rnr3 is increased in MCM4-VC cells, as determined by western blot analysis from asynchronous cultures of MCM4-VC and wild-type cells. The amount of Rnr3 was normalized to the amount of Pgk1. The mean and SEM of three independent experiments are shown. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences according to an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test (two asterisks represent a P-values <0.01). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s007 (TIFF) S8 Fig. MMS-induced uSCE in the MCM4-VC mutant is independent of Rev1. The frequency of HR was determined from colonies grown in the presence of 0.0075% MMS. The mean and SEM of 4 fluctuations tests are shown. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s008 (TIFF) S9 Fig. Raw data for Figure panels. Original blots for the indicated figure panels are shown. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s009 (PDF) S1 Table. Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains used in this study. Strains, genotypes, references and Figures panels where they have been used are indicated. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s010 (DOCX) S2 Table. Oligonucleotydes used in this study. DNA sequences and Figures panels where they have been used are indicated. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s011 (DOCX) S3 Table. Raw data for Figure plots. Raw values to build graphs in the indicated Figure panels are shown. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1011148.s012 (XLSX), Peer reviewed

"Circular dichroism The differential transmittance measurements were carried out in a custom-made optical setup. A white-light tungsten halogen lamp (Ocean Optics, HL-2000-HP, FL, USA) is coupled to a silver reflective collimator (RC08SMA-P01, Thorlabs) and used as an excitation light source. The light beam is passed through a Glan-Thompson Calcite Polarizer (GTH10M, Thorlabs) and directed to a super achromatic quarter wave-plate (SAQWP05M-700, Thorlabs) oriented at ±π/4 compared to the polarization direction on a rotation mount (ELL14, Thorlabs) to obtain a circularly polarized light beam. The optical elements are automatically controlled by custom software (LabView NXG). The sample is positioned at the focal plane of a pair of 4x objectives (RMS4X, NA = 0.1, Olympus). Finally, the transmitted light is fiber-coupled to a spectrometer (Ocean Optics, QEPro-FL). Steady-state circularly polarized photoluminescence Chiral photoluminescence is characterized using the same optical elements as for the dichroic transmittance but reversed in order. First, the emitted chiral photoluminescence is directed to a quarter wave-plate (10RP52-1B, Newport) oriented at ±π/4 and then to a linear polarizer (20LP-VIS-B, Newport), filtering one of the circular components. The excitation source consisted of a 200ps pulsed laser source (LDH-P-C-405 laser driven with a PDL 800B driver with 5–80 MHz repetition rate)) with its wavelength peak at 405nm. In the case of the unpolarized excitation study, the light source used for excitation was an unpolarized LED centered at 405nm (M405L4, Thorlabs) coupled to a 4x (RMS4X, NA=0.1, Olympus) objective used to collimate the diverging emitted beam and refocused with an achromatic 50mm lens upon the metasurface. Time-resolved circularly polarized photoluminescence The optical set-up used for the time-resolved photoluminescence was PicoQuant Time Correlated Single Photon Counting system (Time Harp 260 PICO board, 25 ps temporal resolution; PMA Hybrid 40 detector, 250 ps response time; 405 nm LDH-P-C-405 laser driven with a PDL 800B driver with 5–80 MHz repetition rate) equipped with a compact monochromator (Solar Laser Systems). Photoluminescence lifetimes were retrieved using the PicoQuant FluoFit Pro software, and fitting the PL decay data accounting for instrument response function.", Peer reviewed

C-S-H and C-S-Ag-H gel solutions were analysed by UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy with a Shimadzu 3600 UV/Vis/NIR spectrometer equipped with 2H and Wlamps, a photomultiplier (UV/Vis), and a InGaAs and a PbS (NIR) detectors. The baseline reference sample was prepared with 1000 µL of MilliQ water. The samples were diluted 1:19 (50 μL of gel solution to 950 μL of of MilliQ water) and the measurements were recorded in the range of 190–850 nm, with slow scan speed. The sampling interval and the slit width were 0.5 nm and 1 nm, respectively. For the 29Si NMR analysis of dried C-S-H and C-S-Ag-H, a Bruker AV-400 (9.4 T and νR of 4 kHz) (Bruker, Germany) NMR spectrometer was used in the following conditions: pulse width of 7 μs and relaxation delay of 60 s with typically 3000 scans. The 29Si chemical shifts were determined relative to tetramethylsilane. The spectra were treated for band deconvolution into Gaussian peaks and fitted using Origin 2022 software. The micro-Raman spectra were carried out on pressed pellets of the samples with a Raman microscope Renishaw RM1000 (Renishaw, Wotton-under-Endge, UK) equipped with a Leica microscope and an electrically refrigerated CCD camera. Laser excitation line was provided by a He:Ne (633 nm wavelength, 25 mW output power with approximately 2 mW at the sample). The spectra were obtained using a 50× magnification objective, a spectral resolution of 4 cm−1, a 10 s exposure time, 5 accumulations, and 2mW laser power per spectra in the range of 2000–100 cm−1 in order to increase signal/noise ratio. The frequencies were calibrated with silicon at 520 cm−1. X-ray photoelectron (XP) and SERS spectra were taken on pressed C-S-Ag-H pellets before and after irradiation at 355 nm, and 532 nm (and of the reference C-S-H pellet). For the former technique, the analysis was performed under a base pressure lower than 7.5 · 10−9 Torr using a PHOIBOS-150 (Specs) electron analyzer, Mg Kα radiation and a constant pass energy of 100 eV and 20 eV for the wide and narrow scans, respectively. The pellets were fixed to the sample holder using double-sided conductive carbon tape to ensure a good conductivity and the X-ray gun was used at 100 W power in order to avoid any possible sample degradation induced by the X-ray irradiation. The binding energy scale was referenced to the main C 1s signal of the adventitious carbon contamination layer which was set at 284.8 eV. All the spectra were fitted using pseudo-Voigt lines (30 % Gaussian/70 % Lorentzian) and a Shirley-type background. For the SERS analysis, the same experimental conditions were used as for obtaining the Raman spectra using Rhodamine B as a probe molecule (an aliquot of 2 µl of a 5 × 10−6 M aqueous solution was dropped on the irradiated and on the non-irradiated silver-containing pellets). Additionally, different reference RhB spectra were acquired on hydroxylamine-reduced silver nanoparticles (NPs), 2 µl dropped on top of both C-S-H and C-S-Ag-H pellets for the comparison of the SERS activities. More details about samples preparation and irradiation conditions are available in Materials folder., Data life: 2024- (unlimited validity), This is the experimental dataset used in the paper Applied Surface Science, 662: 160107 (2024) (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.160107) in which a novel Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) sensor based on a nanostructured substrate, calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), the main hydration product of Portland cement, was synthetized. The procedure involves first the incorporation of silver within the nanostructure of the gel (C-S-Ag-H) and second the modification of the surface of pellets of the newly synthesized material by laser irradiation at 532 nm or 355 nm. This data set includes the results of the effect of silver on the gel structure via visible UV spectroscopy, micro-Raman and 29Si Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR). It also includes the characterization analyses of the C-S-Ag-H pellets by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the silver oxidation state and the assessment of their SERS activity before and after laser irradiation using for the latter Rhodamine B (RhB) as a probe., We acknowledge financial support from the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI) through projects PID2019-104124RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; PID2020-113900RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033; and PID2022-137017OB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; from European Union’s Horizon 2020 through IPERION HS (Integrated Platform for the European Research Infrastructure ON Heritage Science, GA 871034) project; and from the Community of Madrid through Maestro-Guijarro’s Youth Guarantee contract (CAM20_IQFR_AI_06)., Materials folder: “Sample_synthesis”; “Laser_irradiation_conditions” NMR folder: "NMR_readme"; "NMR_C-S-H"; "NMR_C-S-Ag-H" Raman folder: “Raman_readme"; "Raman_C-S-H"; "Raman_C-S-Ag-H"; "Raman_C-S-H_RhB"; "Raman_C-S-Ag-H_RhB" SERS folder: "SERS_readme"; "SERS_RhB_C-S-Ag-H_355"; "SERS_RhB_C-S-Ag-H_355_NPs"; "SERS_RhB_C-S-Ag-H_532"; "SERS_RhB_C-S-Ag-H_532_NPs"; "SERS_RhB_C-S-Ag-H_NPs"; "SERS_RhB_C-S-H_NPs" XPS folder: "XPS_readme"; "XPS_AgAuger_C-S-Ag-H_532"; "XPS_AgAuger_C-S-Ag-H_355"; "XPS_Ag3d_C-S-Ag-H_532"; "XPS_Ag3d_C-S-Ag-H_355"; "XPS_Ag3d_C-S-Ag-H"; "XPS_Ag3d_C-S-H"; "XPS_Ca2p_C-S-Ag-H_532"; "XPS_C1s_C-S-Ag-H_532"; "XPS_wide_C-S-Ag-H_532"; "XPS_wide_C-S-Ag-H_355"; "XPS_wide_C-S-Ag-H"; "XPS_wide_C-S-H" UV-Vis folder: "UV-VIS_readme"; "UV-VIS_C-S-H"; "UV-VIS_C-S-Ag-H", Peer reviewed

data_ASVtable.csv: this dataset was exported from QIIME2 v2020.6 and includes in the rows the ASVs ID and in the columns the samples's name. The values in the table indicate the abundance of each ASV per sample, as the number of counts. data_taxonomy.csv: contains the ASV ID in the rows and the taxonomic classification in the columns. Each ASV was taxonomically classified using the Silva 138 database and only bacterial sequences were considered. data_tree.tre: rooted phylogenetic tree of our sequences. data_Alpha_diversity.xlsx: this dataset contains metadata and values of alpha diversity indices (Chao1 index, Shannon's diversity, and Faith's phylogenetic diversity). To calculate these indices, we rarefied the ASV table 100 times to the minimum sampling depth (1,085). For each of the 100 rarefied ASV tables, we calculated the indices and then computed the mean value per sample. Description of the variables: tube: Sample names. chao1: Chao1 values for each sample. diversity_shannon: Shannon diversity index values for each sample. chao1_sd: Standard deviation of Chao1 values for each sample. diversity_shannon_sd: Standard deviation of Shannon diversity index values for each sample. PD: Faith's phylogenetic diversity values for each sample. PD_sd: Standard deviation of Faith's phylogenetic diversity values for each sample. species: Code identifying species: "YBHB" for Yellow-billed hornbills, "DH" for Damara hornbills, and "MH" for Monteiro's hornbills. nest: Nest name where each bird was breeding at the time of sampling. ring: Identification number for each bird. If the bird was not ringed, this field contains the nest name and chick identity (e.g., "C1" for the oldest chick, "C2" for the second oldest). individual: Specifies whether the sample is from a female or a chick. If more than one nestling was sampled per nest, additional information indicates whether the chick was the oldest (_1), second oldest (_2), or youngest (_3). individual_2019: Indicates female and chick samples without information on the age hierarchy of chicks when more than one was sampled per nest. sample: Body part or integument sampled. "Uropygial" refers to the uropygial gland surface, "billbase" and "billtop" refer to the base and top of the bill, "nape" refers to samples from nape feathers, "blackwing" to primary wing feathers, and "blacktail" and "whitetail" to black and white tail feathers, respectively ("white" and "black" indicate the primary color of the feathers). sample_2018: Integument sampled in 2018 without differentiation between specific bill or feather samples. Here, "bill" replaces "billtop" and "billbase," and "feathers" replaces "nape," "blackwing," "whitetail," or "blacktail." order_of_sampling: "first" indicates the bird's first sample; "second" indicates the second sample of the same bird (if sampled twice). number_samples: "one" indicates birds sampled only once; "two" indicates birds sampled twice. year: Year of sampling (2018, 2019, or 2020). date: Date of sampling. age: Age of the bird at the time of sampling. sharing_2019: "yes" if a female and yellow-billed hornbill nestlings shared a nest in 2019 or if more than one nestling was sampled per nest; "no" if only the female or only one nestling was sampled per nest. sharing_2020: "yes" if a female and yellow-billed hornbill nestlings shared a nest in 2020 or if more than one nestling was sampled per nest; "no" if only the female or only one nestling was sampled per nest. BRAYDist.xlsx: Bray-Curtis (relative abundance) distance matrix. JaccardDist.xlsx: Jaccard ((presence-absence) distance matrix. UNunifracDist.xlsx: unweighted UniFrac distance matrix. WEunifracDist.xlsx: weighted UniFrac distance matrix., Peer reviewed

There is an urgent need to improve conventional cancer-treatments by preventing detrimental side effects, cancer recurrence and metastases. Recent studies have shown that presence of senescent cells in tissues treated with chemo- or radiotherapy can be used to predict the effectiveness of cancer treatment. However, although the accumulation of senescent cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer, surprisingly little progress has been made in development of strategies for their detection in vivo. To address a lack of detection tools, we developed a biocompatible, injectable organic nanoprobe (NanoJagg), which is selectively taken up by senescent cells and accumulates in the lysosomes. The NanoJagg probe is obtained by self-assembly of indocyanine green (ICG) dimers using a scalable manufacturing process and characterized by a unique spectral signature suitable for both photoacoustic tomography (PAT) and fluorescence imaging. In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies all indicate that NanoJaggs are a clinically translatable probe for detection of senescence and their PAT signal makes them suitable for longitudinal monitoring of the senescence burden in solid tumors after chemotherapy or radiotherapy., Peer reviewed

[Description of methods used for generation of data] The study consists of the generation of a data model using geo-referenced information that allows an assessment of the spatial distribution of different indicators related to the renting of dwellings. This includes the analysis of rental prices, energy bills and income level. Data at the census precint scale are used. The methodology used starts with the search for available information in robust databases. The information is combined in order to carry out an in-depth analysis of the issues raised in the object of the study and the interactions among them. [Methods for processing the data] Basic statistical methods and vector data geospatial analysis operations have been used for data processing. [Relationship between files] FIRST DATASET: Results regarding energy and rent expenses pressure over the income level: an absolute value information is included for all census tracts for which rental price, energy efficiency, and household income data are available SECOND DATASET: Stressed areas indicators: Includes those census tracts from the previous files that exceed the average values for each city in rental price, and are below the average values for energy efficiency and household income., Autores: Martín-Consuegra, F., De Frutos, F., Alirangues, M., Alonso, C., & Frutos Vázquez, B.--Coordinación y revisión externa: Javier Tobías y Cecilia Foronda. ECODES.-- Colaboradores: Eloy Gutiérrez y Alba Ara - CECU.-- Informe encargado por: ECODES. Fundación Ecología y Desarrollo. Plaza de San Bruno 9 1º Oficinas. Zaragoza.-- Agradecimientos: European Climate Foundation, sin cuyo apoyo, la redacción de este informe no hubiera sido posible., [EN] The study presented here involves the development by the Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción Eduardo Torroja (IETcc), belonging to the Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), of a model on the energy performance of the rental housing stock through the analysis of three cities located in different climatic zones of Spain, with different heating and cooling needs (Santander, Madrid and Malaga). Existing databases published in open source are used to develop a tool to evaluate possible interactions between energy bills, housing rental costs and income level in households located in stressed residential market areas. As a result, the pressure of bills for the average dwelling (energy and rent price) on the average income of each census tract in the three cities analyzed is provided. The areas that exceed the mean values on the three indicators (rental price, energy bills and household income) are also detected and those that exceed the mean value for each of the three cities, increased by the standard deviation for each of the three indicators, are identified as critical areas. These results allow us to identify the stressed areas where housing expenditures exceed 30% of disposable income globally for the three cities. In addition, they provide a detailed analysis of the indicators in the stressed areas on a case-by-case approach for each of the three cities., [ES] El trabajo que se presenta supone el desarrollo por parte del Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción Eduardo Torroja (IETcc), perteneciente a la Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), de un modelo sobre el comportamiento energético del parque de viviendas en alquiler a través del análisis de tres ciudades situadas en diferentes zonas climáticas de España, con diferentes necesidades de calefacción y de refrigeración (Santander, Madrid y Málaga). Se utilizan bases de datos existentes publicadas en abierto para desarrollar una herramienta que permite evaluar posibles interacciones entre el coste de la energía, el coste del alquiler y el nivel de renta en los hogares situados en zonas de mercado residencial tensionado. Como resultado se ofrece la presión de las facturas para la vivienda media (energía y precio del alquiler) sobre la renta media de cada sección censal en las tres ciudades analizadas. También se detectan las áreas que superan los valores medios para cada uno de los indicadores (precio alquiler, facturas energéticas y renta del hogar) y se identifican como áreas críticas aquellas que superan el valor medio de cada una de las tres ciudades incrementadas con la desviación típica para cada uno de los tres indicadores. Estos resultados permiten identificar las áreas tensionadas donde los gastos de la vivienda superan el 30% de la renta disponible de manera global para las tres ciudades. Además, permiten el análisis pormenorizado de los indicadores en las áreas tensionadas de manera particularizada para cada una de las tres ciudades., “ECODES. Fundación Ecología y Desarrollo” funded the study https://ecodes.org/, FIRST DATASET: Pressure of bills on income level: Santander_presion.shp, Madrid_presion.shp, Malaga_presion.shp.-- SECOND DATASET: Stressed areas indicators: Santander_tensionadas_y_renta.shp, Madrid_tensionadas_y_renta.shp, Malaga_tensionadas_y_renta.shp, Peer reviewed

Excel file including: Conditions tested in the study, proximate composition and physicochemical parameters of porcine liver, degree of hydrolysis, antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP and ORAC), ferrous ion chelating activity (% Chelation), and free amino acids (mg amino acid/g liver) of liver hydrolyzates., In the study of protein-rich byproducts, enzymatic hydrolysis stands as a prominent technique, generating bioactive peptides. Combining exo- and endopeptidases could enhance both biological and sensory properties. Ultrasound pretreatment is one of the most promising techniques for the optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis. This research aimed to create tasteful and biologically active pork liver hydrolyzates by using sequential hydrolysis with two types of enzymes and two types of ultrasound pretreatments. Sequential hydrolyzates exhibited a higher degree of hydrolysis than single ones. Protana Prime hydrolyzates yielded the largest amount of taste-related amino acids, enhancing sweet, bittersweet, and umami amino acids according to the Taste Activity Value (TAV). These hydrolyzates also displayed significantly higher antioxidant activity. Among sequential hydrolyzates, Flavourzyme and Protana Prime hydrolyzates pretreated with ultrasound showed the highest ferrous ion chelating activity. Overall, employing both Alcalase and Protana Prime on porcine livers pretreated with ultrasound proved to be highly effective in obtaining potentially tasteful and biologically active hydrolyzates., Grants PID2020−119684RB-I00 funded by MCINU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and PRE2021−100576 allocated to MILM, funded by MCIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 in conjunction with the European Social Fund, are acknowledged. The accreditation as Centre of Excellence Severo Ochoa CEX2021−001189-S, funded by MCIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, is also acknowledged., With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2021-001189-S), Peer reviewed