BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

The complete valorisation of sugar beet pulp (SBP) through pectooligosaccharides (POS) extraction and biobutanol production was studied. A central composite experimental design was planned to optimise the time and temperature of the hydrothermal microwave-assisted extraction. 59.7 % of the POS present in the SBP were recovered, and a prehydrolysate with 31.1 g POS/L was obtained under optimal conditions (165 °C and 12 min). The prehydrolysate was further precipitated by ethanol. One-step and stepwise alcohol precipitation were evaluated. The prehydrolysate:ethanol ratio was increased from 1:1 to 1:3 in the stepwise precipitation, whereas a ratio of 1:2 was used in the one-step precipitation. The pectin fractions differed from each other in their chemical composition. The molecular weight of the pectin fractions ranged from 474 to 523 kDa, and the degree of esterification of all of them was higher than 50 %, so they can be considered high methoxyl pectins. On the other hand, the pretreated solid enriched in glucan was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulases and fermented by Clostridium beijerinckii, producing 8.3 g butanol/L after 48 h of fermentation (53 kg butanol/t SBP). As this research has demonstrated, SBP is a suitable feedstock for a green biorefinery approach. The fractionation of SBP by hydrothermal treatment avoids using acid and alkaline solvents and allows high POS and biobutanol production yields., Instituto de Procesos Sostenibles, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PID2020-115110RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)

Discarded red beetroot (DRB) is an organic waste generated in the food industry. This study is focused on the valorization of DRB through the recovery of bioactive compounds. The characterization of the DRB juice confirmed a higher content of antioxidants (DPPH 504 ± 24 µmol TE/L, FRAP 10920 ± 440 µmol TE/L, ABTS 22012 ± 592 µmol TE/L), phenolic compounds (1789 ± 56 mg GAE/L), flavonoids (471± 17 mg CE/L) and betalains (1426 ± 24 mg/L) than commercial juices. DRB pomace contains pectin that was recovered by microwave extraction aided by a surfactant (polyethylene glycol, PEG4000). Conditions (temperature, time and surfactant concentration) for the extraction of galacturonic acid (GalA) or pectooligosaccharides (POS) were optimized by a central composite experimental design. POS were extracted at high temperatures (160 °C, 5.3 min, 8.4 g PEG4000/L, yield of 271.2 g POS/kg dry pomace). In comparison, galacturonic acid extraction was favored at moderate conditions (137 °C, 5 min, 2.5 g PEG4000/L, yield of 120.1 g GalA/kg dry pomace). The characterization of the freeze-dried hydrolysates revealed that the solid obtained under moderate temperature conditions (137 ºC) showed a higher GalA content (49.5%) and lower neutral sugars (11.4%), as GalA degrades at lower temperatures than pentoses. The recovered pectin can be considered high-methoxyl pectin, as the degree of esterification was higher than 50%. FTIR spectra of the freeze-dried hydrolysates showed functional groups consistent with pectin. MALDI-TOF-MS analysis revealed the presence of oligosaccharides of hexoses and pentoses with different structures and degrees of polymerization. Thus, DRB, a low-value vegetable waste, can be converted into high-value-added bioproducts in a biorefinery framework., Instituto de Procesos Sostenibles, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PID2020-115110RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)

This research focuses on the integrated recovery of rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) pectin from sugar beet pulp (SBP). First, the extraction of RG-I pectin through sequential ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was assessed. Optimization using a response surface methodology identified the optimal conditions as initial pH 4, 10 minutes of UAE, and 157 °C for MAE, achieving a 66.0 % recovery of pectooligosaccharides (POS). Additionally, purification through continuous diafiltration and concentration via ultrafiltration of the POS using membranes with different molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO) was explored. In contrast to previous research using discontinuous diafiltration, the use of continuous diafiltration allowed a decrease in the extract viscosity and obtained higher yields using a higher MWCO membrane. The refined RG-I pectin solids exhibited a high global yield (39 – 40 g pectin/100 g SBP), and high-methoxyl characteristics, as well as purity levels (70 – 80 %) similar to commercial prebiotics., Instituto de Procesos Sostenibles, Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PID2020-115110RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)

Code-modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEPs) have marked a milestone in the scientific literature due to their ability to achieve reliable, high-speed brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) for communication and control. Generally, these expert systems rely on encoding each command with shifted versions of binary pseudorandom sequences, i.e., flashing black and white targets according to the shifted code. Despite the excellent results in terms of accuracy and selection time, these high-contrast stimuli cause eyestrain for some users. For this reason, we propose the use of non-binary p-ary m-sequences, whose levels are encoded with different shades of gray, as a more pleasant alternative than traditional binary codes. In this dataset, a total of 16 healthy participants engaged in BCI spelling tasks using five different p-ary m-sequences: binary GF(2^6) with a base of 2, GF(3^5) with a base of 3, GF(5^3) with a base of 5, GF(7^2) with a base of 7, and GF(11^2) with a base of 11. Each participant completed a single session that included a calibration phase consisting of 300 cycles (repetitions of the p-ary m-sequence), followed by an online spelling task of 32 trials (with 10 cycles per trial) for each condition. Online selections were made using a 4x4 command matrix (chance level of 6.25%), consisting of alphabetic characters from A to P. In addition, qualitative measures regarding visual fatigue and satisfaction were collected., Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Departamento de Informática, Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones e Ingeniería Telemática, TED2021-129915B-I00, RTC2019-007350-1, and PID2020-115468RB-I00, CIBER-BBN

Code-modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEPs) are an innovative control signal utilized in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) with promising performance. Prior studies on steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) have indicated that the spatial frequency of checkerboard-like stimuli influences both performance and user experience. Spatial frequency refers to the dimensions of the individual squares comprising the visual stimulus, quantified in cycles (i.e., number of black-white squares pairs) per degree of visual angle. However, the specific effects of this parameter on c-VEP-based BCIs remained unexplored. In this dataset, a total of 16 healthy participants engaged in BCI spelling tasks using eight different conditions with varying spatial frequencies: C001 (0 c/°, 1×1 squares), C002 (0.15 c/°, 2×2 squares), C004 (0.3 c/°, 4×4 squares), C008 (0.6 c/°, 8×8 squares), C016 (1.2 c/°, 16×16 squares), C032 (2.4 c/°, 32×32 squares), C064 (4.79 c/°, 64×64 squares), and C128 (9.58 c/°, 128×128 squares). The system employed a binary m-sequence of 63 bits displayed at a 120 Hz rate using a black-background checkerboard (BB-CB) pattern; i.e. event “1” was encoded with a checkerboard pattern and “0” with a black flash. Each participant completed a single session that included a calibration phase consisting of 240 cycles (repetitions of the m-sequence), followed by an online spelling task of 18 trials (with 8 cycles per trial) for each condition. Online selections were made using a 3x3 command matrix (chance level of 11.11%)., Grupo de Ingeniería Biomédica, Departamento de Informática, Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones e Ingeniería Telemática, TED2021-129915B-I00, RTC2019-007350-1, PID2020-115468RB-I00, and PID2021-127261OB-I00, Universidad de Málaga, Junta de Castilla y León, CIBER-BBN

Replication package for "A comparison of machine learning algorithms on design smell detection using balanced and imbalanced dataset: A study of God class"

Dataset prepared for "Prioritization of god class design smell: A multi-criteria based approach"

El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficacia de la educación en neurociencia del dolor y el entrenamiento de fuerza para disminuir el dolor y la discapacidad; y aumentar la calidad de vida y la funcionalidad en mujeres con fibromialgia.

The dataset include the raw data of the analysys of HPLC-MS/MS for tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol. The samples were from fermented synthetic must by the yeas strain Red Fruit in different conditions of YAN (210 mg/L and 300 mg/L) and different glucose conditions (100 g/L y 240 g/L).

Este archivo proporciona una versión digital de los caminos por Juan Villuga en 1543. El archivo consta de 139 entidades geográficas de tipo línea, cada entidad representa un camino documentado por Juan Villuga con su respectivo nombre. Se ha utilizado la proyección ETRS89 30N. La vectorización ha sido realizada a partir de dos fuentes: 1) Villuga, Juan. 1543. Repertorio de todos los caminos de España en el año de gracia de 1543. Barcelona: Institut Cartografic i Geològic de Catalunya, R: RL 3419. (Consulta 14/05/2014). http://cartotecadigital.icgc.cat/cdm/singleitem/collection/espanya/id/2618/rec/1; y 2) Villuga, Juan. 1950 [1543]. Repertorio de todos los caminos de España. Madrid: Reimpresiones Bibliográficas., Base de datos espacial en formato shapefiles con 139 entidades geográficas de tipo línea, cada entidad representa un camino documentado por Juan Villuga., v. 1