BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Genome-wide cytosine methylation estimates of 200 plants of Helleborus foetidus obtained by HPLC and Methylation Scoring of MSAP data Genome-wide cytosine methylation estimates in young leaves of 200 plants of Helleborus foetidus obtained using HPLC and the percentage of cytosine methylation in CCGG sites obtained by Methylation Scoring of MSAP data. Methylation scoring (MS50) was calculated as the percentage of MSAP loci scored as methylated (condition II + III). HPLC_MS_data_doi_10.5061_dryad.04d0d.txt, Methylation of DNA cytosines affects whether transposons are silenced and genes are expressed, and is a major epigenetic mechanism whereby plants respond to environmental change. Analyses of methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MS-AFLP or MSAP) have been often used to assess methyl-cytosine changes in response to stress treatments and, more recently, in ecological studies of wild plant populations. MSAP technique does not require a sequenced reference genome and provides many anonymous loci randomly distributed over the genome for which the methylation status can be ascertained. Scoring of MSAP data, however, is not straightforward, and efforts are still required to standardize this step to make use of the potential to distinguish between methylation at different nucleotide contexts. Furthermore, it is not known how accurately MSAP infers genome-wide cytosine methylation levels in plants. Here, we analyse the relationship between MSAP results and the percentage of global cytosine methylation in genomic DNA obtained by HPLC analysis. A screening of literature revealed that methylation of cytosines at cleavage sites assayed by MSAP was greater than genome-wide estimates obtained by HPLC, and percentages of methylation at different nucleotide contexts varied within and across species. Concurrent HPLC and MSAP analyses of DNA from 200 individuals of the perennial herb Helleborus foetidus confirmed that methyl-cytosine was more frequent in CCGG contexts than in the genome as a whole. In this species, global methylation was unrelated to methylation at the inner CG site. We suggest that global HPLC and context-specific MSAP methylation estimates provide complementary information whose combination can improve our current understanding of methylation-based epigenetic processes in nonmodel plants., Peer reviewed

Matrix AFLPs Canarina canariensis Original Matrix of Canarina canariensis AFLPs matriz_595alelos.xlsx cpDNA_Canarina_canariensis NEXUS files for the concatenated cpDNA dataset of Canarina canariensis, Geographical isolation by oceanic barriers and climatic stability has been postulated as some of the main factors driving diversification within volcanic archipelagos. However, few studies have focused on the effect that catastrophic volcanic events have had on patterns of within-island differentiation in geological time. This study employed data from the chloroplast (cpDNA haplotypes) and the nuclear (AFLPs) genomes to examine the patterns of genetic variation in Canarina canariensis, an iconic plant species associated with the endemic laurel forest of the Canary Islands. We found a strong geographical population structure, with a first divergence around 0.8 Ma that has Tenerife as its central axis and divides Canarian populations into eastern and western clades. Genetic diversity was greatest in the geologically stable ‘palaeo-islands’ of Anaga, Teno and Roque del Conde; these areas were also inferred as the ancestral location of migrant alleles towards other disturbed areas within Tenerife or the nearby islands using a Bayesian approach to phylogeographical clustering. Oceanic barriers, in contrast, appear to have played a lesser role in structuring genetic variation, with intra-island levels of genetic diversity larger than those between-islands. We argue that volcanic eruptions and landslides after the merging of the palaeo-islands 3.5 Ma played key roles in generating genetic boundaries within Tenerife, with the palaeo-islands acting as refugia against extinction, and as cradles and sources of genetic diversity to other areas within the archipelago., Peer reviewed

Related identifiers: Part of 10.3897/jor.27.21064, Figure 3 Male Mioscirtus wagneri on alkali seepweed host plant, Suaeda vera. Photo by P.J. Cordero., Peer reviewed

Telomere length of magpie and great spotted cuckoo nestlings Telomere length of magpie and great spotted cuckoo nestlings soon after hatching and before fledging. We also show telomere attrition values and laying-date of each studied nest. Values are means estimates per study nest. data.xlsx, Although little is known on the impact of environment on telomere length dynamics, it has been suggested to be affected by stress, lifestyle and/or life-history strategies of animals. We here compared telomere dynamics in erythrocytes of hatchlings and fledglings of the brood parasite great spotted cuckoos (Clamator glandarius) and of magpies (Pica pica), their main host in Europe. In magpie chicks, telomere length decreased from hatching to fledging while no significant change in telomere length of great spotted cuckoo chicks was found. Moreover, we found interspecific differences in the association between laying date and telomere shortening. Interspecific differences in telomere shortening were interpreted as a consequence of differences in lifestyle and life-history characteristics of magpies and great spotted cuckoos. In comparison with magpies, cuckoos experience reduced sibling competition and higher access to resources, and, consequently, lower stressful environmental conditions during the nestling phase. These characteristics also explain the associations between telomere attrition and environmental conditions (i.e. laying date) for magpies and the absence of association for great spotted cuckoos. These results therefore fit expectations on telomere dynamics derived from interspecific differences in lifestyle and life-history of brood parasites and their bird hosts., Peer reviewed

This study aims to report the implementation of the first nationwide pilot trial of balanced IWM in Europe, using a network of 11 pilot monitoring sites in Spain. The insights obtained in this pilot IWM trial will help to further develop a comprehensive IWM and serve as a reference for implementing IWM systems in other regions. For this purpose, a grid of 20 camera traps (Browning Strike Force HD ProX, Browning Arms Company®, Morgan, Utah, USA) was deployed for two months at each study site (n=11). REM was applied to wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) as the most frequently detected species. Relative abundance indexes, namely trapping rate and relative occupancy index, were calculated for the remaining, less frequently detected species. We also constructed static social networks, one for each study site (shown in the video)., Peer reviewed

Linares et al_Data and Supplementary Material Data and supplementary material, Ocean acidification is one of the main stressors affecting marine ecosystems. Rare CO2 vents offer a unique opportunity to investigate the response of benthic ecosystems to acidification. However, the benthic habitats that have been investigated so far are mainly very shallow water (≤5 m depth) and, therefore, to habitats that are poorly representative of the broad range of habitats that occur on the continental shelf. Here, we show that a decrease from pH 8.1 to 7.9 observed in a CO2 vent system at 40 m depth leads to a dramatic shift in highly diverse and structurally complex habitats. Forests of the kelp Laminaria rodriguezii usually found at larger depths (>65 m) replace the dominant habitats (i.e. coralligenous outcrops and rhodolith beds), which are mainly characterized by calcifying organisms. Only the aragonite-calcifying algae are able to survive in acidified waters, while high-magnesium calcite organisms lack almost completely. Beyond significant changes at species level also reported in most of previous studies, our results demonstrate that moderate ocean acidification and pH levels expected to occur at the end of this century will entail outstanding changes in the distribution and dominance of key benthic ecosystems at regional scales, with far-reaching ecological and socio-economic implications., Peer reviewed

Files include the data necessary for the estimation of the population density by REM (DataREMZenodo.xlsx), data on indirect interactions recorded by camera traps at the pilot monitoring site level (DataIntZenodo.xlsx), and the metadata of the images (Metadata_imagesbyPP.xlsx)., This study aims to report the implementation of the first nationwide pilot trial of balanced IWM in Europe, using a network of 11 pilot monitoring sites in Spain. The insights obtained in this pilot IWM trial will help to further develop a comprehensive IWM and serve as a reference for implementing IWM systems in other regions. For this purpose, a grid of 20 camera traps (Browning Strike Force HD ProX, Browning Arms Company®, Morgan, Utah, USA) was deployed for two months at each study site (n=11). REM was applied to wild boar (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) as the most frequently detected species. Relative abundance indexes, namely trapping rate and relative occupancy index, were calculated for the remaining, less frequently detected species., Peer reviewed

Pinus phenotypic data and locality descriptions Phenotypes (serotiny and tree diameter) and locality descriptors (stand, coordinates, etc) for 367 Pinus halpensis and 194 Pinus pinster individuals from SE Spain. Please note: these data are a subset of the dataset originally collected by Hernández-Serrano et al. (2013) Fire structures pine serotiny at different scales. American Journal of Botany 100, 2349-2356. Pinus_phenotypes_and_localities.txt Gmatrix_P.halepensis Tab-delimited text file with symetrical matrix showing pairwise relatedness estimates for 367 individuals of Pinus halepensis. Diagonal estimates are included. Estimates are based on 251 SNPs and were estimated with the synbreed package in R. Gmatrix P.pinaster Tab-delimited text file with symetrical matrix showing pairwise relatedness estimates for 194 individuals of Pinus pinaster. Diagonal estimates are included. Estimates are based on 251 SNPs and were estimated with the synbreed package in R. Gmatrix_P.pinaster.txt, The strong association observed between fire regimes and variation in plant adaptations to fire suggests a rapid response to fire as an agent of selection. It also suggests that fire-related traits are heritable, a precondition for evolutionary change. One example is serotiny, the accumulation of seeds in unopened fruits or cones until the next fire, an important strategy for plant population persistence in fire-prone ecosystems. Here, we evaluate the potential of this trait to respond to natural selection in its natural setting. For this, we use a SNP marker approach to estimate genetic variance and heritability of serotiny directly in the field for two Mediterranean pine species. Study populations were large and heterogeneous in climatic conditions and fire regime. We first estimated the realized relatedness among trees from genotypes, and then partitioned the phenotypic variance in serotiny using Bayesian animal models that incorporated environmental predictors. As expected, field heritability was smaller (around 0.10 for both species) than previous estimates under common garden conditions (0.20). An estimate on a subset of stands with more homogeneous environmental conditions was not different from that in the complete set of stands, suggesting that our models correctly captured the environmental variation at the spatial scale of the study. Our results highlight the importance of measuring quantitative genetic parameters in natural populations, where environmental heterogeneity is a critical aspect. The heritability of serotiny, although not high, combined with high phenotypic variance within populations, confirms the potential of this fire-related trait for evolutionary change in the wild., Peer reviewed

Dataset 1: this is the dataset used for the eggshell coloration analysis. The dataset presents 145 columns and 197 lines. Each line represents the data relative to a single starlin egg considered for the analysis. Column 1 is the original ID of the egg in the field noterbook. Column 2 is the individual code for each breeding attempt (i.d. every time a first egg is found in a nest). Column 3 is the nest in which each egg has been found. Col. 4 is the tratment to which the female laying the eggs has been subjected: H, handicap; C, control. Col. 5 contains the date of measurement of the eggs. Col. 6 contains the date of laying of each egg (date of April 2020). Col. 7 the clutch size of each breeding event. Cols. 8-10 the lenght (mm), widht (mm) and the calculated volume (mm3) of each egg. Please refer to the main text for more information about egg size calculation. Cols. 11-15 contain the informations about the laying female (IDs and measurements). Cols. 16 - 135 contain the repeated measurements of eggshell coloration as stored in the spectrophotometer and the relative values of brightness, BGC, hue and chroma. The x and y are used to distinguish the first from the second spectra values. Cols. 136-139 contain the values of the mean value of brightness, hue, chroma and blue-green chroma for the repeated measures (x and y). Cols. 140-142 contain the main, the standard deviation and the maximum values of BGC for each nest. Cols. 143-145 contain the main, the standard deviation and the maximum values of BGC x100. Dataset 2: this dataset contains the data of the females recorded before and after the laying. Col. 1 and 2 contain the ID of the female (ring number and chip code, respectively) Col.3 the tratment to which the female laying the eggs has been subjected: H, handicap; C, control. Col. 4 the nest in which the eggs have been laid. Cols. 5 and 6 contain the dates in which the female has been captured (before and after laying the eggs, respectively). Cols. 7 and 8 contain the day counts of the corrispective date, starting the day of the laying (April 11th). Col. 9 and 10 contain the initials of the observer of the first and second capture. Col. 11 contains the coded age of the oldest nestling: P5, chick of 5 days; P6, chick of 6 days... Cols. 12 and 13 contain the weights recorded in the first and in the second capture (pre and post laying, respectively). Cols. 14 and 15 contain the wing (mm) and the tarsus (mm) measurements of the females, recorded in the first capture., It has been proposed that blue-green egg coloration is a condition-dependent female sexual trait that may modify paternal care in a post-mating sexual selection scenario. This pattern may arise because the pigment responsible for eggshell colouration (biliverdin) may be a costly and limited resource, whose availability is linked to female health state. Thus, it can be predicted that females whose condition is compromised should be constrained in their capacity to deposit biliverdin in the eggshell, thus producing paler clutches. To test this hypothesis, we performed a handicapping experiment by clipping some feathers of female spotless starlings before egg laying and measuring the colour of their clutches. We expected the handicapping treatment to increase flying costs, impairing female overall condition and resulting in paler clutches. Our experiment was successful in lowering the weight gain of handicapped with respect to control females. However, in contrast to our expectations, we found no effect of the treatment on eggshell colouration. Eggshell colour varied along the laying order, with initial eggs of the laying sequence being relatively paler than the rest of the clutch, but this pattern was not different between experimental groups. Despite a very similar methodology, our results differ from a previous study and offers no support to the post mating sexual selected hypothesis, questioning the general applicability of the sexual selection role of eggshell coloration., Peer reviewed

Published as part of Battiston, Roberto, Ortego, Joaquín, Correas, José R. & Cordero, Pedro J., 2014, A revision of Apteromantis (Mantodea: Mantidae, Amelinae): A comprehensive approach to manage old taxonomic and conservation problems, pp. 65-77 in Zootaxa 3797 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3797.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/4915383, FIGURE 4. (A) Apex of the hypophallus for four specimens of A. bolivari from Morocco (Ab1-4), one specimen of A. bolivari from Portugal (AbP), and three specimens of A. aptera from Spain (Aa1-3). All the drawings have been reduced to the same scale to put in evidence the shape differences. (B) Pseudophallus for A. bolivari and A. aptera., Peer reviewed