Resultados totales (Incluyendo duplicados): 35611
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Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282059
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: DECODING COLOURATION OF BEGGING TRAITS BY THE EXPERIMENTAL ADDITION OF THE APPETITE ENHANCER CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN MAGPIE (PICA PICA) NESTLINGS

  • Martín Gálvez, David
  • Soler, Juan José
Reflectance of mouth, rictal flange and body skin at the beginning of the treatment with cyproheptadine Spectral reflectance (300nm to 700nm) of three begging-related traits of magpie nestlings: mouth (gape or palate), rictal flange and body skin at the beginning of the treatment with cyproheptadine (nestlings 2–4 days old). Values are means obtained from three replicates and corrected by a triangular smoothing (i.e. a floating mean with weights within a distance of 10nm). Before_experimemt_reflectance_300_700nm.txt Reflectance of mouth, rictal flange and body skin at the end of the treatment with cyproheptadine Spectral reflectance (300nm to 700nm) of three begging-related traits of magpie nestlings: mouth (gape or palate), rictal flange and body skin at the end of the treatment with cyproheptadine (nestlings 10–12 days old). Values are means obtained from three replicates and corrected by a triangular smoothing (i.e. a floating mean with weights within a distance of 10nm). After_experimemt_reflectance_300_700nm.txt Irradiance inside 10 active magpie nests Irradiance measurements were performed in 10 active magpie nests between March and April of 2009, and between 09:00am and 11:00am in a magpie population in Guadix (Spain). It was done by placing the probe above the nest cup and pointing vertically toward the dome. Values are means per each nest from three replicates. Irradiance_inside_nests_300_700nm_moles_means.txt Nestling weights and colour measurements for the three begging-related traits before and after the treatment with cyproheptadine data_set_Martin-Galvez_and_Soler_2016.xlsx, The colouration of some traits in nestlings of altricial birds may influence parental food allocation as it may reflect physical condition or hunger. There is increasing evidence of the relationship between colouration of begging traits and nestling performance. However, evidence of the influence of hunger level on nestling colouration is scarce, mainly because of difficulty of distinguishing between the effects of physical condition and hunger levels. Here, we used the appetite stimulant cyproheptadine hydrochloride to increase the sensation of hunger of magpie (Pica pica) nestlings for eight days and assessed the effect on the colouration of rictal flanges, mouth and body skin. We found that nestlings administered with cyproheptadine had flanges more conspicuous (chromatic visual contrast), more UV coloured and less yellow coloured than their control nestmates. Conversely, mouths of experimental nestlings were more yellow coloured and less UV coloured than controls. Our pharmacological experiment affected the strength of the relationship between body mass and some colour components of body skin (chromatic and achromatic visual contrasts, UV–chroma and Yellow–chroma) and of rictal flanges (chromatic visual contrasts, UV–chroma and yellow–chroma), but not for mouth colouration. These results taken together suggest that the effect of the cyproheptadine on nestling colourations is probably mediated by an increase in hunger levels of nestlings for rictal flanges and body skin colourations, and by an increase in physical condition in the case of mouth coloration., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282066
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: ANCIENT DNA REVEALS DIFFERENCES IN BEHAVIOUR AND SOCIALITY BETWEEN BROWN BEARS AND EXTINCT CAVE BEARS

  • Fortes, Gloria G.
  • Grandal d'Anglade, Aurora
  • Kolbe, Ben
  • Fernandes, Daniel
  • Meleg, Ioana N.
  • García Vázquez, Ana
  • Pinto Llona, Ana Cristina
  • Constantin, Silviu
  • Torres Pérez-Hidalgo, Trinidad J. de
  • Ortiz, José E.
  • Frischauf, Christine
  • Rabeder, Gernot
  • Hofreiter, Michael
  • Barlow, Axel
Fortes_et_al_2016_mtDNA_alignment MtDNA sequence alignment used in Fortes et al. 2016 Mol Ecol. See README for further info., Ancient DNA studies have revolutionized the study of extinct species and populations, providing insights on phylogeny, phylogeography, admixture and demographic history. However, inferences on behaviour and sociality have been far less frequent. Here, we investigate the complete mitochondrial genomes of extinct Late Pleistocene cave bears and middle Holocene brown bears that each inhabited multiple geographically proximate caves in northern Spain. In cave bears, we find that, although most caves were occupied simultaneously, each cave almost exclusively contains a unique lineage of closely related haplotypes. This remarkable pattern suggests extreme fidelity to their birth site in cave bears, best described as homing behaviour, and that cave bears formed stable maternal social groups at least for hibernation. In contrast, brown bears do not show any strong association of mitochondrial lineage and cave, suggesting that these two closely related species differed in aspects of their behaviour and sociality. This difference is likely to have contributed to cave bear extinction, which occurred at a time in which competition for caves between bears and humans was likely intense and the ability to rapidly colonize new hibernation sites would have been crucial for the survival of a species so dependent on caves for hibernation as cave bears. Our study demonstrates the potential of ancient DNA to uncover patterns of behaviour and sociality in ancient species and populations, even those that went extinct many tens of thousands of years ago., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104
Dataset. 2021

DATA FROM: ECOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION, RATHER THAN THE ISLAND EFFECT, EXPLAINS MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSIFICATION IN AN ANCIENT RADIATION OF GECKOS

  • Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
  • Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
  • Menéndez, Iris
  • Carranza, Salvador
Island colonists are often assumed to experience higher levels of phenotypic diversification than continental taxa. However, empirical evidence shows that exceptions to this "island effect" do exist. Here, we tested this pattern using a thoroughly sampled continent-island system, the genus Pristurus, a group of sphaerodactylid geckos distributed across continental Arabia and Africa and the Socotra Archipelago. We used a recently published phylogeny and an extensive morphological dataset to explore whether Socotran and continental taxa differ in their dynamics of phenotypic evolution. Moreover, we used habitat data to examine if ecological specialisation is correlated with morphological change, reconstructing ancestral habitat occupancy and comparing phenotypic disparity and trait evolution between habitats. We found heterogeneity in the outcome of the colonisation of the Socotra Archipelago. Namely, only one of the three events of colonisation has resulted in an increase in body size. However, in general, Socotran species do not present higher levels or rates of morphological diversification than continental groups. Instead, habitat specialisation provides a more nuanced insight into body size and shape evolution in Pristurus. In particular, the colonisation of ground habitats appears as the main driver of morphological change, producing the highest disparity and evolutionary rates. Additionally, arboreal species show very constrained body size and head proportions, suggesting ecologically driven morphological convergence. Our results reveal a determinant role of ecological mechanisms in morphological evolution and corroborate the complexity of ecomorphological dynamics in continental-island systems., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //
DOI: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282104
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104
HANDLE: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282104
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104
PMID: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282104
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104
Ver en: http://hdl.handle.net/10261/282104
Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282104

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282110
Dataset. 2022

ASSESSING SHORT AND LONG-TERM VARIATIONS IN DIVERSITY, TIMING, AND BODY CONDITION OF FRUGIVOROUS BIRDS

  • Campo-Celada, María
  • Jordano, Pedro
  • Benítez-López, Ana
  • Gutiérrez-Expósito, Carlos
  • Rabadán-González, Julio
  • Mendoza, Irene
[Methods] Data include two different datasets (each one separated in a different file): 1) Bird abundance data; 2) Bird trapping data using mist nets. Data were collected in Hato Ratón, in Doñana’s Natural Area, close to Villamanrique de la Condesa, Sevilla province, southern Spain (37° 10’ 26.4” N, 6° 20’ 17.4” W, 11 m a.s.l.). Sampling was carried on in two time periods: 1981-1983 and 2019-2021. Bird abundance was estimated using 1-km linear transects to calculate the kilometric abundance index. These were conducted 2-5 times per month (40 censuses in total). For each individual that was seen or heard, we recorded its species and the time it was seen. Bird censusing started one hour after sunrise and was carried out when weather conditions were not extreme (in absence of rain or strong wind). Data on censed birds include a total of 0 species. Bird ringing data comes from birds captured by mist nets deployed weekly during 1981-1983 (6-10 nets per survey day, average 10-25 mist-net m/h) and fortnightly in 2019-2021 (12-20 nets per survey day, average 25-50 m/h). Data on trapped birds include a total of 32 species. [Usage Notes] Medata information: File: censuses80s_20s.txt Including abundance censuses carried on in 1981-1983 and 2019-2021- Variable names: yeargroup (study period, either 1981-1983 or 2019-2021), Date (Year/Month/Day), year, months, Transect, species, count (number of individuals), distance (transect length), ikas (relative abundance, individuals/km). File: ringing80s_20s.txt Including bird ringing data carried on in 1981-1983 and 2019-2021- Variable names: Date (Year/Month/Day), Species, Tarsus length (mm), Weight (g), residuals (Weight ~ tarsus residuals), Fat_rescaled (fat value after rescaling, from 0 to 8), fat_cat (Fat category: low or medium-high fat content), Migratory_type (Resident, Summer, Wintering, or Migrant), Trophic_type (combinations of Herbivore, Frugivore, Insectivore, Granivore, Carnivore, Omnivore, and Necrophage), Functional type (NF, PC, SP, SD, PC/SP/SD, PC/SP). NF = Non Frugivore; PC = Pulp Consumer; SP = Seed Predator; SD = Seed Disperser., Seed dispersal by frugivorous bird species involves a fine temporal tuning between fruiting plants and birds. However, this interaction may be severely threatened by anthropogenic climate and land-use change, which may result in phenological mismatches and pervasive ecological consequences for avian communities. In this study, we evaluate changes at long (~40 years) and short-time (seasonal) spans in an avian frugivore community using a snapshot resampling. Particularly, we focus on changes in composition, abundance, migratory timing (i.e., phenology), and physical condition in relation to variations in fruit supply. We used bird and fruit data collected during 1981-1983 and 2019-2021 in a Mediterranean scrubland site in Doñana Natural Area, SW Spain. Our findings indicate a profound transformation of species composition, bird phenology, and body condition: in ~40 years, the avian community showed a 66% and 13% decrease of the wintering and seed-disperser species, respectively. Seasonal abundance peaks were advanced for at least one month in 9 out of 11 frugivorous bird species included in the analyses. Avian body condition during the migratory passage has worsened, with fewer individuals showing a high-fat percentage now than in the past. Finally, we report a fruit production decrease of almost half in 2019-2021 compared to 1981-1983, probably linked to habitat encroachment by pine trees and replacement of fleshy-fruited shrubs. Vegetation encroachment and climate change are the most plausible explanations for the observed changes in the avian community, but the relative importance of these factors is yet unknown. Our results at a local scale mirror the dramatic consequences of global change affecting the diversity, phenology, and physical condition of frugivorous bird species reported in multiple studies across the globe. The loss of frugivores may trigger feedback mechanisms in which seed dispersal is disrupted, leading to impaired recruitment of fruiting plants and hence less food availability for the avian community., Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, Award: 798269. Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad, Junta de Andalucía, Award: P18-HO-4814. Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Award: CGL 2017-82847., Peer reviewed


Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282147
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: CONCEALED BY DARKNESS: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PREDATORY BATS AND NOCTURNALLY MIGRATING SONGBIRDS ILLUMINATED BY DNA SEQUENCING

  • Ibáñez, Carlos
  • Popa-Lisseanu, Ana G.
  • Pastor-Beviá, David
  • García-Mudarra, Juan L.
CytbSPrey Partial Cytochrome b sequences obtained from sequencing of the amplification of the DNA from excrement with specific primers for arthropodes. CytbLPrey Partial Cytochrome b (Part 2) sequences obtained from sequencing of the amplification of the DNA from excrement with specific primers for arthropodes Samples List final Samples used in the study, Recently, several species of aerial-hawking bats have been found to prey on migrating songbirds, but details on this behaviour and its relevance for bird migration are still unclear. We sequenced avian DNA in feather-containing scats of the bird-feeding bat Nyctalus lasiopterus from Spain collected during bird migration seasons. We found very high prey diversity, with 31 bird species from eight families of Passeriformes, almost all of which were nocturnally flying sub-Saharan migrants. Moreover, species using tree hollows or nest boxes in the study area during migration periods were not present in the bats’ diet, indicating that birds are solely captured on the wing during night-time passage. Additional to a generalist feeding strategy, we found that bats selected medium-sized bird species, thereby assumingly optimizing their energetic cost-benefit balance and injury risk. Surprisingly, bats preyed upon birds half their own body mass. This shows that the 5% prey to predator body mass ratio traditionally assumed for aerial hunting bats does not apply to this hunting strategy or even underestimates these animals’ behavioural and mechanical abilities. Considering the bats’ generalist feeding strategy and their large prey size range, we suggest that nocturnal bat predation may have influenced the evolution of bird migration strategies and behaviour., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282158
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: RAPID POSTGLACIAL DIVERSIFICATION AND LONG-TERM STASIS WITHIN THE SONGBIRD GENUS JUNCO: PHYLOGEOGRAPHIC AND PHYLOGENOMIC EVIDENCE

  • Friis, Guillermo
  • Aleixandre, Pau
  • Rodríguez-Estrella, Ricardo
  • Navarro-Sigüenza, Adolfo G.
  • Milá, Borja
2016_06_27 MalesSpecMorph_museum Colorimetric Spectra and Morphological variable measures per museum skin, males. SNP calls output from the GBS Bioinformatics pipeline SNP calls in HapMap format with basic filtering on missingness and allele frequency for 95 Junco samples, generated by the Cornell University’s Institute for Genomic Diversity (IGD). c1.snpmerged.filtered.hmp, Natural systems composed of closely-related taxa that vary in the degree of phenotypic divergence and geographic isolation, provide an opportunity to investigate the rate of phenotypic diversification and the relative roles of selection and drift in driving lineage formation. The genus Junco (Aves: Emberizidae) of North America includes parapatric northern forms that are markedly divergent in plumage pattern and color, in contrast to geographically isolated southern populations in remote areas that show moderate phenotypic divergence. Here, we quantify patterns of phenotypic divergence in morphology and plumage color, and use mitochondrial DNA genes, a nuclear intron, and genome-wide SNPs to reconstruct the demographic and evolutionary history of the genus to infer relative rates of evolutionary divergence among lineages. We found that geographically isolated populations have evolved independently for hundreds of thousands of years despite little differentiation in phenotype, in sharp contrast to phenotypically diverse northern forms, which have diversified within the last few thousand years as a result of the rapid postglacial recolonization of North America. SNP data resolved young northern lineages into reciprocally monophyletic lineages, indicating low rates of gene flow even among closely related parapatric forms, and suggesting a role for strong genetic drift or multifarious selection acting on multiple loci in driving lineage divergence. Juncos represent a compelling example of speciation-in-action, where the combined effects of historical and selective factors have produced one of the fastest cases of speciation known in vertebrates., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282164
Dataset. 2016

DATA FROM: HISTORICAL CITIZEN SCIENCE TO UNDERSTAND AND PREDICT CLIMATE-DRIVEN TROUT DECLINE

  • Clavero, Miguel
  • Ninyerola, Miquel
  • Hermoso, Virgilio
  • Filipe, Ana F.
  • Pla, Magda
  • Villero, Daniel
  • Brotons, Lluís
  • Delibes, M.
HISTORICAL TROUT DISTRIBUTION IN SPAIN Presence (=1) or absence (=0) of brown trout (Salmo trutta) in 5427 localities in Spain during the mid-19th century, as informed by the geographical dictionary edited by Pascual Madoz [Madoz P. 1845-1850 Diccionario Geográfico, Estadístico y Histórico de España, y sus Posesiones de Ultramar. 16 vols. Madrid, Spain]. Absence localities are those in which the dictionary identified freshwater fish species but did not mention the trout. Latitude and longitude are given in decimal degrees HISTORICAL_TROUT_DATA.xls, Historical species records offer an excellent opportunity to test the predictive ability of range forecasts under climate change, but researchers often consider that historical records are scarce and unreliable, besides the datasets collected by renowned naturalists. Here, we demonstrate the relevance of biodiversity records developed through citizen-science initiatives generated outside the natural sciences academia. We used a Spanish geographical dictionary from the mid-nineteenth century to compile over 10 000 freshwater fish records, including almost 4 000 brown trout (Salmo trutta) citations, and constructed a historical presence–absence dataset covering over 2 000 10 × 10 km cells, which is comparable to present-day data. There has been a clear reduction in trout range in the past 150 years, coinciding with a generalized warming. We show that current trout distribution can be accurately predicted based on historical records and past and present values of three air temperature variables. The models indicate a consistent decline of average suitability of around 25% between 1850s and 2000s, which is expected to surpass 40% by the 2050s. We stress the largely unexplored potential of historical species records from non-academic sources to open new pathways for long-term global change science., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282173
Dataset. 2015

DATA FROM: DECIPHERING THE ADJUSTMENT BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT AND LIFE HISTORY IN ANNUALS: LESSONS FROM A GEOGRAPHICALLY-EXPLICIT APPROACH IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA

  • Manzano-Piedras, Esperanza
  • Marcer, Arnald
  • Alonso-Blanco, Carlos
  • Picó, F. Xavier
Arabidopsis_data_279accessions_8jan14, The role that different life-history traits may have in the process of adaptation caused by divergent selection can be assessed by using extensive collections of geographically-explicit populations. This is because adaptive phenotypic variation shifts gradually across space as a result of the geographic patterns of variation in environmental selective pressures. Hence, large-scale experiments are needed to identify relevant adaptive life-history traits as well as their relationships with putative selective agents. We conducted a field experiment with 279 geo-referenced accessions of the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana collected across a native region of its distribution range, the Iberian Peninsula. We quantified variation in life-history traits throughout the entire life cycle. We built a geographic information system to generate an environmental data set encompassing climate, vegetation and soil data. We analysed the spatial autocorrelation patterns of environmental variables and life-history traits, as well as the relationship between environmental and phenotypic data. Almost all environmental variables were significantly spatially autocorrelated. By contrast, only two life-history traits, seed weight and flowering time, exhibited significant spatial autocorrelation. Flowering time, and to a lower extent seed weight, were the life-history traits with the highest significant correlation coefficients with environmental factors, in particular with annual mean temperature. In general, individual fitness was higher for accessions with more vigorous seed germination, higher recruitment and later flowering times. Variation in flowering time mediated by temperature appears to be the main life-history trait by which A. thaliana adjusts its life history to the varying Iberian environmental conditions. The use of extensive geographically-explicit data sets obtained from field experiments represents a powerful approach to unravel adaptive patterns of variation. In a context of current global warming, geographically-explicit approaches, evaluating the match between organisms and the environments where they live, may contribute to better assess and predict the consequences of global warming., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282178
Dataset. 2015

DATA FROM: MATRIX COMPOSITION AND PATCH EDGES INFLUENCE PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTIONS IN MARINE LANDSCAPES

  • Pagès, Jordi F.
  • Gera, Alessandro
  • Romero, Javier
  • Alcoverro, Teresa
Data from: Matrix composition and patch edges influence plant-herbivore interactions in marine landscapes Ecological data from seagrass meadows located in the NW Mediterranean Sea. herbivory_seascape.zip, The functioning of ecosystems can be strongly driven by landscape attributes. Despite its importance, however, our understanding of how landscape influences ecosystem function derives mostly from species richness and abundance patterns, with few studies assessing how these relate to actual functional rates. We examined the influence of landscape attributes on the rates of herbivory in seagrass meadows, where herbivory has been identified as a key process structuring these relatively simple systems. The study was conducted in three representative Posidonia oceanica meadows. The principal herbivores in these meadows are the fish Sarpa salpa and the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, and we hypothesised that differences in their interaction with landscape attributes would significantly influence herbivory rates. We measured herbivore abundance, herbivory rates, primary production and plant quality (C:N) in seagrass patches embedded either in rock or in sand (matrix attribute), in patches either near or far from a rocky reef (distance attribute) and at the edges and interior of meadows. Our results show that matrix and meadow edges significantly affected the actual levels of herbivory. Herbivory rates were higher in seagrass patches embedded in a rocky matrix compared to those on sand, and herbivory at the centre of seagrass meadows was higher than at the edges. In contrast, patch distance to rocky reefs did not affect herbivory. Neither herbivore abundance nor food quality explained the patterns across different landscape attributes. This suggests that variation in herbivory across the landscape may be related much more to behavioural differences between species in their evaluation of risk, movement, and food preference in relation to the landscape structure. Our results indicate that richness and abundance patterns may mask critical interactions between landscape attributes and species responses, which result in considerable heterogeneity in the way key functional processes like herbivory are distributed across the ecosystem mosaic., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
oai:digital.csic.es:10261/282181
Dataset. 2015

DATA FROM: DETECTING SLOW INTROGRESSION OF INVASIVE ALLELES IN AN EXTENSIVELY RESTOCKED GAME BIRD

  • Sánchez-Donoso, Inés
  • Huisman, Jisca
  • Echegaray, Jorge
  • Puigcerver, Manel
  • Rodríguez-Teijeiro, José D.
  • Hailer, Frank
  • Vilà, Carles
Genotype data sets Genotypes of the individuals analyzed in Sanchez-Donoso et al., Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2014. Genotypes Dryad_Sanchez-Donoso et al_Frontiers.xlsx, Interbreeding of two species in the wild implies introgression of alleles from one species into the other only when admixed individuals survive and successfully backcross with the parental species. Consequently, estimating the proportion of first generation hybrids in a population may not inform about the evolutionary impact of hybridization. Samples obtained over a long time span may offer a more accurate view of the spreading of introgressed alleles in a species’ gene pool. Common quail (Coturnix coturnix) populations in Europe have been restocked extensively with farm quails of hybrid origin (crosses with Japanese quails, C. japonica). We genetically monitored a common quail population over 15 years to investigate whether genetic introgression is occurring and used simulations to investigate our power to detect it. Our results revealed that some introgression has occurred, but we did not observe a significant increase over time in the proportion of admixed individuals. However, simulations showed that the degree of admixture may be larger than anticipated due to the limited power of analyses over a short time span, and that observed data was compatible with a low rate of introgression, probably resulting from reduced fitness of admixed individuals. Simulations predicted this could result in extensive admixture in the near future., Peer reviewed

Proyecto: //

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