Resultados de investigación

List of primers used in this study for the analysis of gene expression by quantitative RT-PCR, Peer reviewed

Original images of all blots displayed in this study, Peer reviewed

Both the spindle microtubule-organizing centers and the nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are convoluted structures where many signaling pathways converge to coordinate key events during cell division. Interestingly, despite their distinct molecular conformation and overall functions, these structures share common components and collaborate in the regulation of essential processes. We have established a new link between microtubule-organizing centers and nuclear pores in budding yeast by unveiling an interaction between the Bfa1/Bub2 complex, a mitotic exit inhibitor that localizes on the spindle pole bodies, and the Nup159 nucleoporin. Bfa1/Bub2 association with Nup159 is reduced in metaphase to not interfere with proper spindle positioning. However, their interaction is stimulated in anaphase and assists the Nup159-dependent autophagy pathway. The asymmetric localization of Bfa1/Bub2 during mitosis raises the possibility that its interaction with Nup159 could differentially promote Nup159-mediated autophagic processes, which might be relevant for the maintenance of the replicative lifespan., Peer reviewed

Table S1. Results of the PC analysis on relative GR expression across tissues (three main components)., Table S2. Pearson correlation matrix showing the correlations among relative GR expression across the six tissues sampled (N=42) with (A) and without (B) controlling by age at sampling: AMY: amygdala, HP: Hippocampus, NCL: Nidopallium Caudolaterale , HYP: Hypothalamus, VS: Ventral striatum. Relative GR expression values were ln transformed. Correlation coefficients are presented on the left of each cell, and p values on the right. CORT variables were ln-transformed. Significant (p<0.05) and close to significance (p<0.1) correlations are presented in bold. Age was controlled for by obtaining the residuals of relative GR expression on age at sampling., Table S3. Main model testing the effects of nestling mass on relative GR expression. AMY: amygdala, HP: Hippocampus, NCL: Nidopallium Caudolaterale, HYP: Hypothalamus, VS: Ventral striatum. Note that all variables except Tissue were mean-centered for the analysis., Table S4. Model testing the effects of nestling mass on relative GR expression (ln) in adulthood in Amygdala (A), Hippocampus (B), Hypothalamus (C) and Nidopallium Caudolaterale (D). Note that all variables were mean-centered for the analysis., Table S5. Model testing the effects of adult mass on relative GR expression (ln) in Blood (A) and Ventral Striatum (B). Note that all variables but Tissue were mean-centered for the analysis., Table S6. Model testing the effects of compensatory growth (day 100 mass – day 15 mass) on relative GR expression (ln) in Blood (A) and Ventral Striatum (B). Note that all variables but Tissue were mean-centered for the analysis., Peer reviewed

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page S1. General experimental remarks 2 S2. Synthesis and characterization of PEG-Phosphate ligands 5 S3. Synthesis and functionalization of MOF nanoparticles 9 S4. Morphological/structural and compositional characterization of MOFs 10 S5. Doxorubicin loading and characterization 16 S6. Enzyme-triggered release studies 18 S7. Click chemistry on MOF nanoparticles 20 S8. Cell studies 23 S9. References 26, Peer reviewed

[Methods] Data collection In order to identify phylogenetic and environmental correlates of plant mycorrhizal traits, we compiled four data sources: 1) plant species mycorrhizal trait data; 2) plant species occurrence data; 3) global climatic and soil environmental data and 4) plant phylogenetic information. The plant occurrence and environmental data were used to estimate plant species environmental associations. The environmental association data and phylogenetic information were then used to model variations in plant mycorrhizal trait expression (Figure 1). First, plant mycorrhizal trait data were obtained from the most up-to-date literature available, including data published by Harley & Harley (1987, 1990), Wang & Qiu (2006), Hempel et al. (2013), Bueno et al. (2017), Gerz et al. (2018) and Soudzilovskaia et al. (2020). We distinguished four plant mycorrhizal types (arbuscular (AM), ecto- (ECM), orchid (ORM), and ericoid (ERM) mycorrhiza, as defined by Smith & Read (2008)) and three plant mycorrhizal statuses (obligately (OM), facultatively (FM) and non-mycorrhizal (NM)). We compiled plant mycorrhizal trait data for 14,722 taxa at the species level (Appendix S2). Second, plant species occurrence records were retrieved from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF; www.gbif.org) for 13,479 species that were present in both the standardised GBIF species list and the mycorrhizal trait species list. Third, plant occurrence data of 13,479 species were intersected with a 30 arc-seconds (approximately 1 km) global grid, with the presence or absence of each species in each cell recorded. A sensitivity test indicated that sampling 20 grid-cell records produced environmental parameter estimates that were representative of wider distribution areas (Appendix S1); retaining species recorded in ≥ 20 cells left 62,540,387 grid-cell level records for 11,770 species (Appendix S3). Environmental associations were approximated by intersecting the distribution data for each species with a raster stack of 54 environmental data layers (Table S1). Fourth, a phylogenetic tree containing the 11,770 species in our dataset was compiled, and phylogenetic signal in plant mycorrhizal traits was examined using the δ statistic (Borges et al., 2019). See Appendix S1 for details of datasets and data filtering. 710 dual mycorrhizal plant species (AM + ECM) were distinguished (Appendix S2), of which 665 were matched with geographic location information in GBIF. Except where stated otherwise, these species were grouped with ECM plant species in further analyses, reflecting ongoing controversy concerning the definition of dual mycorrhizal plant species (Teste et al., 2020; Brundrett, 2021a) and the fact that the niches of dual mycorrhizal plants most closely resemble those of ECM plants (Gerz et al., 2018)., Mycorrhizal symbioses are known to strongly influence plant performance, structure plant communities and shape ecosystem dynamics. Plant mycorrhizal traits, such as those characterizing mycorrhizal type (arbuscular (AM), ecto-, ericoid, or orchid mycorrhiza) and status (obligately (OM), facultatively (FM), or non-mycorrhizal) offer valuable insight into plant belowground functionality. Here, we compile available plant mycorrhizal trait information and global occurrence data (~100 million records) for 11,770 vascular plant species. Using a plant phylogenetic mega-tree and high-resolution climatic and edaphic data layers, we assess phylogenetic and environmental correlates of plant mycorrhizal traits. We find that plant mycorrhizal type is more phylogenetically conserved than plant mycorrhizal status, while environmental variables (both climatic and edaphic; notably soil texture) explain more variation in mycorrhizal status, especially FM. The previously underestimated role of environmental conditions has far-reaching implications for our understanding of ecosystem functioning under changing climatic and soil conditions., Ramon y Cajal fellowship, Award: RYC2021-032533-I. European Research Council, Project ALFAwetlands. European Commission, Award: Centre of Excellence EcolChange. Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej, Award: PPN/ULM/2019/1/00248/U/00001. Estonian Research Council, Award: PRG1065.Estonian Research Council, Award: PRG1789.Estonian Research Council, Award: PRG741., Peer reviewed

Samples were oven dried (50°C, 24h) upon arrival to the laboratory (<24h). Samples were analyzed in an elemental analyzer (bulk samples, Viana and Bode, 2013, 2015) or a gas chromatograph (derivatized amino acids, Bode et al., 2021) coupled to isotope-ratio mass spectrometers. Empty cells = not determined., The values of natural abundance of stable isotopes were measured in 22 species of macrophytes (18 macroalgae and 4 vascular plants) collected from the intertidal domain in NW Spain (NE Atlantic). This dataset contains the values of natural abundance of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in bulk samples and of nitrogen isotopes in amino acids., Peer reviewed

24 pages. -- Methods. -- Summary of some of the reported vapor-phase processes for the layer-by-layer deposition of MOFs6. -- Synchrotron GIXRD reciprocal space maps of direct ZIF-8 MLD show crystallinity even at a very low number of cycles. -- Vapor pressure determination of 2-methylimidazole (HmIM) via thermogravimetry: Knudsen effusion method. -- Direct ZIF-8 MLD linker exposure times. -- Direct ZIF-8 MLD films on Si are pinhole-free. -- AFM image of a MOF-CVD ZIF-8 “layer”, i.e., scattered crystallites. -- Photograph of a 200 mm wafer with 30 MLD ZIF-8 cycles and the corresponding 100-point ellipsometry thickness mapping. -- Film characterization of direct ZIF-8 MLD with a missing water pulse. -- Effect of no water pulses in direct ZIF-8 MLD. -- Direct ZIF-8 MLD with water completely or partially substituted by methanol. -- Humidified conditions HmIM post-deposition treatment of direct ZIF-8 MLD. -- HAXPES survey scans. -- HAXPES peak fitting. -- Study of aging effect due to exposure to atmospheric gasses. -- Direct ZIF-8 MLD on (100) oriented supercrystals. -- ZIF-67 crystals powder characterization. -- SEM images ZIF-67. -- Direct ZIF-8 MLD schematic representation of the protocol. -- Two-step ZIF-8 MLD schematic representation of the protocol. -- The optimized temperature gradient in the MOF-MLD reactor. -- MOF-MLD optimization of the temperature gradient. -- Ellipsometry of HmIM post-deposition treatment and activation in two-step ZIF-8 MLD. -- Ellipsometric porosimetry as a function of time. -- Supporting Information References., Vapor-phase film deposition of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) would facilitate the integration of these materials into electronic devices. We studied the vapor-phase layer-by-layer deposition of zeolitic imidazolate framework 8 (ZIF-8) by consecutive, self-saturating reactions of diethyl zinc, water, and 2-methylimidazole on a substrate. Two approaches were compared: (1) Direct ZIF-8 “molecular layer deposition” (MLD), which enables a nanometer-resolution thickness control and employs only self-saturating reactions, resulting in smooth films that are crystalline as-deposited, and (2) two-step ZIF-8 MLD, in which crystallization occurs during a postdeposition treatment with additional linker vapor. The latter approach resulted in a reduced deposition time and an improved MOF quality, i.e., increased crystallinity and probe molecule uptake, although the smoothness and thickness control were partially lost. Both approaches were developed in a modified atomic layer deposition reactor to ensure cleanroom compatibility., Peer reviewed

30 pages. -- S1.1. Photonic band structure. -- S1.2. Disorder-induced localization. -- S.2. Sample fabrication. -- S3.1. Far-field imaging. -- S3.2. Mode volume estimation. -- S4.1. Phase matching consideration. -- S4.2. Experimental setup. -- S4.3. Group index extraction. -- S4.4. Transmission fluctuations and dimensionless conductance. -- S4.5. Quality factor distributions. -- S5. Mechanical spectroscopy. -- S6. Optomechanical coupling., Supplementary material with stadistical analysis of the localization length, the quality-factors, the mode volumes and the optomechanical coupling rates., Peer reviewed

14 pages. -- The supplementary material presents: I-Calculation of the orbital Hall conductivity: computational details. -- II-Calculation of the orbital Weighted Berry Curvature and Electronic Spectra. -- III- Tables for 2H-TMDs and plots for or all analysed materials. -- IV- Tables for 1T-TMDs and plots for all analysed materials. -- V-Connection between higher order topological insulators and orbital Hall effect in a low energy model. -- VI-Connection between higher-order topological insulators and orbital Hall effect in a multi-orbital triangular lattice for 2H-TMDs., Peer reviewed