BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

CONSOLIDER-MALASPINA-2 Cruise (29SG20110127) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Expedition within the Malaspina project. The expedition will navigate through a section of the ocean that runs along the 24º North parallel. The objective is to collect samples that predict more about climate change. The team of researchers has traveled the 24º North parallel and has measured the temperature, salinity, oxygen, alkalinity and the PH of the ocean, among other parameters. This latitude has been chosen because the heat flow that transports the Atlantic Ocean to the north is maximum. "Any variation in heat transport has very important consequences on the climate of the European continent,"

GEOSTAR-2 Cruise (29SG20110530) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Recovery of the GEOSTAR Observatory deployed in 2009

ANTROMARE-3 Cruise (29SG20110616) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, ANTROMARE will incides in the natural variability and in the main factors induced by human activities (impacts derived from global warming, impact of trawling, pollution) in the deep sea ecosystems of the Mediterranean, with the aim of determining the parameters that may be more important in the changes experienced in the ecosystem. The high environmental stability of these floors in comparison with the littoral zones, especially below the 1000 m depth where they are intended to work, make them an optimal scenario for the study of the human impact on diversity. Antromare proposes considering different spatio-temporal scales, depending on the nature of the impact to be followed. The present project will address several key problems in relation to the anthropogenic impact of the marine environment:1) long-term temporal variability in the Mediterranean deep sea communities, and their relationship with climatic and hydrographic factors; 2) the impact of trawling on diversity in a vulnerable habitat such as the isidella elongata facies, with implications for the knowledge and protection of a potential marine protected area; 3) the incidence of pollution on the health status of species and ecosystems (parasitism, pathologies), within which the effects of pollutants on the environment (case of biomarkers of pollution) at great depth and in fauna is especially important (the bentopelagic or suprabenths) that seems especially susceptible to this contamination in the trophic networks of great depth (based on the first results of the biomare project, in course by the same team of the present application). The aim is to identify the possible connections between contamination and biological responses (histological alterations, changes in diet and degree of parasitic infestation). that is, to influence the state of the ecosystems in relation to exposure to pollutants / activities of anthropogenic origin, without ignoring the dynamics of the communities themselves. To cover these objectives, a multidisciplinary approach is planned that will cover the following activities: 1) sampling of deep mega and macro fauna communities, after ca. 20 years, in the same area, with identical methods, as well as the monitoring of series of catches for some key deep sea species and oceanographic / climatological data; 2) determination of the natural variability of the physical parameters (temperature, salinity, particles in suspension, etc.) and trophic (labile organic matter, pigments) of the water column and sediment, with special emphasis on the water-sediment interface ; 3) determination of the presence of contaminants (pcbs, ddts, heavy metals) in sediments and / or organisms in the study areas; 4) evaluation of biomarkers of effect at the cellular and physiological level through cytohistological and parasitological studies of the populations; 5) determination of changes at the ecosystem level (diversity, specific wealth, etc.); and 6) construction of models (eg mlrs, glms, anovas) or application of multivariate techniques that allow to correlate / test among them all the indicators observed in the study habitats to establish which are the variables that explain or indicate with greater reliability the state of alteration / degradation of the medium

PROMARES Cruise (29SG20110630) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, The PROMARES-OASIS DEL MAR cruise will focus on identification operations, underwater cartography and analysis of the nature of the seabed, and will study the sedimentary structures, the benthic communities and the impact of human activity on the submarine canyons and the slope of the continental margin of the Catalan coast, especially the submarine canyons of Cape Creus, Palamós and Blanes. Will study the different dynamic processes that take place in the submarine canyons and adjacent slopes, especially the phenomena linked to extreme storms and the cascading processes of dense platform waters in the north-western Mediterranean, up to 2,000 meters deep. Is the first scientific campaign of the Liropus 2000 (with aticulated arm to take samples, It can also absorb sediment with suction pumps ), a remote controlled scientific submarine vehicle (remotely operated vehicle, ROV) of the IEO

DERIVA Cruise (29SG20110716) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Recent Sedimentary Dynamics in the Gulf of Valencia: Factors that control the Interaction between the Internal Platform and the Litoral, DERIVA . High-resolution seismic profiles were obtained with the TOPAS parametric probe operating with two frequencies 0.75 kHz and 15.5 kHz, with vertical centimeter resolution in the Gulf of Valencia

CONTOURIBER-2 Cruise (29SG20110726) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Depositional outline systems generated by Mediterranean water around the Iberian Peninsula: trends and enviaronmental implications.Objectives, 1. Characterize geological structures of the continental margin and how influence (and have influenced the past) in the circulation of water bodies. 2. Map, some for the first time, and determine how the contornitic deposits generated by the influence of Mediterranean water bodies are built 3. Determine its evolution in each one of the zones to reconstruct the climatic variations and sea level and how they influence marine circulation , past and present. 4. Know the implications of the water masses on the seabed, both in the presence of mineral resources, as on the development of specific geohabitats

BURATO-1_LEG1 Cruise (29SG20110814) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Geophysical survey in the Western continental Galicia margin in the scope of a research project to investigate a giant pockmark discovered in this margin, known as the Gran Burato. Sediment sampling (Piston corer ) , seafloor sampling (Bou de Varas) and Rovexploration (with articulated arm to take samples)

BURATO-2_LEG2 Cruise (29SG20110829) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Geophysical survey in the Western continental Galicia margin in the scope of a research project to investigate a giant pockmark discovered in this margin, known as the Gran Burato. ROV exploration (with articulated arm to take samples) , geological (piston, box and multicorer) and biological sampling (bou the varas) of the Gran Burato area. General benthos and seafloor

BURATO-3_LEG3 Cruise (29SG20110906) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Geological (piston, box and multicorer) and biological sampling (bou de varas) of the Gran Burato area. General benthos and seafloor. Hydrates preservation

TOPOMED-GASSIS_LEG1 Cruise (29SG20111003) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, The TOPOMED is a Collaborative Research Project is based in the characterization of the lithospheric structure of the Gibraltar Arc region, including the Gulf of Cadiz and Alboran Sea, and the syudy of the resulting effects in the relief. Within the TOPOMED national project, GASSIS (Gibraltar Arc System Seismic Investigations Survey) is the first of two cruises that will be carried out in the South Iberian Margin. The TOPOMED-GASSIS cruise has been has been successfully accomplished onboard the R/V Sarmiento de Gamboa, from the 3rd to the 17th October (Leg 1) leaded by E. Gràcia and R. Bartolomé (UTM-CSIC) and from 18th to 29th October (Leg 2) leaded by C.R. Ranero (ICREA/ICM-CSIC). In addition to the seismic imaging of active faults and large structures of the South Iberian Margins, the TOPOMED-GASSIS cruise also included the implementation of new cutting edge marine seismic instrumentation (> 3.7 km streamer). Thus, Leg 1 team departed from Vigo on the 27th September and tests along the Galician and Huelva coasts were carried out until the 2nd October included. The tests included the deployment and recovery operations of a 5.3 km streamer and one seismic array of > 3000 c.i. Two test lines were shot and quality control was carried out by the Leg 1 scientific party. Failures detected (i.e. low winch speed and problems with the winch break) were solved on board before the start of the cruise with the help of a specialized engineer who embarked for a day. The main aim of the cruise is to characterize the crustal and upper mantle structure of the South Iberian Margin. We focused on: a) the investigation of shallow processes (i.e. active faults, fluid venting, mass fluxes) and b) the imaging and characterization of the deep crustal and mantle structure of the area. These objectives could only be achieved by using the acoustic and new MCS instrumentation of the Spanish RV Sarmiento de Gamboa, which has provided unprecedented quality of data in the region. The data will permit to efficiently attenuate the seafloor multiple energy, and to use state of the art processing and imaging techniques to obtain the deep tectonic structure of the margin. To accomplish this goal we have used up to two high volume G-gun arrays and up to 6 km long Sercel multichannel digital streamer (480 channels) towed behind the vessel at a survey speed of 4.5-5 knots. Simultaneously to the seismic survey, we have used the hull mounted swath-bathymetry system to map unsurveyed areas, the hull mounted sub-bottom profiler Parasound to image the shallow sediments 0-100 m below the seafloor, a hull-mounted gravimeter and a shallowtowed magnetometer