BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Additional file 6. Peer review history., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación Fundación CajaCanarias Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades., Peer reviewed

These data are associated with the population genomic analyses in Decroly et al. (2024)., Natural selection is less efficient in the absence of recombination. As a result, non-recombining sequences, such as sex chromosomes, tend to degenerate over time. Although the outcomes of recombination arrest are typically observed after many millions of generations, recent neo-sex chromosomes can give insight into the early stages of this process. Here we investigate the evolution of neo-sex chromosomes in the Spanish marbled white butterfly, Melanargia ines, where a Z-autosome fusion has turned the homologous autosome into a non-recombining neo-W chromosome. We show that these neo-sex chromosomes are likely limited to the Iberian population of M. ines, and that they arose around the time when this population split from North-African populations, around 1.5 million years ago. Recombination arrest of the neo-W chromosome has led to an excess of premature stop codons and frameshift mutations, and reduced gene expression compared to the neo-Z chromosome. Surprisingly, we identified two regions of 1 Mb at one end of the neo-W that are both less diverged from the neo-Z and less degraded than the rest of the chromosome, suggesting a history of rare but repeated genetic exchange between the two neo-sex chromosomes. These plateaus of neo-sex chromosome divergence suggest that neo-W degradation can be locally reversed by rare recombination between neo-W and neo-Z chromosomes., European Research Council, ModelGenomLand., Peer reviewed

Copies of 1H and 13C NMR spectra of all new species; UV-VIS Absorption and emission spectra of all new species; Table S1: Crystal data and structure refinement for 1c; Table S2: Bond distances (Å) and angles (°) for 1c; Table S3: Crystal data and structure refinement for 2b; Table S4. Bond distances (Å) and angles (°) for 2b; ORTEP drawings of the contents of the asymmetric part of the unit cell of 2b., Peer reviewed

Figures S1–S12: 1H, 31P{1H} and HSQC NMR spectra of heteronuclear complexes, Figure S13: 1H NMR spectra of complex 3 at different temperatures, Figures S14–S16: Cell viability, Figure S17. Density plots from the analysis of Caco-2/TC7 and Caco-2/PD7 cells, Figures S18 and S20. Electronic absorption spectra of complex 1,2 in the absence and the presence of ct-DNA, Figures S19 and S21. Plot of [DNA]/[εa − εf] vs. [DNA]. Figure S22. Stern−Volmer plots. Figure S23. Representation of the modified Stern−Volmer plot., Peer reviewed

Schemes of colorimetric assays and spatial distribution, supporting CLSM images, SDS-PAGE, 30 mL-scale batch reaction, 1H NMRs of products, UV–vis spectra, and raw data of colocalization studies and green metric analysis., Peer reviewed

1D and 2D NMR spectra for all compounds; IR spectra for cationic 4 and 5., Peer reviewed

MD simulation, chemical synthesis, STD NMR studies, and biochemical studies., Peer reviewed

Complete NBO results and Cartesian coordinates of all optimized systems., Peer reviewed

[Description of methods used for collection/generation of data] Collection and selection of ceramic samples: More than 6000 sherds were collected from both the excavation and the survey, with approximately 3700 diagnostic sherds coming from the survey and 325 diagnostic sherds from the excavations. The majority of these sherds are medium coarse and coarse ware with lower numbers of comb-impressed pottery, porcelain and as well as more than 500 Bahla ware sherds. From the latter, 32 sherds (10 from excavation contexts, 22 surface material collected during the surveys) were chosen for scientific analyses. Petrography: All 32 samples were subjected to petrographic analysis. Petrographic analysis was used to determine the petrological and mineralogical composition of the ceramic fabrics, as well as their texture. For the analysis of the samples with ceramic petrography, small sherds were taken from each sample and prepared as thin sections in the laboratories of the School of Archaeology and Ancient History at the University of Leicester (UK) . The thin sections were then analysed on a microscope with a polariser, a ZEISS AXIOSCOPE 5 POL, in the same laboratories. Images were collected with a ZEISS AXIOCAM 208. Chemical analysis: The chemical analysis of ceramics aimed to determine the chemical composition of the ceramic bodies of a sub-set of 28 samples. It was determined with wavelength dispersive X-ray fluoresce (WD-XRF) analysis, conducted at the Fitch Laboratory of the British school at Athens. The analysis was carried out on a BRUKER S8 TIGER with a 4kW Rh X-ray tube instrument. All details regarding this instrument can be found in the paper Georgakopoulou, M., Hein, A., Müller, N., & Kiriatzi, E. 2017. Development and calibration of a WDXRF routine applied to provenance studies on archaeological ceramics. X-Ray Spectrometry 46(3): 186–199 SEM-EDS: A subset of 15 samples was subjected to scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS). This was used for the chemical analysis of glazes and ceramics as well as and high-resolution imaging. The SEM instrument Zeiss EVO 15 that operates with an attached EDS Oxford Instruments Ultim Max EDS with a 65 SSD detector was used at the Archaeological Science Laboratories of the Cyprus Institute. The analysis was run in high vacuum conditions, at an accelerated voltage of 20 kV, working distance 8.50 mm, process time 4 and acquisition time 30s livetime., [Methods for processing the data] Petrography: Fabrics were described according to a methodology of analysis and grouping developed in Whitbread, I.K. 1995. Greek transport amphorae, a petrological and archaeological study. Fitch Laboratory Occasional Paper, 4. Athens: British School at Athens; Whitbread, I.K. 2001. Ceramic petrology, clay geochemistry and ceramic production – from technology to the mind of the potter. Pages 449-459 in D.R. Brothwell & A.M. Pollard (eds), Handbook of archaeological sciences. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; Quinn, P.S. 2022. Thin section petrography, geochemistry & scanning electron microscopy of archaeological ceramics. Oxford: Archaeopress. Chemical analysis: Table CHEM1 provides raw data. SEM-EDS: Data presented in Tables SEM1-4 are given in the form of mean and standard deviation for each sample, calculated based on at least 3 measurements (for each sample the number of measurements is given in parenthesis)., This is a dataset coming from the analysis of 32 Bahla ware sherds collected in archaeological activities (survey and excavation) in Central Oman, with an extended chronology of 15 to 20th centuries. The dataset includes petrographic analysis of ceramic bodies and glazes (microphotographs and fabric descriptions), WD-XRF chemical analysis of bodies (table with raw chemical data) and SEM-EDS analysis of ceramic bodies and glazes (tables with processed data, images)., Lost Cities Project, Gerda Henkel Foundation (AZ 05/LC/19). School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester (preparation of thin sections for petrography and analysis). A.G. Leventis Foundation (preparation of polished blocks and SEM-EDS analysis)., Zivkovic et al README: this file Zivkovic et al 1 Petrography fabric: simple text description Zivkovic et al 1 Petrographic images list and captions CSV: list of captions in CSV file Zivkovic et al 1 Petrographic images list and captions XCL: list of captions in Excel file Zivkovic et al 1 Petrography microimages: ZIP file contianing all petrographic images and associated metadata Zivkovic et al 2 Chemical Analysis Caption Table: Caption in simple text Zivkovic et al 2 Table CHEM1 XCL: Table of chemical data in Excel file Zivkovic et al 2 TABLE CHEM1 CSV: Table of chemical data in CSV file Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Captions: Captions of SEM-EDS Tables in simple text Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS figs: ZIP File containing all images of SEM-EDS Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Table 1 XCL: Table of SEM_EDS data in Excel file Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Table 2 XCL: Table of SEM_EDS data in Excel file Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Table 3 XCL: Table of SEM_EDS data in Excel file Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Table 4 XCL: Table of SEM_EDS data in Excel file Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Table 1 CSV: Table of SEM_EDS data in CSV file Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Table 2 CSV: Table of SEM_EDS data in CSV file Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Table 3 CSV: Table of SEM_EDS data in CSV file Zivkovic et al 3 SEM-EDS Table 4 CSV: Table of SEM_EDS data in CSV file, Peer reviewed

Synthesis details and ligand exchange protocol for AuNRs and AuSs; schematic demonstrating the experimental setup; UV–vis–NIR, TEM measurements for AuSs and AuNR, and control experiments., Peer reviewed