BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

TASMANDRAKE Cruise (29HE20180111) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2018, The general objective of the TASMANDRAKE project is the study of the onset and evolution of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC). Taking into account the allowed period and that the capabilities of the geophysical equipment on board cannot image the deep structures and sediments, the cruise cannot fulfill the objectives of the TASMANDRAKE Project pertaining to the opening of gateways and onset of the ACC. We have therefore developed and alternative plan for the DRAKE2018 cruise that will allow us to collect mid-penetration to shallow data from the southern Drake-Scotia area (58ºS/62ºS and 60ºW/50ºW) and the South Orkney Shelf (60ºS/63ºS and 50ºW/40ºW). With this kind of capabilities we target those objectives of the TASMANDRAKE Project dealing with: 1) the evolution of the ACC during the Pleistocene and the Holocene; and 2) near-surface structure of continental blocks (i.e., the South Orkney micro-continent and the platform surrounding Elephant Island) and age of the older oceanic crust in Drake Passage. The proposed work is aimed to help land- ocean correlations between the stratigraphy of Seymour/Marambio Island and Ocean Drilling Project Site 696, in order to better understand the break-up and paleogeographic evolution of these continental blocks. The proposed marine surveys will consist in the execution of predefined transects along which geophysical data will be collected. In addition, we expect to collect sediment cores in specific sites, in order to groundtruth seismic facies with sediment information and provide age constrains of the most recent (Quaternary-Pliocene) units

BRAVOSEIS-GALILEO-2018 Cruise (29HE20180217) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2018, Bravoseis and Galileo-IHM. Bravoseis: Seismological study of the submarine volcanoes of the Bransfield Strait (Antarctica): geodynamic environment, tectonic activity, local structure and earthquake-volcanic activity. The aim of Galileo-IHM project is to record and study the signal received from the Galileo satellites in high latitude, and more precisely in the Antarctic, where there is more satellites available. This is the third survey of this project that ends in 2018. The main interest is focused in the Public Regulated Service (PRS) although the Open Service (OS) signal was observed too

RETRO-ERZ Cruise (29HE20180426) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2018, The main objective of this cruise was to study in detail the area of interaction between the western border current NBC (North Brazil Current) and the zonal current EUC (Equatorial UnderCurrent). Traffic maps acquired from numeric models and dynamic height satellite images helped locate the retroflection of NBC and the origin of the EUC. The region was sampled by the SeaSoar CTD undolutor, CTD + Rosette + LADCP and the microstructure profiler. The dynamic field of the study area was observed through the ADCP, distribution of the currents at 80 meters depth

ARIOS Cruise (29MY20180115) carried out on the Research Vessel Mytilus in 2018, ARIOS: Acidification in the estuaries and Iberian oceanic platform

UVIGO Cruise (29MY20180201) carried out on the Research Vessel Mytilus in 2018, Training of the students of the University of Vigo

CALECO Cruise (29MY20180522) carried out on the Research Vessel Mytilus in 2018, CALECO: Demography and trophic relationships of squid larvae in an oceanographic upwelling area: towards an ecosystem approach to the management of this resource

ROAGA Cruise (29MY20181004) carried out on the Research Vessel Mytilus in 2018, Environmental Observation Network of Galicia (ROAGA) Xunta de Galicia

INSIGHT_LEG1 Cruise (29SG20180429) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2018, ImagiNg large SeismogenIc and tsunamiGenic structures of the Gulf of Cadiz with ultra-Highresolution Technologies. The general objective of the INSIGHT-Leg 1 cruise is to image and characterize, with the highest possible resolution, selected active seismogenic faults, large slope failures and investigate their relation with fluid seepage (mud volcanoes and salt diapirs) in the Gulf of Cadiz. The large-scale features of most of these elements, such as fault systems and slope failures have been previously mapped and characterized during recent projects. These structures may also represent a seismic and tsunamigenic hazard for the surrounding coasts of South Iberia and North Africa. The aims of the cruise are twofold: a) To characterize at the highest resolution selected active seismogenic faults located in the Gulf of Cadiz, such as the Marques de Pombal Thrust-fault, and the Lineament South characterized by the presence of fluid seepage to the seafloor (i.e. active mud volcanoes); b) To image with unprecedented resolution the seismic structure of mass movements often associated to active faults and presence of active fluid seepage, such as the Marques de Pombal slide-complex, the Ginsburg mud volcano and the Lolita salt diapir. We have been allocated 15 days of shiptime in April-May 2018 on board the Spanish RV “Sarmiento de Gamboa” to carry out a first ultra-high-resolution study of active faults and slope failures in the Gulf of Cadiz. We used the Autonomous Underwater Vehicle “Abyss” from GEOMAR-Kiel (Germany) and a 2D-high-resolution seismic system, composed of a 450 m long streamer and a 930 c.i. airgun array. During the cruise, we also acquired swath-bathymetry, parametric sub-bottom profiler and sediment sampling (coring)

BATHYPELAGIC Cruise (29SG20180524) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2018, The main objective of the Project is to estimate the active flux towards bathypelagic waters (carbon sequestration) with a global perspective. We propose a cruise during summer 2018 covering the subtropical and temperate zones of the Atlantic Ocean . Nine 48 h oceanographic stations will be performed along a transect from the Canary Islands to Reykjavik in Iceland. Oceanographic features will be studied thought CTD-rosette casts perfomed in all the stations, and plankton and micronekton abundances and distribution patterns will be analyzed through samples taken from the neuston to the bathypelagic zone. Exported at the mesopelagic and sequestered carbon at the bathypelagic zone by active flux will be assessed in zooplankton and micronekton. Knowledge of the sequestration due to the pelagic fauna is a gap in the study of the biological pump in the ocean. Carbon reaching the base of the permanent pycnocline will remain at depth during a long period (>100 years) and the role of zooplankton and micronekton in sequestering carbon has not been evaluated yet. This project will be the first estimation of these fluxes. Acoustic data will be recorded along the transect and in all the oceanographic stations, which combined with the information obtained from the Acoustic Zooplankton Fish Profiler (AZFP) and video cameras attached to the rosette sampler will allow a complete acoustic and visual picture of plankton and micronekton layers . The use of different nets (Mocnees and Mesopelagos or MOHT) to obtain the ground truth will give an insight into the overall biomass of these communities. Calibration of echosounders will be performed leeward of Gran Canaria Island, a suitable place (calm and deep) for this work

FRAME-MCS Cruise (29SG20180708) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2018, The nature and spatial distribution of geological domains across rifted continental margins are used to infer the processes that governed the formation of the system. Current conventional wisdom states that continental rifted margins formed away from the influence of hot-spots are systematically characterized by a spatial distribution of domains that implies a temporal sequence of geological events. The current paradigm proposes that extension of continental lithosphere causes thinning and break up of the crust leading to exhumation of the underlying mantle, followed by enough melting of the asthenosphere to form a spreading center. This widely accepted conceptual model is greatly influenced by past work in the West Iberia Margin, that is the model example of magma-poor rifted margins. However, the interpretation of the characteristics of the geological domains of the West Iberia Margin, including their nature (continental crust, synrift magmatism, oceanic crust etc), spatial distribution (e.g. width) and geometrical relationships (e.g. which occurred first) are for most of the region constrained by a few profiles of old-vintage, low-resolution geophysical data and locally restricted ground-truthing information. Based on our recent work, we propose that a considerable body of knowledge of the structure of the West Iberia continental margin needs to be updated with modern higher-resolution geophysical data, and the use of state-of-art methodologies to produce accurate quantifiable observations. Our recent work in the Gulf-of-Cadiz segment of the West Iberia Margin has shown that existing vintage data there provide ambiguous information, that cannot realistically constrain basement nature. Further, our work in the Tyrrhenian basin using several transects of modern seismic data has shown that the sequence of events accepted for the formation of rifted margins does not always apply, because there magmatic crust was formed before mantle exhumation. Therefore, a first main objective of this proposal is to collect, process, model with leading-edge methods and interpret several transects of geophysical data in key areas of the West Iberia Margin resulting from the separation of America from Iberia and African plates. Using those highly improved observation we aim at updating the characteristics of the geological domains of the rifted margin and refining existing conceptual models. As the second main objective of this proposal, we aim at analyzing the lithospheric-scale structures defined by the contacts among geological domains in the current kinematic framework of the region, where Africa and Iberian (Eurasian) plates are starting to collide. The Gulf-of-Cadiz segment of the West Iberia Margin is currently possibly entering into a new part of the Wilson cycle, in which structures formed by lithospheric deformation during basin opening are being re-activated with a different slip vector. The >100 Ma lithosphere is thick and lithospheric-scale faulting poses a major (albeit poorly studied and understood) hazard in the region. We aim at expanding our previous pilot work identifying and characterizing major lithospheric-scale boundaries, currently active and potentially capable of generating great seismic event of a magnitude similar to the catastrophic 1755 Lisbon earthquake and associated tsunami