BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

E-DOVETAIL Cruise (29HE19980210) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1998, The oceanographic campaign E-DOVETAIL (HE47) carried out by BIO Hesperides in January-February 1998 is part of the international project "Deep Ocean Ventilation Through Antartic Intermediate Layers (DEVOTAIL)". The general purpose of the project is to study the distribution of the intermediate water masses formed in the Wedell Sea to the ventilation of the planet's abyssal depths and how this export is carried out through the Wedell-Scotia Confluence. Specific objectives: 1) Determine the quantity and physical-chemical characteristics of the Wedell Sea water that act as a source for the Wedell confluence -Scotia. 2) Observe and describe the dominant physical processes associated with subsidence and scattering of dense Antarctic waters at the Wedell-Scotia confluence. 3) Estimate the rate of ventilation of the global ocean through the Wedell-Scotia Confluence. 4) Estimate the variability of hydraulic transport and hydrographic structure in the study area, and establish its possible influence on oceanic ventilation rates. 5) Study of the distribution of phytoplanktonic communities in frontal zones. Characterization and estimation of the distribution of photosynthetic pigments by liquid chromatography. Estimation of phytoplankton abundance by microscopic counts and flow cytometry. 6) Study of the presence, distribution, the specific composition of the meso- and macrozzoplankton in relation to the water masses. Analysis of the association of the different existing groups, depth changes and nictimersal migrations. Studies of growth, physiology and trophic relationships of fish larvae, 7) Study of the distribution and remineralization of dissolved organic carbon (COD) and particulate organic carbon (COP) in the water column, and the influence of formed water in the Wedell Sea in the COD transport. 8) Performing metabolism experiments (production and respiration) in fotoplankton by incubations on board in situ. Calculation of photosynthetic and respiratory quotients, and COD exudation rates

MATER-1 Cruise (29HE19980420) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1998, The oceanographic campaign MATER -1 is part of the Mediterranean project Mediterranean Targeted Project II - Mass Transfer and Ecosystem Reponse. This project considers one of the areas of greatest interest of the Mediterranean oceanography, the Alboran Sea. The objectives of the campaign are the multidisciplinary and high resolution study, both temporal and spatial. This campaign is the main core of the experiment on high frequency flows (High Frequency Flux Experiment, HFFE Alborán). The interactions between the mesoscale hydrological structures and the presence of gyres in Atlantic waters associated with strong gradients between the Atlantic and Mediterranean waters produce the appearance of areas of high relative productivity. The biogeochemical characterization, from the surface to the benthic layers, of these zones with a resolution of days weeks will allow us to observe the relationships between the pelagic systems, the flows of matter and the bentonic response to them

MATER-2 Cruise (29HE19980518) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1998, Mass Transfer and Ecosystem Response (MATER). MATER is a project involving 50 research teams from 15 European countries. Through extensive experimental work and physical and ecological modeling, MATER addresses the comprehensive study of the Mediterranean with the following global objectives: -To study and quantify the processes that trigger and control the transfer of mass and energy between the different compartments of the Mediterranean system, and in different environments.- To evaluate the temporal and spatial scales of phenomena in certain structures and regions of the Mediterranean.- To investigate the ecosystem response to these transfers and their evolution over time

AZORES-1 Cruise (29HE19980727) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1998, Canarias Azores Gibraltar Observations (CANIGO). The Azores Current (AC) is one of the most important flows towards the Eastern Boundary of the North Atlantic, feeds the coastal upwelling of NW Africa and the Western Iberian Peninsula. This current flows east-southeast (110º) between 33-36 º N. The general objective of the cruise is to quantify the transport of salt, heat, nutrients, inorganic and organic carbon (dissolved and particulate), and to study its biological and optical implications, from the area formation of the AC close to Middle Alantic Ridge, to its dispersion and weakening in the Canary -Madeira region. The specific objectives: 1) To characterise the main physical features. Descripction and quantification of the flow associate to the AC, its counterflows and cold and warm ediies. 2) To mesure the vertical and horizontal transport of carbon and nutrients. Evaluatio of vertical carbon flux by sediment traps and the carbon dioxide air-sea exchange by measuring the sea surface atmospheric CO2 partial pressure. 3) To chemically characterise water masses, specially those transported by the AC and the Mediterranean water . It will allow to estimate the anthropogenic CO2 retained by water massess during ventilation processes. 4) To determine the spatial variability of phytoplankton ohotosynthetic parameters and ots relation with the natural light spectra. 5) To determinate the optical properties of the water column in the AC and its hydrological structures in relation to the chemical compounds and the plankton comnposition and activity. 6) To determine the bacteria activity and its influence on the remineralisation of organic matter. 7) To evaluate the importance of zooplankton migration as active transport of particulate matter below the photic zone as well as its contribution to tal carbon export to deep layers

ZEE-1998 Cruise (29HE19980908) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1998, 1998 Exclusive Economic Zone cruise. Hydrographic-Oceanographic Research Plan of the Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone

DHARMA Cruise (29HE19981206) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1998, Diversity, heterotrophy, autotrophy and relationships between Antarctic organisms (DHARMA). The main objectives of the campaign are: 1) To obtain a database with modern techniques that allow us to build more precise predictive models on the abundance and activity of the microbial plankton. 2) Occupy the WOCE SR 1b transect. 3) Analyze the diversity of microbial communities, especially bacteria, through multiple molecular techniques. 4) Analyze the effects of temperature on the different activities of the microbial planctob: incorporation of CO2, bacteriovoria, enzymatic activities, photosynthate excretion, bacterial production. During the campaign several moorings have been collected from other projects

MATER-8 Cruise (29GD19980320) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 1998, Mass transfer and Ecosystem response

QUIMERA-2 Cruise (29GD19980507) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 1998, To study the body size tendencies within and among species in the deep-sea of the western Mediterranean

FLUXALB-II Cruise (29GD19980515) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 1998, During the campaign, 3 moorings will be recovered and reinstalled with sediment traps, correntímeters and transmisometers. Will be made 2 profiles of 6 points taking samples of water of large volume (30L). Three transects of CTD will be realized with a total of 60 stations, taking samples of water with niskin bottles installed in rosette of 12 bottles .Pattern of atmospheric particulate material .Meteorological conditions registration

DOÑANA Cruise (29GD19980519) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 1998, Contamination in the bottom and suspended sediments of the Guadalquivir estuary after the Aznalcollar spill (south-western Spain)