BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

This paper investigates the lexical items used in online automobile advertising to characterize the motorcar as a luxury product. The main questions examined are, firstly, how certain words are interpreted as denoting luxury concepts by potential readers, and, secondly, whether luxury and non-luxury marques differ in the use of these units. The issues here are addressed from a double theoretical framework: a theory of luxury, which allows for the identification and classification of the...

The present study aimed at exploring how research article writers from two academic disciplines exploit phrasal complexity features (PCFs) to verbalize the results sections of research articles with the eventual aim of assisting advanced EFL writers with their composition strategies. To this end, following a manual search, 200 empirical research articles in the fields of Applied Linguistics and Physics were comparatively examined. Due to the low rate of success of tagging programs in...

This theoretical paper first explores how English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) teachers’ beliefs impact their delivery of textbook content. In response to this important pedagogical relationship, as well as the trend of de-contextualized teaching in EFL settings, this paper argues for the compatibility of systemic functional linguistics (SFL) as an intervention tool to shape teachers’ beliefs and facilitate their deconstruction of textbook content in terms of the co-play between language form (i...

This study adopted social network analysis (SNA) as a theoretical framework and methodological approach to understand the collective agency of a multilingual team of eight language teachers during their research practice in a Chinese university. As being guided by SNA that focuses on identifying social relationships and their impact, we used questionnaires and qualitative interviews to collect data and examine the emergence of collective agency. The data analysis revealed that the participants...

The study extends our understanding of the relationship between identity and Arabic learning in the Chinese context from a sociolinguistic perspective. Drawing on Darvin and Norton’s (2015) model of investment, the study explores the interplay between identity and investment in the context of Chinese learners’ motivation to learn Arabic. The sample population comprises 25 adult Arabic learners with Chinese as their first language, English as their second language, and Arabic as their third...

Understanding teachers’ beliefs is critical to improving educational practice. There is a significant need for research on foreign language teachers’ pedagogical beliefs, as these can exert an influence on students’ learning outcomes. This study draws on Kember’s (1997) theorization of teaching beliefs to explore the beliefs of Spanish language teachers regarding their pedagogy in Chinese universities. Twenty teachers from the Spanish departments in eight Chinese universities were recruited as...

This study draws on the model of language learning investment to explore China’s LOTE (Languages Other than English) students’ learning motivation. Data collected through in-depth interviews with 35 university students were analyzed in an inductive way. The findings show that: (1) the participants invested in learning LOTEs because they had enough affordances (resources applicable to LOTE learning) and/or perceived target language-related benefits (economic, cultural or social ones) from LOTE...

Abstract. Research into pedagogical translanguaging in second/foreign language education has largely been focused on the interplay between two languages, one of which is usually English. Little attention has been paid to the practice of trilingual translanguaging (translanguaging between three languages), and how this can be helpful in the acquisition of a third language. This study, conducted in two Spanish as a third language classrooms in a Chinese university, aims to explore teachers’...

This study investigated the correlation between Creativity and Language Achievement (LA) among Iranian EFL learners (n=138) from three different Iranian universities. Learners were invited through census sampling technique to participate in the study. General English questions (adapted from university entrance exam) and Self-report Creativity Test designed by Rand Sip et al. (1979) were employed for collecting data on LA and creativity, respectively. Questionnaires were distributed among the...

Drawing on a what is known as corpus-assisted discourse study (CADS) approach (Baker et al., 2008), this article will research the construction of different identities by means of the language used in two newspaper articles on Brexit from the Spanish El País and the British The Guardian, to examine how these identities are constructed through media discourse at the time following the Brexit referendum (2016-2018). Media discourse surrounding Brexit is examined under the consideration of media..., Partiendo de la perspectiva de los estudios del discurso asistido por corpus (Baker et al., 2008), este artículo investigará la construcción de diferentes identidades mediante el lenguaje utilizado sobre el Brexit en el diario español El País y el británico The Guardian para así examinar cómo se construyen dichas identidades a través del discurso mediático en el momento posterior al referéndum del Brexit (2016-2018). El discurso mediático en torno al Brexit se examina bajo el prisma del poder...

In recent decades there has been increasing interest in identifying the critical features of effective professional learning communities (PLCs). This identification is useful for evaluating the quality of a PLC, but not for building one. This study aims at describing a conceptual model for developing a new PLC, illustrating its application with an example. The model is explained in terms of four constitutive elements (PARTICIPANTS, OBJECTIVES, MEDIATORS, and MECHANISM), and their interactive...

One of the most demanding aspects of intercultural communication is rendering the elements of foreign culture from source to target linguocultural system. As today more people are exposed to audiovisual than any other form of text, cultural representation is an important issue as these texts can be a powerful tool for construction or deconstruction of cultural and sociological stereotypes, dissemination of ideas, facilitating intercultural communication, etc. Hence, this study attempts to shed...

This paper studies the conceptualisation of love by the Montenegrin student population, via conceptual metaphors, metonymies and related concepts, as well as through the lenses of cultural scripts. The corpus with the conceptual instantiations was collected using a sentence-completion elicitation questionnaire, which was administered to Montenegrin university students. The aim was to identify the cognitive model of love of the targeted population, and to determine the level of universality and...

This study examines the acquisition of English simple monotransitive and complex dative alternation (DA) structures (double object constructions (DOC) and to/for-datives) in the longitudinal spontaneous production of monolingual children. In order to address these issues, we analyzed data from twelve English monolingual children and from adults’ child-directed speech, as available in CHILDES (MacWhinney, 2000). The findings revealed that simple monotransitive constructions started being...

This paper provides evidence of the fruitfulness of combining analytical categories from Cognitive Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis for the analysis of complex literary characterizations. It does so through a detailed study of the “tributes”, i.e. the randomly selected children who have to fight to death in a nationally televised show, in The Hunger Games. The study proves the effectiveness of such categories to provide an analytically accurate picture of the dystopian world depicted..., Esta propuesta proporciona evidencia de la utilidad de combinar categorías analíticas de la Lingüística Cognitiva y del Análisis Crítico del Discurso para el análisis de caracterizaciones literarias complejas. Esto se hace a través de un estudio detallado de los llamados “tributos”, los niños seleccionados de forma aleatoria que tienen que luchar hasta la muerte en un programa televisado nacionalmente, en Los Juegos del Hambre. Este estudio demuestra la efectividad de tales herramientas...

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a developed software program called the “Spanish Collocation Tool (SCT)” and its application in related corpus-based studies. The Spanish Collocation Tool (SCT) was designed to assist with the research and analysis of Spanish collocation. The SCT allows searches of collocated elements not limited to words, but also parts of speech and lemmas. Furthermore, it can compare two collocation lists to detect any significant differences between them. In this...

The topic under discussion in this paper is the syntax of sentences introduced by a subordinate conjunction (que, si, como) that have an independent function in the discourse. Some authors have considered them insubordinate clauses. The author discusses the functions they perform in Spanish discourse, especially in reactive turns, and proposes a macrosyntactic approach that includes a range of structural possibilities: independent utterances, conventional constructions, or discursive operators...

This article examines the employability of Master of Translation and Interpreting (MTI) graduates in China, where globalized exchanges have led to an increasing need for translation education in recent decades; however few studies have assessed the employment of MTI graduates. To that end, we have surveyed all the MTI alumni that graduated between 2015 and 2020 from one first-tier university in Shanghai using a questionnaire based on a comprehensive employability measurement model. By...

This study aims to investigate the LOTE learning motivation profiles of adult learners at a multilingual workplace and the interplay of multilevel factors affecting LOTE learning motivation. To address the research objectives, we undertook this case study on a Spanish bank subsidiary in China by conducting semi-structured interviews with three senior managers at varying LOTE language proficiency levels. Premised on a person-in-context relational perspective, interview data analysis revealed the...

This study explores the language practices and beliefs of local employees at a Shanghai-based subsidiary of a German multinational company. We conducted a seven-month ethnographic study and collected data from the company’s publicly accessible documents, meeting transcripts, semi-structured interviews with five employees, and ethnographic notes. Qualitative data analysis revealed that local employees frequently utilized translanguaging practices despite the company’s implicit assumption that...

This article reports on an ethnographic study that investigated language practice in a multilingual workplace, a Confucius Institute in Macau. In the study we collected multiple data from five staff members through participatory observations, open-ended interviews, and field notes, to examine their language practice in the Institute. The analysis revealed that multiple languages were chosen to fulfill different purposes on different occasions. Specifically, Putonghua served as the working...

One of the key challenges of language management in multinational companies is developing corporate language capacities to fulfil business goals. Yet the notion of corporate language capacity remains to be explored and developed in research. To address this gap, this study aims to conceptualise corporate language operative capacity and investigate how it is developed at a German multinational corporation that specialises in providing business software. Participants in this study were six staff...

Different from ordinary discourse, the institutional nature of courtroom discourse has attracted much scholarly attention in the field of applied linguistics and professional discourse studies. Previous studies have examined the lexico-grammatical features and asymmetric power relations inherent in courtroom communication. However, little research has investigated the hybridizing construction of judges’ discourse and the contextual clues that may shape such discursive construction. Under the...

This paper reports on a mixed method study that examined the motivation of 121 students in a 1-year intensive language course in German or French at a Chinese university. Drawing on Dörnyei’s (2009) theory of the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS), a survey was conducted to explore their motivation to learn German or French. Regression analyses revealed that learning experience and promotion-focused instrumentality were the predictors for the German learners’ intended learning effort, while...

In popular culture, the stereotypically iconized “geek” can be identified in different media narratives from mainstream television to magazines. Drawing upon insights from sociolinguistics and business communication studies, this paper attempts to identify the discursive constructs of “being geek” in Chinese digital business communication. By collecting the discourse data of online customer reviews from amazon.cn and analyzing the data based on the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, the...

This paper deals with the traditional distinction between necessary and unnecessary loanwords as a problematic one because it marginalises the functions of so-called unnecessary loanwords. By adopting a cognitive-linguistic approach, this paper aims to highlight the importance of both types of loanwords from a language user’s point of view. To this end, we examine anglicisms in Montenegrin on the basis of a new pragmatic model which distinguishes between catachrestic and non-catachrestic...

Introduction: Tense, Aspect and Modality in L2. Recent Applied Studies

In part due to the significant influence of Andersen's Lexical Aspect Hypothesis, research on the L2 acquisition of tense and aspect has focused primarily on the construct of aspect representative of the beginning and intermediate stages of acquisition. In the present article, I review the significance of two recent developments in the study of aspectual knowledge: the expansive view of recent research proposals (e.g., shifted effect of lexical aspect toward intermediate and advanced..., Debido a la enorme influencia de la hipótesis del aspecto léxico de Andersen, la investigación del tiempo y aspecto en una L2 se ha enfocado principalmente en el análisis de este constructo en niveles de adquisición iniciales e intermedios. En el presente artículo evalúo la importancia de dos fenómenos recientes: la expansión de la perspectiva teórica de las últimas propuestas (p.e., el creciente efecto del aspecto léxico en las etapas intermedias y avanzadas) y el estudio de sub-constructos...

This study explores the difficulties on grammatical representation descriptions of Spanish Imperfect meanings by 54 first language Russian learners of Spanish with advanced proficiency levels and a control group of 18 Spanish native speakers. The results from the on-line acceptability judgments task the participants carried out indicated that interpretations of aspectual meanings typical of the Spanish Imperfect had been formed in the non-native speaker’s grammar. Moreover, a general tendency..., El presente estudio explora las representaciones gramaticales de las interpretaciones aspectuales del Imperfecto en español que manejan 54 estudiantes rusófonos de español con niveles avanzados de competencia y un grupo control de 18 hablantes nativos de español. Los resultados de la prueba de juicios de aceptabilidad que realizaron los participantes revelan una formación estable de las representaciones de las interpretaciones aspectuales del Imperfecto en la gramática del hablante no nativo....

This study aims to clarify whether variation in the target language can influence its acquisition. More specifically, this study describes the acquisition of Spanish as a second language (L2) by examining the learning process based on (a) the first language (L1) of the learner and (b) which Spanish dialect is being learnt (the target). The phenomenon under scrutiny is the use of past tenses in the L2, as it has been proven to adequately measure the competence of the learner. Data from two L2 at...,  Este estudio tiene como objetivo aclarar si la variación en el idioma meta puede influir en su adquisición. Más específicamente, este estudio describe la adquisición del español como segunda lengua (L2) examinando el proceso de aprendizaje basado en (a) la primera lengua (L1) del estudiante y (b) qué dialecto del español se está aprendiendo como idioma meta. El fenómeno bajo escrutinio es el uso de tiempos de pasado​​ en la L2, ya que se ha demostrado que es un fenómeno que mide...

Despite recent interest in the analysis of the progressive in light of the Aspect Hypothesis (AH), little information is available on the use of the progressive by EFL Spanish learners. To gain a better understanding of the use of the progressive in EFL-instructed Spanish learner writing at advanced levels, this longitudinal learner corpus-based SLA study examines the frequency of use of the progressive, as well as two of the associations of the AH: (i) the progressive with dynamic verbs; (ii)..., A pesar del reciente interés en el análisis del progresivo considerando la Hipótesis del Aspecto, hay poca información sobre su uso por parte de aprendientes de inglés L2 cuya L1 es el español. Para lograr un mayor conocimiento del uso del progresivo en la expresión escrita de este alumnado, cuando recibe instrucción formal en la L2 en niveles avanzados, este estudio, basado en un corpus de aprendices longitudinal, analiza la frecuencia de su uso y dos de las asociaciones de la Hipótesis del...

This paper explores the application of conceptual metonymy (Lakoff, 1987; Ruiz de Mendoza, 2000; Langacker, 2009; Panther, Thornburg and Barcelona, 2009; Barcelona, 2013) in the development of pedagogical resources for the teaching of the Spanish verbal system to L2/FL learners. To this end, a description is given of the advantages of introducing inferential reasoning using metonymy based on certain principles taken from the Cognitive Grammar model (Langacker, 1987, 1991, 2000, 2001, 2008, 2009..., El presente artículo explora la aplicación de la metonimia conceptual (Lakoff, 1987; Ruiz de Mendoza, 2000; Langacker, 2009; Panther, Thornburg y Barcelona, 2009; Barcelona 2013) en el desarrollo de materiales pedagógicos para la enseñanza del sistema verbal a aprendientes de español como segunda lengua/lengua extranjera. Para ello, se describen las ventajas de introducir el razonamiento inferencial mediante la metonimia en los materiales didácticos —descripciones y actividades—, a partir de...

This article explores the relationship between second language acquisition and language teaching presenting the design of a teaching sequence on past tenses that integrates the results of research on tense and aspect in a second language (the Aspect and Discourse Hypotheses and Input processing instruction). By implementing the principles of cognitive linguistics, the article presents the design of activities to teach the meanings of perfective, imperfective, and perfect morphology with the..., A partir de la discusión de la relación entre los estudios de adquisición de segundas lenguas y la enseñanza de lenguas, este artículo explora el diseño de una secuencia didáctica de la enseñanza de los tiempos del pasado que integra los resultados de las investigaciones sobre tiempo y aspecto en una segunda lengua (Hipótesis del Aspecto y del Discurso y la Instrucción basada en el procesamiento del input). Mediante la implementación de los principios de la lingüística cognitiva, se presenta el...

This paper aims to explore the trends and hot topics of American applied linguistics by the content analysis of AAAL annual conferences’ handbooks. Making a diachronic research on topical strands of AAAL Conference from 1999 to 2019, the paper studies the dynamics and the trends of American applied linguistics by analyzing the changes of the strands in the conferences under study in 20 years. Based on self-built corpora of titles and abstracts of the presented papers in 2019 AAAL Annual...

The Discourse of Science and Technology is represented in the viewpoint of its strategic and tactical vectors of manifestation. Some linguistic peculiarities characterising the discourse of science and technology are described; the appropriate translation techniques used while reproducing the content of the English technical terms originated from Latin and Greek in Chinese and Ukrainian are introduced. The constituents of the terminological competence as a component of the translator’s..., El discurso científico técnico está representado desde el punto de vista de sus vectores de manifestación estratégicos y tácticos. Están descritas las particularidades lingüísticas que caracterizan el discurso científico técnico; representados los métodos correspondientes de la traducción que se usan durante reproducción del contenido de los términos técnicos en la lengua inglesa, que son de origen latino y griego, a las lenguas china y ucraniana.  En el artículo están presentados los...

This paper explores the current use of the verb like in sequences such as “me likey”. This new use is practically limited to modern variant spellings (likey, likee, like-y and likie) and resembles the original (and now obsolete) impersonal structure of the verb in which the experiencer was encoded in the objective case and the verb was used invariably, among other aspects. However, rather than the re-emergence of an impersonal construction, the sequence “me likey” seems to be the result of a...

Considering the importance of adequate understanding of instruction books and manuals on board vessels all over the world, as well as the challenges it imposes to the English language teachers and course designers, this paper aims to answer important research questions in relation to the quantity and type of vocabulary required for their adequate reading comprehension. In this study we use the method of Lexical Frequency Profiling and the software developed by Anthony Laurence – AntWordProfiler...

Few previous studies have focused on the analysis of the use of questions in academic university lectures delivered in English. However, the issue of the forms and role of questions in Montenegrin lectures has received no research attention. The current study explores the forms and functions of questions posed by lecturers in Montenegrin academic lectures. The analysis is based on a specially created corpus of Montenegrin lectures on linguistics and applies both quantitative and qualitative...

In the present article, we aim to identify, analyse and correlate the variables underlying the perception of empathy based on the evaluations made by the role play participants of their own interactions. The subjects, whose L1 was either Catalan or English, held a conversation dealing with a trouble that aimed to elicit an empathic response. Each participant assessed the effects that those dyad dialogues had on them by completing a questionnaire in which different elements were included...

This article aims to contrast metadiscourse and intertextuality in 40 undergraduate dissertations written in Spanish in engineering and the humanities at a Chilean university. Results show that guidance on dissertations’ goals and stages is common across disciplines, especially in introductions, although engineering signals goals more often. All students graduate statements, especially in conclusions, but the frequency of graduation doubles in the humanities. Humanities students prefer hedging...

International research groups are expected to ensure global dissemination and visibility of their knowledge production, for which Twitter is effectively employed to reach diversified audiences. This paper analyses the dialogic dimension of tweets published in accounts of Horizon2020 research projects, where group’s productivity and work are promoted, and multiple readers addressed. Our study focuses on the use, in these Twitter accounts, of interactional pragmatic strategies, their verbal...

Writers’ identity (Ivanič, 1998) and positioning in written text have been studied under multiple terms. However, a clearer distinction should be made between writers’ positioning (Hyland, 2005a) and writers’ presence or voice (John, 2005). This paper explores how disseminators and specialised writers adapt or mediate the voice of the researchers and writers of medical research articles (Med-RAs) in the corresponding medical popularizations published on-line (Med-E-Pops). By manually scanning a...

The paper is an attempt to critically read and interpret political thought of the creator of libertarian municipalism. At the same time it is a research study on a variant of contemporary socialistic libertarianism. Besides the paper shows that there is a type of socialism today that doesn’t run away from realistic world, doesn’t hide in the sphere of abstractive advisements and doesn’t bind common good-being with the existence of the state. Murray Bookchin is one of those seldom thinkers who...

Any evaluation of paleolibertarianism must be twofold. As it has been touched upon at the beginning of this article, it would be a good idea to view paleolibertarianism from two angles. As a political proposition, related to the “here and now” in which it came to be, as well as a theory of its own, the way it was expressed by Rothbard and Rockwell, it contributed something new to the already diverse tree of libertarianism. The first assessment must be mixed, partly negative. It is not so...

The goal of the article is to look critically at the thought of Christina Hoff Sommers, who, in her resounding book from 1995 Who Stole Feminism? How Women Have Betrayed Women, negatively evaluates the gender variant of feminism. According to Sommers, the left wing feminism betrayed the true matters of women and intensified hostility between women and men. Unfortunately, the libertarian feminism advocate’s disquisition is no deep and profound critique of the background of left-wing feministic...

Among the aims of this text is: firstly, to characterize how the libertarians think about security of the citizens’ life and property in the case of aggression, or the possibility of aggression, from abroad. Secondly, to explore how they imagine the world-wide international order and a libertarian government’s participation in it and finally to attempt an assessment of how effective the libertarian concepts proposed by the variously quoted authors could operate or be harnessed or implemented or...

The aim of the article is to present the position on the libertarian ground, especially in anarcho-capitalistic movement represented by Murray N. Rothbard, Hans-Hermann Hoppe, Llewellyn H. Rockwell and Thomas Woods that should be used when talking over the question of secession and freedom pursuits in the world. I will present the line of argumentation that leads libertarians to support pro-secessionist attitude, argumentation taking form of postulate of individual level secession. Next, I will...

In this paper I compare John Locke’s and Murray N. Rothbard’s theories of property. The main aim of that comparison is to show that Locke’s theory of property, which seems to be crucial for contemporary libertarians, cannot be the foundation for the libertarian theory. The corollary is that Locke’s theory, resp. classical liberalism, cannot be – as many, including M. N. Rothbard, the main proponent of libertarianism, claim – the source of libertarianism in a strict sense.

Author of the article argues that in spite of a subjectivist nature of Max Stirner’s thought which is distinct from libertarianism, there’s a strong intellectual affinity between anarchist wing of it and Stirner’s conception. This position is based on three crucial arguments. First, Stirner’s opus magnum The Ego and Its Own is one of the most zealous declarations of social individualism based upon the idea of self-ownership. Second, the Archimedean point of both analyzed political philosophies...

Lysander Spooner (1808-1887) – a self-taught lawyer whose opinions have been quoted by the Supreme Court of the United States, a private entrepreneur challenging government monopolies, and a doyen of American individualism, is currently known mainly as a trenchant critic of the United States Constitution, who openly contested its legitimacy. His early abolitionist works, in which he argued that slavery was illegal under the Constitution, are far less known but equally thought-provoking and...

The article shows the attitude of freedom movement towards problem of implementation and realization of libertarian rules in nowadays world. The article shows the perspectives of two rather different attitudes that exist in contemporary freedom movement. It pictures two freedom traditions that come from one common ideological base, and whose development and praxis have led to various mutually exclusive conclusions. For the need of article the two perspectives are called “legalists” and “...

The aim of this paper is to critically analyse the thesis of Hans-Herman Hoppe that although any government – taken as a territorial monopolist in the field of jurisdiction and tax imposition – is an organisation harmful both from the economic and ethical point of view since it violates property rights in an institutionalised and legal manner, exploiting private owners and contributing to the process of “decivilization,” yet the monarchy is less harmful than any democratic state. The ultimate...

This chapter aims at presenting and scrutinizing a contractarian approach to libertarianism, which has been proposed by a Canadian philosopher, Jan Narveson, known as the main proponent of so-called contractarian libertarianism. The chapter begins with the short introduction followed by “Assumptions,” discussing Narveson’s understanding of morality, his critique of Rawlsian methodology and his view on natural law and natural rights. Afterwards, “Social contract: justification, procedure,...

The article elaborates on two kinds of relations between people that seem crucial to understanding what is the real nature of processes going on in society. First, each of the relations is characterized with cybernetic nomenclature. Then the relations are compared and their intrinsic properties are showed. The last section pictures their consequences for shaping the contemporary society.

In this article, I suggest that it is plausible to argue that Skinner’s methodology is inseparable from his intention to retrieve republicanism. This makes itself evident in the way he structures his critique of John Rawls. In line with Hobbes, this British historian interprets Rawls’s A Theory of Justice as another example of theory being politically neutralized. I will present the main aspects of Skinner’s analysis of Rawlsian liberalism from a neo-Machiavellian perspective, and discuss to..., En este artículo, sugiero que es plausible argumentar que la metodología de Skinner es inseparable de su intención de rescatar el republicanismo. Esto se hace evidente en la forma en que estructura su crítica de John Rawls. El historiador británico interpreta la teoría de la justicia de Rawls, desde su diseño metodológico, como un ejemplo de un momento hobbesiano que busca neutralizar ‘lo político’ en la teoría. Presentaré los aspectos principales del análisis crítico de Skinner del liberalismo...

From its inception with the first number of the magazine of opinion National Review and up to the advent of the Presidency of Richard Nixon the early American conservative movement struggled with the rising tide of civil rights protest and reform. This article examines the correspondence and published primary sources penned by leading members of the American conservative movement so as to offer a comprehensive, chronologically ordered assessment of the evolution of the views on racial..., Desde sus orígenes con la aparición del semanario de opinión National Review y hasta el ascenso de Richard Nixon a la presidencia de los Estados Unidos, el movimiento conservador estadounidense temprano se enfrentó a la creciente tensión generada por las tensiones entorno a la cuestión de los derechos civiles. Este artículo  examina la correspondencia y la obra publicada de los principales intelectuales y activistas del movimiento conservador temprano para ofrecer, desde ahí, una...

This article explores the theorisation of fascism across Žižek’s oeuvre, from the 1980s to the present. It situates his Lacanian response to the problematic category of ‘totalitarianism’ in its original Yugoslav context, foregrounding the critical function of the aesthetic praxis of over-identification, embodied by the Neue Slowenische Kunst and Laibach, in Žižek’s reflections. The article explores the manner in which Žižek provides distinctive answers to the classic topoi of critical theory’s..., Este artículo explora la teorización del fascismo en la obra de Žižek, desde la década de 1980 hasta el presente. Sitúa su respuesta lacaniana a la categoría problemática de "totalitarismo" en su contexto yugoslavo original, destacando la función crítica de la praxis estética de la sobre-identificación, encarnada por Neue Slowenische Kunst y Laibach, en las reflexiones de Žižek. El artículo explora la manera en que Žižek proporciona respuestas distintivas a los clásicos topoi de la...

In this article it is proposed that the Hegelian dialectical matrix thus serves as the model of the logic of the capital as well as the model of its revolutionary overcoming. Therefore, the fundamental question arises: Which mode of relating to Hegel should an ecologically-oriented Marxism assume today? The Hegelian idealist speculation does not imply an absolute appropriation of nature –in contrast to productive appropriation, speculation lets its Other be, it doesn’t intervene into its Other., El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar que la matriz dialéctica hegeliana puede servir tanto de modelo de la lógica del capital, como de modelo de su superación revolucionaria. Con ello se plantea la pregunta fundamental: ¿qué modo de relación con Hegel debería asumir en la actualidad un marxismo con orientaciones ecologistas? La especulación idealista hegeliana no implica una apropiación absoluta de la naturaleza: en contraste con la apropiación productiva, la especulación deja ser al Otro,...

This article first recalls our previous research on the original approach on productive labour, which goes from Petty to Genovesi (1767). That approach, being mainly empirical, divided jobs into more or less productive. The other most important approaches came later: Quesnay founded productive labour on surplus, Condillac on utility, Smith on exchange value. All of them gave the concept a more rigorous, but also more rigid shape: jobs were divided into productive or unproductive once and for..., This article first recalls our previous research on the original approach on productive labour, which goes from Petty to Genovesi (1767). That approach, being mainly empirical, divided jobs into more or less productive. The other most important approaches came later: Quesnay founded productive labour on surplus, Condillac on utility, Smith on exchange value. All of them gave the concept a more rigorous, but also more rigid shape: jobs were divided into productive or unproductive once and for...

The Harvard School began with the early Mason/Bain research about the performance of the firms to get market power. This proposal opened a different field of the neoclassical economic theory valid since Alfred Marshall, whereas the Chicago scholars continued with the traditional paradigm. Nowadays the three main issues of discussion between these two schools of economic thought are the same as those of the 30’s and 40’s: barriers of entry into an industry for the new incumbents, the production..., La Escuela de Harvard comenzó con la temprana investigación de Mason / Bain sobre el comportamiento de las empresas para obtener poder de mercado. Esta propuesta abrió un campo diferente de la teoría económica neoclásica válida desde Alfred Marshall, a la vez que los estudiosos de Chicago continuaron sus investigaciones siguiendo el paradigma tradicional. Hoy en día los tres temas principales de discusión entre estas dos escuelas de pensamiento son los mismos que los de los años treinta y...

This paper is concerned with ambiguities in the Post Keynesian model regarding the nature of the functions involved in the determination of the demand for labour. Those ambiguities have led to misleading representations of Keynes’s theories regarding the demand for labour and to conceptually travesty effective demand schedules. These controver-sial concepts will be analysed in reference to Keynes’ original reflections. Furthermore, this paper offers a different analysis from those of Allain (..., This paper is concerned with ambiguities in the Post Keynesian model regarding the nature of the functions involved in the determination of the demand for labour. Those ambiguities have led to misleading representations of Keynes’s theories regarding the demand for labour and to conceptually travesties effective demand schedules. These controversial concepts will be analysed in reference to Keynes’ original reflections. Furthermore, this paper offers a different analysis from those of Allain (...

Growing literature on Adam Smith’s system of sympathy has recovered an enriching view on our understanding of human interactions. Much attention has been placed on the construction of moral and social communities, the process of identification and recognition that Smith presents. But, the features Smith attributes to the intersubjective identifi-cation mechanism of sympathy can also lead to conceive of the possibility of exclusion of some members of a com-munity. The asymmetry of sympathy..., La creciente literatura sobre el sistema de la simpatía de Adam Smith ha permitido recuperar una visión enriquecedo-ra para nuestra comprensión de las interacciones sociales. La atención se ha concentrado en la construcción de comu-nidades morales y sociales y el proceso de identificación y reconocimiento. Un aspecto menos estudiado de las carac-terísticas que Smith adjudica a su mecanismo de identificación intersubjetiva también puede llevar a explorar la posibilidad de la exclusión de algunos...

I argue that some arguments associated with “acceleration debate” consolidated by the work of Hartmut Rosa are “inflationary” –not necessarily incorrect. Then I explain what such conceptual dramatization means and what the “deflationary” approach is. After that I outline five polemical comments about accelerating capitalist modernity. Importantly, I do not take an issue with convincing arguments claiming that modern era is an era of social intensification, dynamization and..., Sostengo que algunos argumentos asociados al “debate sobre la aceleración”, consolidados por la obra de Hartmut Rosa, son “inflacionarios”, pero no necesariamente incorrectos. A continuación, explico qué significa esa dramatización conceptual y en qué consiste el enfoque “deflacionario”. Después esbozo cinco comentarios polémicos sobre la modernidad capitalista acelerada. Es importante destacar que no me opongo a los argumentos convincentes que afirman que la era moderna es una era de...

Historically, disaster studies have been confronted with two antagonistic, but not exclusive, conceptualizations of catastrophes: first and foremost, extreme singularities that produce history, but also processes that perpetuate sociopolitical structures and inequalities. By exploring how the 1970 earthquake in Ancash, Peru was the scenario for implementing discourses of acceleration and deceleration amid strong transformations in Peruvian society, this article presents an alternative..., Históricamente, los estudios de desastres han presentado dos comprensiones antagónicas de las catástrofes: singularidades extremas que producen historia o procesos que perpetúan estructuras sociopolíticas e inequidades. Mediante un análisis del terremoto de 1970 en Ancash, Perú, y su influencia en la implementación de discursos de (des)aceleración en medio de grandes transformaciones en la sociedad peruana, este artículo presenta una comprensión alternativa de los desastres más allá de la...

Acceleration theory has emphasized the alienation that results from the speeding up of social life, but it has paid less attention to other emancipatory goals. Is it possible to consider collective action and conflicts as an acceleration motor? If so, is it a contingent-situated motivation or rather a structural condition? The paper’s hypothesis is that conflicts are deemed a contingent or structural acceleration motor depending on the very basic theoretical starting-point: 1) if conflicts are..., La teoría de la aceleración ha hecho hincapié en los efectos alienantes de la aceleración de la vida social, pero ha prestado menos atención a posibles objetivos emancipadores. ¿Es posible considerar la acción y los conflictos colectivos como un motor de aceleración? Si es así, ¿es una motivación contingente-situada o más bien una condición estructural? La hipótesis principal de este artículo es que los conflictos se consideran un motor de aceleración contingente o estructural dependiendo del...

This article focuses on the alleged direct acquaintanceship between Condorcet and Adam Smith. Mistaken infor-mation about this issue was repeated many times in the literature of the late 1800s and 1900s. It is presumed that they met in France, during Smith’s journey there, chez Sophie de Grouchy. I will attempt to show that the meeting be-tween the two authors was not in fact arranged by Sophie de Grouchy, Condorcet’s wife, even though she was very interested in Smithian theories, especially..., This article focuses on the alleged direct acquaintanceship between Condorcet and Adam Smith. Mistaken infor-mation about this issue was repeated many times in the literature of the late 1800s and 1900s. It is presumed that they met in France, during Smith’s journey there, chez Sophie de Grouchy. I will attempt to show that the meeting be-tween the two authors was not in fact arranged by Sophie de Grouchy, Condorcet’s wife, even though she was very interested in Smithian theories, especially...

Walras’ Law is one of the most important tenets of Neo-liberal economics. It is supposed to be a Tautological Identi-ty according to which disequilibrium in market economies has a compensatory nature. Hence, disequilibrium in any market would imply an opposite imbalance somewhere else in the system. However, in monetary systems commodi-ties do not buy commodities, i.e. they are not substitutes of money. When budget constraints take into account the realization problem associated with the..., La Ley de Walras es uno de los principios más importantes de economía Neo-liberal. Se supone que es una Identidad Tautológica en la que en economías de mercado el desequilibrio tiene una naturaleza compensatoria. Por tanto, el desequilibrio en cualquier mercado implicaría un desequilibrio en otra parte del sistema. Sin embargo, en los sistemas monetarios las mercancías no se intercambian por mercancías, es decir, no son substitutas del dinero. Cuando las restricciones presupuestarias tienen en...

This paper aims at providing a critical reconstruction of Keynes’s view on the links existing between public spending, interest rate, wages and employment, as formulated in his Treatise on Money. It will be argued that Keynes’s approach leads to a policy prescription which stresses the necessity of direct State intervention in supplying goods and services. This conclusion is derived from a circuitist interpretation of this work., Este artículo hace una reconstrucción crítica de la visión de Keynes sobre la relación entre gasto público, tipo de interés, salarios y desempleo, tal y como se formula en su Tratado sobre el Dinero. El trabajo defiende que el enfoque de Keynes lleva a propuestas de política económica que enfatizan la necesidad de intervención estatal directa en la provisión de bienes y servicios. Esta conclusión se deriva de una interpretación circuitista de su obra.

In the last decade of his career before his untimely death, António Almodovar’s research was very much dominated by an interest in catholic economic thought, apparently an unexpected development in his career. However, it fitted his broader approach to the history of economics, which presented a strong emphasis on the dissemination of economic ideas as in his previous work on the institutionalization of political economy or in the parliamentary debates or in textbooks. His interest in the..., En la última década de su carrera antes de su inesperada muerte, la investigación de António Almodovar estuvo dominada por su interés en el pensamiento económico católico, aparentemente una derivación inesperada en su trayectoria. Sin embargo, encajaba en su enfoque más amplio de la historia de economía, que enfatizaba la diseminación de ideas económicas como en su trabajo anterior sobre la institucionalización de economía política o de los debates parlamentarios o manuales. Su interés por la...

I reconstruct Adam Smith’s theory of irony and its application. I illustrate how he defines it as a combination of something “grand” with something “mean” and how this is consistent with his anti-Cartesian and post-sceptic epistemology. I suggest that, for Smith, “systems” of any kind, from Cartesian physics to philosophical monotheism, Stoic ethics, and the “mercantile system” draw their apparent plausibility from some disease of human imagination. I argue that in every field, including..., Describo la teoría de la ironía de Adam Smith y su aplicación. Explico su definición como una combinación de algo “grandioso” con algo “mezquino” y cómo esta es coherente con su epistemología anti-cartesiana y post-escéptica. Sugiero que, según Smith, la aparente plausibilidad de los sistemas de cualquier tipo, desde la física cartesiana hasta el monoteísmo filosófico, la ética estoica y el “sistema mercantil”, es el resultado de alguna enfermedad de la imaginación humana. Sostengo que, en su...

The processes of internationalization of economic ideas, in particular those associated with the transmission, assimilation and appropriation in scientific peripheral and semi peripheral countries of ideas originally produced in other spaces, are an important aspect of how economics as a science develops at a global scale. However, in spite of its relevance, knowledge of these processes is still relatively incipient. Explaining the international diffusion of economic ideas entails choosing some..., Los procesos de internacionalización de ideas económicas, en particular aquellos asociados con la transmisión, la asimilación y la apropiación de ideas en los países científicos periféricos y semi-periféricos producidas originalmente en otros lugares, son un aspecto importante de cómo la economía como ciencia se desarrolla a escala global. Sin embargo, a pesar de su importancia, el conocimiento de estos procesos es todavía relativamente incipiente. La explicación de la difusión internacional de...

This paper deals with French political economy under the Second Empire. It suggests that having been seriously weakened by internal dissents over the suitability of the historical method in economics, French political economy managed to reinvent itself during the last decade of Napoléon III’s reign. Threatened by the emperor’s personal suspicion towards free trade and the intellectual domination of positivism, economists experienced in the 1850s one of the most difficult periods in their..., Este artículo estudia la Economía Política francesa bajo el Segundo Imperio. Sugiere que, habiendo quedado seriamente debilitada por las disensiones internas sobre la conveniencia de utilizar el método histórico en economía, la Economía Política francesa logró reinventarse durante la última década del reinado de Napoleón III. Amenazados por el recelo personal del emperador hacia el libre comercio y el dominio del positivismo, los economistas experimentaron en la década de 1850 uno de los...

This paper analyzes the debate that took place in the second half of the 20th century about the relationship between inflation and unemployment. The “discovery” of the Phillips curve, provided a powerful tool for the economic policy. But, as always happens in the history of economic ideas, some years later a hard discussion began between economists. At the end, the discussion was about the effectiveness or sterility of economic policies to change the level of unemployment (and inflation) of the..., Este artículo analiza el debate que tuvo lugar en la segunda mitad del siglo XX sobre la relación entre la inflación y el desempleo. El “descubrimiento” de la curva de Phillips otorgó una herramienta muy poderosa para la política económica. Sin embargo algunos años después, como siempre sucede en la historia de las ideas económicas, comenzó entre los economistas una fuerte discusión sobre la misma. Finalmente la discusión era sobre la efectividad o esterilidad de las políticas económicas para...

The purpose of this paper is to identify two inconsistencies that are found in the third chapter of Marx's Das Kapital, dedicated to the study of credit. In the first one Marx states that the distinction between commercial and bank credit is only nominal, but he resorts to it in order to provide an explanation for the nineteenth century crisis in England, thus implying that the distinction was not only nominal, but real. The second inconsistency is noticed between Marx’s statement that..., El objetivo de este artículo consiste en identificar dos inconsistencias que aparecen en el capítulo 3 de El Capital, de Karl Marx, dedicado al estudio del crédito. En la primera, Marx afirma que la distinción entre banca comercial y de crédito es solo nominal, pero él recurre a esa distinción para dar una explicación a la crisis del siglo XIX en Inglaterra, con lo cual indica que es una distinción real, no nominal. La segunda inconsistencia es la siguiente: Marx anuncia que el efectivo y el...

The Communist Manifesto (1848) was an explosive pamphlet written by Karl Marx with the help of Friedrich Engels, where he predicted the inevitable of downfall of capitalism and the coming dawn of communism. The seduction of this powerful piece of rhetoric lay in the combination of three elements: the assertion that its arguments were scientific, the tone of moral indignation, and the rousing call to arms for a social revolution. Of course, he failed in his prediction of the immiseration of the..., El Manifiesto comunista (1848) fue un explosivo folleto escrito por Karl Marx con la ayuda de Friedrich Engels, donde predijo la inevitable caída del capitalismo y la llegada del comunismo. La seducción de esta poderosa pieza de retórica radica en la combinación de tres elementos: la afirmación de que sus argumentos eran científicos, el tono de indignación moral y el llamamiento a las armas para una revolución social. Por supuesto, fracasó en su predicción del empobrecimiento de las clases...

We revisit the famous chapter in Keynes’ General Theory (GT) with the tools of modern microeconomics to 1. derive expressions for the elasticity of the supply curve, 2. define effective demand, 3. draw out Keynes’ comparative statics. The reconstruction is inspired by the inhouse to and fro preceding and following the publication of the classic, collated in The Collected Writings (CW)., Revisamos el famoso capítulo de la Teoría general (GT) de Keynes con las herramientas de la microeconomía moderna para 1. derivar expresiones para la elasticidad de la curva de oferta, 2. definir la demanda efectiva, 3. obtener la estadística comparativa de Keynes. La reconstrucción está inspirada en las idas y venidas previas a la publicación del texto clásico, recopilado en The Collected Writings (CW).

There are two fundamental approaches to the nature and origin of money that are incompatible with each other: money-commodity and money-debt. The first one has occupied a hegemonic position in the academy —and so outside it— throughout history. On the other hand, the money-debt approach was developed in response to the conventional view, although it currently occupies a marginal place in the academic sphere and is barely known beyond it. Despite its low popularity, the unorthodox outlook of..., Existen dos enfoques fundamentales sobre el concepto y el origen del dinero que por su propia naturaleza son incompatibles entre sí: el que concibe el dinero como una mercancía —dinero-mercancía— y el que lo hace como una relación social —dinero-deuda—. El primero bebe de los planteamientos que ya utilizó Aristóteles en los tiempos de la Grecia clásica, aunque ha sido desarrollado y refinado en tiempos más recientes por varios economistas reconocidos como Carl Menger y Paul Samuelson, y a lo...

This paper presents in non-technical language an interpretation of the argument of The General Theory, which is the importance of effective demand and its relation to human agency. It argues that The General Theory is not only a treatise on economic theory, but also, and more importantly, a treatise on methodology, i.e. how economists should reason when dealing with the complexity of the real world. Implicit in this analysis is a distinct position on the remit of the economist and the nature of...

Innovation is a fundamental concept in the history of economic thought. Indeed, Marx tried to find the conceptual thread that explained not only the law that governed the movement of innovations in the capitalist system, but also the development of the productive forces regardless of their historical epoch. Schumpeter represented a sudden fork in this theoretical path by rejecting those undertakings that intended to establish general universal laws. This turning point would pave the way for a..., El concepto de innovación ha sido fundamental en el desarrollo de la historia del pensamiento económico. En este campo, Marx procuró explicar el movimiento de las innovaciones en el sistema capitalista y, de manera más general, el desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas independientemente de su época histórica. Schumpeter representó un súbito giro en este camino al rechazar aquel intento de establecer leyes universales de carácter general. Este punto de inflexión allanaría el camino para el...

This paper opens up with some issues which are fundamentally relevant to how Happiness Economics studies are presently conducted, and then sets out to show that for prominent neoclassical authors W. S. Jevons and F. Y. Edgeworth the object of Economics was to maximise happiness and that, in this, they coincide with current economists working in this research area. We show that the interest in happiness is not new but leans on a significant economic tradition linked to the Utilitarian philosophy..., Este artículo primero aborda temas relevantes para la forma en que actualmente se realizan los estudios de Economía de la Felicidad y más tarde muestra que para WS Jevons y FY Edgeworth, autores neoclásicos fundamentales, el objetivo de la Economía era maximizar la felicidad. En esto, coinciden con los economistas actuales que trabajan en esta área de investigación. Se muestra que el interés por la felicidad no es nuevo, sino que se apoya en una importante tradición económica vinculada a la...

Abstract The measurement of capital has generated great controversy between the University of Cambridge (Great Britain) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology of Cambridge (United States of America). The debate took place mainly during the golden age of capitalism and was not fully resolved, although, certainly, today it is frequent to study Economics without paying attention to it. In short, it is an unfinished question, where it does not even seem that there is currently a consensus to..., La medición del capital ha generado grandes controversias entre la Universidad de Cambridge (Gran Bretaña) y el Massachusetts Institute of Technology de Cambridge (Estados Unidos de América). El debate tuvo lugar principalmente durante la edad dorada del capitalismo y no quedó totalmente resuelto, aunque, ciertamente, en la actualidad es frecuente que se estudie Economía sin prestar atención al mismo. En definitiva, se trata de una cuestión inconclusa, donde ni siquiera parece que actualmente...

This paper argues that: a) economic systems are an expression of their own cultures and histories and they cannot therefore be exported to places where the local culture does not support their implementation; b) the indiscriminate  application of the German (Lutheran) model to all European countries (mainly to Mediterranean Catholic countries) has fostered economic growth in the EU at different speeds; c) Italy, the cradle of Catholic capitalism, is currently attempting to react..., Este artículo sostiene que: a) los sistemas económicos son una expresión de sus propias culturas e historias y, por lo tanto, no pueden exportarse a lugares donde la cultura local no apoya su implementación; b) la aplicación indiscriminada del modelo alemán (luterano) a todos los países europeos (principalmente a los países católicos mediterráneos) ha fomentado el crecimiento económico en la UE a diferentes velocidades; c) Italia, cuna del capitalismo católico, intenta actualmente reaccionar...

This paper compares Léon Walras’ and Augustin Cournot’s views on monetary regulation. It shows that whereas Cournot believed discretionary monetary regulation to be convenient and acceptable, Walras held that the only acceptable monetary system is based exclusively on the stability of the value of money under a monetary rule following a strict equivalence between metallic reserves and a pure medium of exchange form of money. The paper also advances Cournot understood more clearly than Walras..., Este artículo compara las teorías de Léon Walras y Augustin Cournot sobre regulación monetaria. Demuestra que, si bien Cournot creía que era conveniente y aceptable la regulación monetaria discrecional, Walras sostuvo que el único sistema monetario aceptable es el basado en la estabilidad del valor del dinero bajo una regla monetaria que siga una estricta equivalencia entre las reservas metálicas y el dinero, considerado como puro medio de cambio. El artículo también apunta a que Cournot...

The emergence of cryptocurrencies has been one of the most notable monetary phenomenon of the last decade. Many academics and analysts have found a clear precedent to this event in Friedrich Hayek's latest monetary work, Denationalization of money. The aim of this article is to analyze what we can learn about cryptocurrencies by re-reading this book. As will be proven, Hayek would surely have rejected the idea that Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies with similar characteristics could be accepted..., La irrupción de las criptomonedas ha sido uno de los fenómenos monetarios más notables de la última década. Muchos académicos y analistas han encontrado un claro antecedente a este acontecimiento en la última obra monetaria de Friedrich Hayek, Denationalization of money. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar qué podemos aprender sobre las criptomonedas a través de la relectura de esta obra. Como se demostrará, Hayek rechazaría que el Bitcoin y criptomonedas de características similares...

Reseña del libro de Guido Tortorella Esposito, Juan Hernández Andreu, Realismo crítico y economía civil en España e Italia. Una perspectiva histórica, Ediciones Paraninfo, Madrid, 2019, 215 pp., Review of Realismo crítico y economía civil en España e Italia. Una perspectiva histórica, Ediciones Paraninfo, Madrid, 2019, 215 pp. by Guido Tortorella Esposito and Juan Hernández Andreu.

This article proposes to analyze the contributions of Albert Hirschman to political economy. Although he was explicitly affiliated to any school of thought, Hirschman worked with both economics and political science to understand questions such as ‘why do people vote and participate in politics?’. He was disappointed with what mainstream economics could provide and elaborated the Exit-Voice-Loyalty (EVL) framework, to understand mechanisms of action in politics and the economy. His EVL..., Este artículo propone a analizar las contribuciones de Albert Hirschman para la economía política. A pesar de ele non estar explícitamente afiliado a ninguna escuela de pensamiento, Hirschman trabajo tanto con economía y ciencia política para comprehender cuestiones del tipo ‘¿porque las personas eligen y participan en la política?’. Él se desapuntó con o que la economía mainstream podría providenciar y elaboró al framework Salida-Voz-Lealtad (EVL), para comprehender los mecanismos de acción en..., Esse artigo se propõe a analisar as contribuições de Albert Hirschman para a economia política. Apesar de ele não estar explicitamente afiliado a nenhuma escola de pensamento, Hirschman trabalhou tanto com economia e ciência política para compreender questões do tipo ‘porque as pessoas votam e participam da política?”. Ele se desapontou com o que a economia mainstream poderia oferecer e elaborou o framework de Voz-Saída-Lealdade (EVL), para entender os mecanismos de ação na política e na...

In 1930, John Maynard Keynes travelled to Madrid to deliver an address titled “Possible Economic Situation of our Grandchildren”. In this visit, he gave an autographed note to a little girl, of just eight years of age, telling her that “she is living in the midst of the creation of what is more noble and desirable in civilisation.”  This paper explores the historical facts of Keynes’s visit in Madrid and tries to find out who –and what kind of vision– most influenced Keynes in his..., En 1930, John Maynard Keynes viajó a Madrid para impartir una conferencia titulada “Possible Economic Situation of our Grandchildren”. En dicha visita, Keynes firmó un autógrafo a una niña de tan solo ocho años de edad diciéndole que “she is living in the midst of the creation of what is more noble and desirable in civilisation.”  El presente ensayo explora los detalles históricos de la visita de Keynes a Madrid y trata de dilucidar quién, y qué tipo de mirada influenciaron Keynes en...

The theory of the long-run perspective aims to explain how economies grow. On the other hand, Kaldor developed a theory that concerns not only this objective but to build a model also considering the implications in the income distribution. This paper consists of a rigorous review of the evolution of Kaldor’s Theory, treating with government activities, the financial market, and so on, to show the importance of the theme in our days. One contribution of this paper is to lead the researchers to..., La teoría de la perspectiva de largo plazo tiene como objetivo explicar cómo crecen las economías. Kaldor desarrolló una teoría que no solo busca este objetivo sino construir un modelo considerando también las implicaciones en la distribución del ingreso. Este trabajo es una revisión rigurosa de la evolución de la Teoría de Kaldor, que trata las actividades gubernamentales, el mercado financiero, etc., para mostrar la importancia del tema en nuestros días. Una contribución del artículo es..., A teoria da perspectiva de longo prazo visa explicar como as economias crescem. Por outro lado, Kaldor desenvolveu uma teoria que diz respeito não apenas a esse objetivo, mas a construir um modelo considerando também as implicações na distribuição de renda. Este trabalho consiste em uma revisão rigorosa da evolução da Teoria de Kaldor, tratando da atuação do governo, do mercado financeiro, etc., para mostrar a importância do tema em nossos dias. Uma contribuição deste artigo é levar os...

This essay provides a general overview of the development of economic theories in Thirteenth and Fourteenth centuries in the light of the latest studies and offers new perspectives for future investigations. Scholasticism is a milestone in the history of Western philosophy as well as its contribution to scientific method and innovation. At the end of the Middle Ages, the ideal of shared norms and values clashes with the tensions of commercial transformation. In this historical framework –..., Este ensayo ofrece una visión general del desarrollo de las teorías económicas en los siglos XIII y XIV a la luz de los últimos estudios y ofrece nuevas perspectivas para futuras investigaciones. La escolástica, así como su contribución al método científico y la innovación, es un hito en la historia de la filosofía occidental. A finales de la Edad Media, el ideal de normas y valores compartidos choca con las tensiones de la transformación comercial. En este marco histórico, caracterizado no...

Oswaldo Aranha was one of the most famous and prestigious Brazilian politicians of the 20th century. Known for presiding the UN session when the State of Israel was created, Aranha had an important role in Brazilian politics during the first half of the century. Even though he held a bachelor’s degree in Law, Aranha had to deal with various economic issues along his political career. This paper aims to analyze his economic ideas, arguing that despite his liberal influences, he became an..., Oswaldo Aranha fue uno de los políticos brasileños más importantes y prestigiosos del siglo XX. Conocido por presidir la sesión de la ONU cuando se creó el Estado de Israel, Aranha tuvo un papel aún más relevante en la política brasileña durante la primera mitad del siglo. Aunque licenciado en Derecho, Aranha tuvo que lidiar con diferentes problemas económicos a lo largo de su carrera política. El propósito de este artículo es analizar sus ideas económicas, argumentando que, a pesar de sus...

The concept of the division of labor is comprehensively discussed in Adam Smith’s classic work, The Wealth of Nations (1776), and it holds a key function in his theory of economic development. As a rigorous critique of liberalism, Karl Polanyi does not make use of this socio-economic concept very much in his works, while he conveys Smith’s general understanding throughout The Great Transformation (1944). This calls for a review of the two scholars use and perception of the concept of the..., El concepto de división del trabajo es ampliamente analizado en la obra clásica de Adam Smith, La riqueza de las naciones (1776), y tiene una función clave en su teoría del desarrollo económico. Como crítico del liberalismo, Karl Polanyi no hace mucho uso de este concepto socioeconómico en sus obras, aunque transmite la concepción general de Smith a lo largo de La Gran Transformación (1944). Por ello, es necessário realizar uma revisión del uso y percepción por parte de ambos autores del..., O conceito de divisão do trabalho é amplamente discutido na obra clássica de Adam Smith, A Riqueza das Nações (1776), e tem uma função fundamental em sua teoria do desenvolvimento econômico. Como uma crítica rigorosa do liberalismo, Karl Polanyi não faz muito uso desse conceito socioeconômico em suas obras, enquanto transmite o entendimento geral de Smith ao longo de A Grande Transformação (1944). Isso exige uma revisão do uso e percepção dos dois estudiosos do conceito de divisão do trabalho....

During the twentieth century, Joan Robinson introduced Marx's political economy into academic discussions of economic thought. This article argues that Robinson's work generates a proposal for academic integrity in economic ideas through an ethical vision of Marx's discourse and an epistemic critique of orthodox economic theory. Robinson's research shows that economic theory has been characterized by hiding the interests of the bourgeoisie, consolidating an "unethical...,  Durante el siglo XX, Joan Robinson introdujo la economía política de Marx en las discusiones académicas del pensamiento económico. Este artículo sostiene que el trabajo de Robinson genera una propuesta de integridad académica en la economía a través de una visión ética del discurso de Marx y una crítica epistémica de la teoría económica ortodoxa. La investigación de Robinson muestra que la teoría económica se ha caracterizado por ocultar los intereses de la burguesía, consolidando un..., Durante o século 20, Joan Robinson introduziu a economia política de Marx nas discussões acadêmicas do pensamento econômico. Este artigo argumenta que a obra de Robinson gera uma proposta de integridade acadêmica em economia por meio de uma visão ética do discurso de Marx e uma crítica epistêmica da teoria econômica ortodoxa. A pesquisa de Robinson mostra que a teoria econômica tem se caracterizado por esconder os interesses da burguesia, consolidando o "comportamento antiético"....