[EN] This study evaluates the incorporation of lanthanum into zeolites Y, Beta, and ZSM-5 to promote the desulfurization of a gasoline stream directly in the riser of a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process. The catalysts were prepared using wet impregnation and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (crystallinity and phase integrity), XRF (La content and Si/Al ratio), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of 2(9)Si and 2(7)Al, N2 adsorption, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (TPD-NH3), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and pyridine chemisorbed FTIR (FTIR-Py). Catalytic tests were conducted in a tubular reactor, using a mixture of cyclohexane and thiophene (20000 ppm) at 773 K and 1.3 atm. Catalytic activity was assessed in a fixed-bed reactor using a cyclohexane/thiophene feed, and product selectivities were quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionization and sulfur chemiluminescence detectors. The addition of lanthanum altered the acidity of the catalysts, reducing the total density of acid sites while increasing the strength of Lewis acid sites. The protonated zeolites, particularly HY, facilitated sulfur removal, achieving a 91% selectivity for H2S through secondary hydrogen transfer reactions. In contrast, the lanthanum-modified zeolites enhanced thiophene alkylation and condensation reactions, as evidenced by the selectivity observed in La/BEA and La/ZSM-5, which reached 15%. The results indicated that incorporating lanthanum changes the desulfurization profile, making the catalysts more selective for forming higher molecular weight sulfur compounds, thereby shifting the products toward the FCC diesel range. The modulation of acidity and structural accessibility of the zeolites proves crucial in converting sulfur compounds into H2S or heavy sulfur compounds in the FCC riser, leading to a reduction in the sulfur content of the gasoline fraction, which is economically advantageous., The authors are grateful for financial support from the Instituto Brasileiro de Tecnologia e Regulacao (IBTR), Fabrica Carioca de Catalisadores FCC S.A., Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)-Programa de Doutorado para Inovacao-DAI and Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)-Programa CapesPrint, and Programa de Recursos Humanos da Agencia Nacional do Petroleo, Gas Natural e Biocombustiveis (PRH/ANP-PRH36/UFBA), supported by resources from the investment of oil companies qualified in the PD&I Clause of ANP Resolution No. 50/2015 ANP n degrees 50/2015. Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon and Daniel Ballesteros-Plata acknowledge the support from the Ministry of Science and Innovation (MSI/MCIN) of Spain through the research projects PID2021-126235OB-C32 and TED2021-130756B-C31, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and, where applicable, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) "A way of making Europe".

[EN] In refineries, one of the most important production units is Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC). In them, the incorporation of additives to the catalyst is a very interesting option to reduce the sulfur content of gasoline, and thus obtain commercial fuel specifications. In this study, the transformation of thiophene into a cyclohexane (HC) stream for its in-situ desulfurization has been investigated, using catalysts based on niobium or zinc (6 wt%) incorporated into three types of zeolites: HUSY, HBeta and HZSM-5. Catalytic tests were carried out at 773 K in an automatically controlled fixed-bed tubular reactor. The reaction products were analyzed online by gas chromatography, with FID detector for hydrocarbons and SCD for sulfur compounds, and the catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, N2 adsorption isotherms, HRTEM, XRF, 29Si and 27Al solid state NMR, NH3-TPD and FTIR-pyridine techniques. The results indicate that the addition of metals did not significantly alter the textural and structural properties of the zeolites, and that the Nb/HB and Nb/HY catalysts were the most effective in the conversion of thiophene, and selective toward paraffins and H2S mainly. The performance of these materials was attributed to the existence of an optimal balance between the Brønsted and Lewis acid sites, which increased the hydrogen transfer coefficient (HTC) during the cyclohexane transformation, resulting in higher desulfurization activity. The addition of zinc drastically increased the density of the Lewis acid sites and decreased the HTC, favoring the production of aromatics and thiophene condensation reactions, thus transferring sulfur to the gasoline streams. In general, the catalysts investigated are of significant interest as additives for sulfur reduction in FCC gasoline streams, either by producing easily removable H2S or by transferring sulfur to heavier fractions., The authors are grateful for financial support from the Instituto Brasileiro de Tecnologia e Regulaca o (IBTR) , Fabrica Carioca de Cata-lisadores FCC S.A., Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnolo gico (CNPq) -Programa de Doutorado para Inovaca o - DAI and Coordenaca o de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) -Programa CapesPrint, and Programa de Recursos Humanos da Age ncia Nacional do Petro leo, Ga s Natural e Biocombustiveis (PRH/ANP - PRH36/UFBA) , supported by resources from the investment of oil companies qualified in the PD &I Clause of ANP Resolution No. 50/2015 ANP n degrees 50/2015. D.B.P and E.R.C. thank to Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, project PID2021-126235OB-C32 funded by MCIN/AEIMCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/and FEDER funds, and project TED2021-130756B-C31 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by "ERDF A way of making Europe".

[EN] MgO-La2O3 catalysts with different Mg/La molar ratio were synthesized by a precipitation method and a subsequent calcination and then characterized by x-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (at-196 degrees C), CO2- and NH3-thermoprogrammed desorption and x-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy. The coexistence of acid and basic sites promoted the selective transformation of ethanol into valuable products. Thus, MgO catalyst promoted the Guerbet reaction obtaining n-butanol as product while the incorporation of La2O3 in the catalytic system improved the ethanol conversion notably, obtaining ethylene as the main product due to a dehydration reaction. The highest ethylene yield was obtained for the catalyst with a Mg/La molar ratio of 1., The funding received for this study from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, PID2021-126235OB-C31 and PID2021-126235OB-C32 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER funds, and projects TED2021-130756B-C31 and TED2021-130756B-C32 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by "ERDF A way of making Europe" by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, is acknowledged.

[EN] A set of catalysts containing Cr-or Ga-doped Pt-CeO2 supported on alumina (PCA, Cr-PCA and Ga-PCA) were synthesized by incipient wetness impregnation and tested in propane conversion processes. The catalysts were studied in the propane conversion process with or without CO2 in the feed. In all cases, an enhancement in stability was found when CO2 was present in the reaction medium despite the lower catalytic activity. As well, all catalysts presented a higher propylene selectivity in the absence of CO2, indicating that the direct dehydrogenation of propane is the main reaction route. Moreover, CO2-assisted propane cracking to ethylene is favoured over propane reforming or direct cracking, given the minimal selectivity to other products like methane. With regards to the catalyst composition, Cr-PCA catalyst was the most active catalyst both in the absence and presence of CO2, due to the presence of weak acidity and coexistence of Cr3+ and Cr6+ redox species, as evidenced by XPS analysis. Ga-PCA catalyst was more selective to propylene, indicating that higher acidity of weak-to-medium nature along with formation of low coordinated Ga3+ species is beneficial for the CO2-ODH process. Raman, DTG and XPS analyses after reaction with CO2 showed that the deactivation of the catalysts was mainly due to carbon deposits of amorphous and graphitic nature on the surface of the catalysts., The authors thank the funding received from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, PID2021-126235OB-C31 and PID2021-126235OB-C32 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER funds, and projects TED2021-130756B-C31 and TED2021-130756B-C32 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by "ERDF A way of making Europe" by the European Union NextGener-ationEU/PRTR. IBM thanks Universidad de Ma <acute accent> laga for a postdoctoral grant.

Embargado hasta 10/12/2026, The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is a promising alternative to Li-ion batteries as an energy storage system, owing to its higher capacity and specific energy values. To tackle its intrinsic problems, the element copper (Cu) is an attractive option given both its excellent conductivity and its ability to interact with highly reactive polysulfides. Here, we propose the use of a carbon/copper composite (90.5:9.5 wt ratio) obtained by thermal decomposition of a single precursor based on a Cu(II) oleate/oleic acid complex and eliminating the use of H2 as a reducing agent as commonly reported. Cu nanoparticles (mean particle size around 15 nm in diameter) which are highly dispersed on an amorphous carbon matrix derived from an organic framework, enhance both the conductivity and the ability for the chemical adsorption of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), and thus increasing the reaction efficiency. Poor cycling stability, less specific capacity, and diminished rate capability were observed when the Cu content was reduced to around 70 % through treatment with concentrated nitric acid. This confirms the electrocatalytic role of the metal.

CO2 hydrogenation to methanol has the potential to serve as a sustainable route to a wide variety of hydrocarbons, fuels and plastics in the quest for net zero. Synergistic Pd/In2O3 (Palldium on Indium Oxide) catalysts show high CO2 conversion and methanol selectivity, enhancing methanol yield. The identity of the optimal active site for this reaction is unclear, either as a Pd−In alloy, proximate metals, or distinct sites. In this work, we demonstrate that metal-efficient Pd/In2O3 species dispersed on Al2O3 can match the performance of pure Pd/In2O3 systems. Further, we follow the evolution of both Pd and In sites, and surface species, under operando reaction conditions using X-ray Absorption Spectroscpy (XAS) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In doing so, we can determine both the nature of the active sites and the influence on the catalytic mechanism., UK Catalysis Hub is kindly thanked for resources and support provided via the membership of the UK Catalysis Hub Consortium and funded by current EPSRC grants: EP/ R026939/1 and EP/R026815/1. We thank Diamond Light Source for provision of beam time and support facilities at the beamline B18, under proposal SP30647. We also acknowledge the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) for provision of synchrotron radiation facilities and we would like to thank Dragos Stoian, Kenneth Marshall, Wouter van Beek and Naomi Lawes for assistance and support in using beamline BM31. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101022507. This work was supported by a research grant (9455) from VILLUM FONDEN. ERC and PBM wish to thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, for projects PID2021-126235OB-C32 and TED2021-130756B C31 funded by MCIN/AEIMCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033 and FEDER funds, and by “ERDF A way of making Europe, repectively”. We thank Elena Rodríguez Aguado for performing XPS measurements., Peer reviewed

CO hydrogenation to methanol has the potential to serve as a sustainable route to a wide variety of hydrocarbons, fuels and plastics in the quest for net zero. Synergistic Pd/InO (Palldium on Indium Oxide) catalysts show high CO conversion and methanol selectivity, enhancing methanol yield. The identity of the optimal active site for this reaction is unclear, either as a Pd−In alloy, proximate metals, or distinct sites. In this work, we demonstrate that metal-efficient Pd/InO species dispersed on AlO can match the performance of pure Pd/InO systems. Further, we follow the evolution of both Pd and In sites, and surface species, under operando reaction conditions using X-ray Absorption Spectroscpy (XAS) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. In doing so, we can determine both the nature of the active sites and the influence on the catalytic mechanism., UK Catalysis Hub is kindly thanked for resources and support provided via the membership of the UK Catalysis Hub Consortium and funded by current EPSRC grants: EP/R026939/1 and EP/R026815/1. We thank Diamond Light Source for provision of beam time and support facilities at the beamline B18, under proposal SP30647. We also acknowledge the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) for provision of synchrotron radiation facilities and we would like to thank Dragos Stoian, Kenneth Marshall, Wouter van Beek and Naomi Lawes for assistance and support in using beamline BM31. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101022507. This work was supported by a research grant (9455) from VILLUM FONDEN. ERC and PBM wish to thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, for projects PID2021-126235OB-C32 and TED2021-130756B-C31 funded by MCIN/AEIMCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER funds, and by “ERDF A way of making Europe, repectively”. We thank Elena Rodríguez Aguado for performing XPS measurements., Peer reviewed

Direct upgrading of biogas by CO2 methanation aims to produce a gas to be injected into the grid. Operating at moderate pressures favors thermodynamics, but catalyst surface and reaction mechanism under realistic conditions are not well investigated. We study the role of basic and metallic sites on performance and mechanism of clean biogas methanation (CO2/CH4=1/1 v/v) at 1, 5 and 7 bar. Ni/Mg/La/Al hydrotalcite-derived catalysts, with different Ni and La contents, are investigated combining tests and physico-chemical characterization, including quasi-in situ XPS at 7 bar, with CO2-adsorption and methanation DRIFTS at 1 and 7 bar, respectively. An optimized catalyst (6.5 wt% La, 35 wt% Ni) with 3–4 nm Ni0 and balanced basicity, achieves 96 LCH4*gcat−1* h−1 (300°C, 7 bar). DRIFTS confirm catalysts activity experimental trend. Optimizing Ni and La results in higher consumption rates of formate intermediate and sufficient Ni0 sites for CO formation. Increasing pressure to 7 bar promotes CO and m-HCOO reactivity., D.B.P, E.RC. and P.B. thank to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, project PID2021–126235OB-C32 funded by MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER funds, and project TED2021–130756B-C31 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” by the European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR. J.P.H. and A.C. acknowledge the financial support through Grant PID2020-119946RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ and the support from Junta de Andalucía (Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento) through US-1263455 project. AMB and SC acknowledge access to the UK Catalysis Hub characterization capability enabled through grant EP/RO26939/1., Peer reviewed

MgO-LaO catalysts with different Mg/La molar ratio were synthesized by a precipitation method and a subsequent calcination and then characterized by x-ray diffraction, N adsorption-desorption isotherms (at −196 °C), CO- and NH-thermoprogrammed desorption and x-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy. The coexistence of acid and basic sites promoted the selective transformation of ethanol into valuable products. Thus, MgO catalyst promoted the Guerbet reaction obtaining n-butanol as product while the incorporation of LaO in the catalytic system improved the ethanol conversion notably, obtaining ethylene as the main product due to a dehydration reaction. The highest ethylene yield was obtained for the catalyst with a Mg/La molar ratio of 1., The funding received for this study from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, PID2021–126235OB-C31 and PID2021–126235OB-C32 funded by MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER funds, and projects TED2021–130756B-C31 and TED2021–130756B-C32 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, is acknowledged.

NiO−CeO and NiO−CeO−ZrO catalysts have been synthesized, electrochemically characterized (Mott-Schottky (MS) measurements and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy), physicochemically characterized (by N adsorption, XRD, Transmission Electron Microscopy and XPS) and tested in the NO assisted ethane oxydehydrogenation. The use of low Zr-loadings (Zr/Ce=0.1 at. ratio) has led to the optimal results in the ethylene production, improving those obtained by the Zr-free NiO−CeO catalyst. However, high Zr-loadings have meant a decrease in the olefin production. The catalytic results obtained have been explained considering the amount of oxygen vacancies, the crystalline phases formed and, especially, the nature of the surface Ni species. Importantly, the use of NO as an oxidizing agent leads to a remarkable improvement in the selectivity to the olefin compared to that obtained employing molecular O. Then, for a given ethane conversion the selectivity to ethylene is ca. 15 points higher using NO than using O. Another additional positive aspect of this NiO−CeO−ZrO catalyst is its high catalytic stability., The authors would like to acknowledge the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación-Agencia Estatal de Investigación through the projects PID2021-126235OB-C31, PID2021-126235OB-C32 and PID2021–126235OB-C33 (funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER funds), and TED2021-129555B-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/Unión Europea NextGenerationEU/PRTR. The authors also thank the Generalitat Valenciana for CIAICO/2021/094 and CIGRIS/2022/198.

It is imperative that composite systems with high performance, low-cost, enhanced simplicity, and scalability be developed in order to convert and store energy. This, however, has been a challenging endeavor throughout the years. In this study, we present a cost-effective, efficient, scale-up-friendly, and environmentally friendly method of producing in situ sandwich layers of ZnO-CuO composite between NiCo2O4 nanostructures and nickel foam using lemon peel extract (LPE) during hydrothermal processes. NiCo2O4/ZnO-CuO/nickel foam was analyzed using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). According to XRD and HRTEM studies of NiCo2O4/ZnO-CuO/nickel foam, NiCo2O4, ZnO, and CuO exhibit cubic, hexagonal, and monoclinic phases, respectively. With NiCo2O4/ZnO-CuO/nickel foam as the active anode electrode, an asymmetric supercapacitor has been developed in an alkaline solution of 3 M KOH. At a low current density of 2 Ag−1, the asymmetric supercapacitor exhibited a high specific capacitance of 3614.8 F g−1, a power density of 1549.2 W kg−1, and an energy density of 75.3 Wh kg−1. Upon repeatable 40,000 galvanic charge–discharge cycles, the asymmetric device demonstrated a high specific capacitance retention percentage of approximately 100 to 95 and a columbic efficiency of 98%. Moreover, NiCo2O4/ZnO-CuO/nickel foam composite had a low overpotential of 210 mV at 40 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 70 mV dec−1 for OER in 1 M KOH. During continuous OER measurements over a period of 40 h, NiCo2O4/ZnO-CuO/nickel foam composites demonstrated high durability and stability. NiCo2O4/ZnO-CuO/nickel foam exhibits good electrochemical performance as a result of its synergetic effects, its high conductivity, its abundant exposed catalytic sites, its oxygen vacancies, and its high durability., The authors would like to acknowledge the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan for its partial support of the project (NRPU/8350/8330). This publication is part of the R&D project PID2021-126235OB-C32 funded by MCIN/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033/ and FEDER funds. Brigitte Vigolo and Mélanie Emo would like to thank the technical and scientific platform “Microscopies, Microprobes and Metallography (3 M)” (Institut Jean Lamour, IJL, Nancy, France) for access to TEM and SEM facilities. A.T and E.D would like to acknowledge the partial support of Ajman University, Internal Research Grant No. DRGS ref. 2024-IRG-HBS-1. The authors extend their sincere appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2025R79), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for partial funding of this work., Peer reviewed

The Fischer–Tropsch process can be considered as an alternative route to convert fossil fuels such as crude oil, coal, and methane for the production of more environmentally friendly liquid fuels and chemicals. As recoverable sources of carbon, Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) converts a mixture of CO and H2 to a range of hydrocarbons, which is free of sulfur and nitrogen and low in aromatics. The surface-sensitive investigation of the temperature and pressure effects on the FT synthesis performance over mesoporous carbon-supported iron catalysts was examined by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. Raman and Mössbauer spectroscopy measurements illustrated the structural properties of mesoporous Fe-based oxides. Under FTS reaction conditions of 20 and 30 atm, and temperatures of 240, 255, and 270 °C with a CO-to- H2 ratio of 1, the solids were active with 38–45% of CO conversion and a rate of 1 × 10–5 molCO·g–1·s–1. The product distribution gave C1–C4, C5–C9, and C10+ products with the structure of the solid marginally affected by the type of product obtained. The in situ surface XPS analyses were conducted at ∼240–270 °C and 10 atm with a CO-to-H2 ratio of 1 for 1 h. The α-Fe2O3 phase was reduced to Fe3O4 resulting in well-dispersed magnetite nanoparticles with further reduction to metallic iron on the mesoporous carbon support. Such α-Fe phase demonstrated accessibility of the syngas resulting in the activity of the solids. The chemical evolution of the Fe 2p, O 1s, C 1s, and K 2s core levels during the FTS with increasing the temperature up to 255 °C suggested that the surface carburization formed χ-Fe5C2 and θ-Fe3C iron carbide phases along with Fe3O4 and, tentatively, the metallic iron phase. The mesoporous carbon-supported iron catalysts having χ-Fe5C2 carbide determined the activity and stability during the FTS synthesis., The Article Processing Charge for the publication of this research was funded by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), Brazil (ROR identifier: 00x0ma614). O.G.P, J.J.J. and E.R.C. acknowledged project PID2021-126235OB-C32 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER funds., Peer reviewed

Simple and cost-effective procedures for the direct integration of ferroelectric perovskite oxides into Ni structures are necessary to realize
related multifunctional metallic microelectromechanical systems, such as dual-source energy harvesters. This is especially difficult in the case
of lead-containing morphotropic phase boundary materials for high piezoelectric response because the two components are thermodynamically
incompatible and the formation of NiOx or perovskite oxide reduction takes place depending on the processing conditions. We show
here that low-temperature solution processing is an effective means to kinetically limit nickel oxidation, capable of providing BiFeO3–PbTiO3
films on Ni plates at only 500 ○C. Bulk-like ferroelectric properties and a distinctive magnetoelectric response were attained. This perovskite
system, not explored before on Ni, has a much larger switchable polarization than the widely studied Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, and it is shown here to
present an excellent downscaling behavior of ferroelectric properties until the verge of the nanoscale., This work was funded through the Spanish Projects TED2021-130871B-C21/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/Unión Europea Next-GenerationEU/PRTR, and PID2022-136790OB-I00 and PID2019-104732RB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. E.R.C. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2021-126235OB-C32, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/and FEDER funds, and TED2021-130756B-C31, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and “ERDF:
A way of making Europe” by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR). L.Z. acknowledges the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan (HEC) for the financial support for his stay at ICMM-CSIC under the Indigenous 5000-PhD Fellowship Program(PIN: 112-27186-2PS1-143) and the International Research Support Initiative Program (IRSIP) (PIN: IRSIP 43 PSc 48).

Liquid crystalline electrolytes are emerging as a promising class of functional materials for energy storage applications. They offer the ability to operate under anhydrous conditions without the presence of acids or flammable solvents, allowing high operating temperatures. Herein, the liquid crystalline phase of a bispyrazolate Pd(II) metallomesogen is used as a platform for Li-ion conduction, taking advantage of the existence of nanochannels in the hexagonal columnar mesophase. Li-doped liquid crystal composites have been prepared with different lithium content, and their mesomorphic properties and ionic conductivities were studied. It was found that the intercalation of lithium ions between molecules does not hinder the formation of the mesophase but rather extends the temperature range in which it is stable due to the existence of ion–dipole interactions between the lithium ions and the uncoordinated N-pyrazolic atoms, leading to lower melting and higher clearing temperatures. High Li-ion conductivity was found in the solid and liquid crystalline phases by complex impedance spectroscopy. The optimally doped composite with an 8:2 (metallomesogen:LiTFSI) molar ratio reaches conductivity values as high as 1.89 × 10–4 Ω–1 cm–1. The work presented is expected to pave the way for a promising class of liquid crystalline Li-ion electrolytes based on metallomesogens.

This paper explains the basis for the excitation energy-independent fluorescence emission of biomass-derived carbon dots (CDs) and shows that these CDs have excellent anti-melanoma and anti-metastatic potential. Additionally, we demonstrate that the black carrots´-derived CDs can be exploited as cell cycle-sensing agents, because of the interaction with chromatin material. Besides their optical properties, fluorescent CDs have gained increased attention for image-guided cancer treatment due to their water solubility, environmental friendliness, affordability, ease of synthesis, and primary biocompatibility. CDs have excellent photostability, determined by their precursors and synthesis pathways. In this study, CDs with chemically homogenous surface functional groups were made using a hydrothermal technique from black carrot extract, an anthocyanin-rich substance derived from biomass. The anti-cancer and anti-metastatic properties of black carrot-derived CDs can be attributed to flavylium cations on the surface, spherical forms, and high water dispersibility. Most importantly, these CDs demonstrate a stable emission at a single wavelength, 612 nm, independent of the excitation energy, which we have explained theoretically for the first time., Authors thank to Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN/
AEI/10.13039/501100011033) though the projects PID2021-
122613OB-I00 and PID2021-126235OB-C32 and P18-RT-4592 of Junta
de Andalucía and FEDER funds, and the Ministry of Science, Technological Development, and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia (grant
451-03-47/2023-01/200017).

The recovery or degradation of organic wastes in the circular economy concept continues to be environmental protection challenges. In this study, we proposed a metal catalyst free production of useful non-doped (CDs) and nitrogen doped carbon dots (N-CDs) nanoparticles, generated from a greener hydrothermal top-down method, using paper scraps solid organic wastes from the pulp and paper industry. Both materials were fully characterized. At the same time, these high-added value materials were used as catalysts for the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants and for generating hydrogen through hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The morphological study revealed the presence of nanoparticles with a higher carbon content than the raw biomass, from 13 to 51 wt% as assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ranging in size from 4.4 to 6.8 nm. The ability of these materials to catalyze the photodegradation of 4-nitrophenol has been tentatively investigated. The N-CDs proved to be more active than undoped-CDs to degrade 4-nitrophenol due to the smaller bandgap and more active sites available which will also accept the transferred electrons for H2 generation or 4-nitrophenol reduction., Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, 402691/2021-0, Rosely Aparecida Peralta, Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, PrInt, Herculys Bernardo Jorge, Financial code 001, Rosely Aparecida Peralta, Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Estado de Santa Catarina, general, Rosely Peralta, Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Catalise em Sistemas Moleculares e Nanoestruturados, INCT-Catalise, Rosely Aparecida Peralta, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon, TED2021-130756B-C31, Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, PID2021-126235OB-C32, Manuel Algarra. ERDF A way of making Europe by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR).