BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Additional experimental details of the synthetic methods, STM and XPS experiments, and DFT calculations; supplementary STM images of the metal–organic dimers on Ag(111), the metal–organic dimer and monomer on Cu(111) with superimposed chemical structure drawings, resulting structures after high-temperature annealing on Cu(111), and pristine biphenylene on Cu(111); XPS spectra of the Br 3d core levels; and illustrations of reaction mechanisms and the DFT-optimized geometry of 2-Cu on Cu(111)., Peer reviewed

The used experimental and theoretical methods, additional information regarding the structural changes upon thermal annealing of the molecules adsorbed on the Au(111) surface, their manipulation, the energetics of closed-loop structures, and the electronic properties of heptameric molecular loops, and the electronic properties of C–S bonds., Peer reviewed

1 table., Fluctuations in environmental conditions greatly influence life on earth. Plants, as sessile organisms, have developed molecular mechanisms to adapt their development to changes in daylength, or photoperiod. One of the first plant features that comes to mind as affected by the duration of the day is flowering time; we all bring up a clear image of spring blossom. However, for many plants flowering happens at other times of the year, and many other developmental aspects are also affected by changes in daylength, which range from hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana to tuberization in potato or autumn growth cessation in trees. Strikingly, many of the processes affected by photoperiod employ similar gene networks to respond to changes in the length of light/dark cycles. In this review, we have focused on developmental processes affected by photoperiod that share similar genes and gene regulatory networks., Peer reviewed

Changing of adsorption geometry during flipping, calculated by DFT: (MP4). Movement of a rotor and a nanocar in the same image sequence: (MP4). Chemical structures, STM images and line profiles, DFT geometry and simulated images, lateral manipulations, voltage pulse position, STS and transmission calculations, movement of the DMNI-P nanocar by negative bias, and simulation of vibrational modes (PDF)., Peer reviewed

GTP binding proteins known as small GTPases make up one of the largest groups of regulatory proteins and control almost all functions of living cells. Their activity is under, respectively, positive and negative regulation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), which together with their upstream regulators and the downstream targets of the small GTPases form formidable signalling networks. While genomics has revealed the large size of the GTPase, GEF and GAP repertoires, only a small fraction of their interactions and functions have yet been experimentally explored. Dictyostelid social amoebas have been particularly useful in unravelling the roles of many proteins in the Rac-Rho and Ras-Rap families of GTPases in directional cell migration and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Genomes and cell-type specific and developmental transcriptomes are available for Dictyostelium species that span the 0.5 billion years of evolution of the group from their unicellular ancestors. In this work, we identified all GTPases, GEFs and GAPs from genomes representative of the four major taxon groups and investigated their phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary conservation and changes in their functional domain architecture and in their developmental and cell-type specific expression. We performed a hierarchical cluster analysis of the expression profiles of the ~2000 analysed genes to identify putative interacting sets of GTPases, GEFs and GAPs, which highlight sets known to interact experimentally and many novel combinations. This work represents a valuable resource for research into all fields of cellular regulation., This research was funded by the European Research Council under grant 742288 and by The Wellcome Trust under grant 100293/Z/12/Z; European Research Council [742288]., Peer reviewed

Fig. S1. HPLC-DAD chromatogram of major betalains and phenolic compounds in Opuntia stricta var. Dillenii obtained by conventional extraction method at 280, 370, 480, and 535 nm. Numbers correspond to the identified compounds indicated at Supplementary Table S2., Peer reviewed

Fig. S2. HPLC-DAD chromatograms obtained at 280 nm, 370 nm, 480 nm and 535 nm of the obtained extract obtained by PLE using 50% ethanol as green solvent (ethanol/water, 50/50, v/v) and temperature of 25°C (run 10). Numbers correspond to the identified compounds indicated at Supplementary Table S1., Peer reviewed

Table S2. HPLC retention time (Rt), maximum absorption (λmax) and m/z of the identified major bioactive compounds from Opuntia stricta var. Dillenii according to Gómez-López et al. (2021a)., Peer reviewed

Multicellular life forms have evolved many times in our planet, suggesting that this is a common evolutionary innovation. Multiple advantages have been proposed for the emergence of multicellularity (MC). In this paper, we address the problem of how the first precondition for multicellularity, namely ‘stay together’ might have occurred under spatially limited resources exploited by a population of unicellular agents. Using a minimal model of evolved cell–cell adhesion among growing and dividing cells that exploit a localized resource with a given size, we show that a transition occurs at a critical resource size separating a phase of evolved multicellular aggregates from a phase where unicellularity (UC) is favoured. The two phases are separated by an intermediate domain where both UC and MC can be selected by evolution. This model provides a minimal approach to the early stages that were required to transition from individuality to cohesive groups of cells associated with a physical cooperative effect: when resources are present only in a localized portion of the habitat, MC is a desirable property as it helps cells to keep close to the available local nutrients., Supplementary images.-- Pseudocode of the model, Peer reviewed

All relevant data are provided in: Lozano-Ojalvo, Daniel; Berin, M. Cecilia (2022), “Allergen recognition by specific effector Th2 cells enables IL-2-dependent activation of regulatory T cell responses in humans”, Mendeley Data, V1, doi: 10.17632/tdxp6b8b64.1, Peer reviewed