BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

[Background] The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) has been acknowledged as the most endangered felid species in the world. An intense contraction and fragmentation during the 20th century left less than 100 individuals split in two isolated and genetically eroded populations by 2002. Genetic monitoring and management so far have been based on 36 STRs, but their limited variability and the more complex situation of current populations demand more efficient molecular markers. The recent characterization of the Iberian lynx genome identified more than 1.6 million SNPs, of which 1,536 were selected and genotyped in an extended Iberian lynx sample., [Methods] We validated 1,492 SNPs and analysed their heterozygosity, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and linkage disequilibrium. We then selected a panel of 343 minimally linked autosomal SNPs from which we extracted subsets optimized for four different typical tasks in conservation applications: individual identification, parentage assignment, relatedness estimation, and admixture classification, and compared their power to currently used STR panels., [Results] We ascribed 21 SNPs to chromosome X based on their segregation patterns, and identified one additional marker that showed significant differentiation between sexes. For all applications considered, panels of autosomal SNPs showed higher power than the currently used STR set with only a very modest increase in the number of markers., [Conclusions] These novel panels of highly informative genome-wide SNPs provide more powerful, efficient, and flexible tools for the genetic management and non-invasive monitoring of Iberian lynx populations. This example highlights an important outcome of whole-genome studies in genetically threatened species., Funding for this project was provided by the Spanish Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica (CGL2013-47755-P), and Banco de Santander, CSIC and Fundación General CSIC through a “Proyectos Cero” grant. DKR and MLP were supported by PhD contracts from Programa Internacional de Becas "La Caixa-Severo Ochoa". FC and BMC were hired under the EcoGenes project funded by the European FP7 programme (264125-FP7-REGPOT-2010-1). EBD-CSIC received support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the ‘Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2013-2017’ program, grants SEV-2012-0262., 1. SNP dataset: 1492 markers; 329 individuals.-- 2. STR dataset: 36 markers; 463 individuals.csv, Peer reviewed

The Global 0.5° gridded SPEI dataset is made available under the Open Database License. Any rights in individual contents of the database are licensed under the Database Contents License. Users of the dataset are free to share, create and adapt under the conditions of attribution and share-alike. The Global SPEI database, SPEIbase, offers long-time, robust information on the drought conditions at the global scale, with a 0.5 degrees spatial resolution and a monthly time resolution. It has a multi-scale character, providing SPEI time-scales between 1 and 48 months. The Standardized Precipitatin-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) expresses, as a standardized variate (mean zero and unit variance), the deviations of the current climatic balance (precipitation minus evapotranspiration potential) with respect to the long-term balance. The reference period for the calculation, in the SPEIbase, corresponds to the whole study period. Being a standardized variate means that the SPEI condition can be compared across space and time. Calculation of the evapotranspiration potential in SPEIbase is based on the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method. Data type: float; units: z-values (standard deviations). No land pixels are assigned a value of 1.0x10^30. In some rare cases it was not possible to achieve a good fit to the log-logistic distribution, resulting in a NAN (not a number) value in the database. Dimensions of the dataset: lon = 720; lat = 360; time = 1356. Resolution of the dataset: lon = 0.5º; lat = 0.5º; time = 1 month. Created in R using the SPEI package (http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/SPEI)., Global gridded dataset of the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) at time scales between 1 and 48 months.-- Spatial resolution of 0.5º lat/lon.-- This is an update of the SPEIbase v2.4 (http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/128892).-- What’s new in version 2.5: 1) Data has been extended to the period 1901-2015 (it was 1901-2014 in v 2.4), based on the CRU TS3.24.01 dataset. 2) A bug on versions 2.2 to 2.4 of the dataset has been corrected that prevented correctly reading the ETo data in mm/month-- For more details on the SPEI visit http://sac.csic.es/spei., Peer reviewed

Data Set License: ODbL 1.0. © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), Drought indices are essential metrics for quantifying drought severity and identifying possible changes in the frequency and duration of drought hazards. In this study, we developed a new high spatial resolution dataset of drought indices covering all of Spain. The dataset includes seven drought indices, spans the period 1961–2014, and has a spatial resolution of 1.1 km and a weekly temporal resolution. A web portal has been created to enable download and visualization of the data. The data can be downloaded as single gridded points for each drought index, but the entire drought index dataset can also be downloaded in netCDF4 format. The dataset will be updated for complete years as the raw meteorological data become available., Data Set: http://monitordesequia.csic.es/, This work was supported by research projects PCIN-2015-220, CGL2014-52135-C03-01, CGL2014-52135-C03-02 and CGL2014-52135-C03-03 financed by the Spanish Commission of Science and Technology and FEDER, IMDROFLOOD financed by the Water Works 2014 co-funded call of the European Commission and INDECIS, financed by the European ERA4CS Joint Call for Transnational Collaborative Research Projects., We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)., Peer reviewed

Lanzarote (Canary Islands) Observed gravity data (Datum GRS80) (RAW DATA with just tidal and drift corrections). Instruments and survey dates: G665 23- 4-1988 to 29-04-1988 G665 02-10-1988 to 08-10-1988 G665 14-11-1993 to 14-11-1993 CG5 12-03-2012 to 15-03-2012 CG5 02-12-2012 to 05-12-2012, Research Projects: 1) Estructura y geodinámica de las islas de Lanzarote y Fuerte-ventura. Aplicación a la investigación de la predicción de riesgo volcánico en Canarias. (PB 91-0150) (IP: Ricardo Vieira) 2) Estudio de largos períodos y de los efectos de presión, estructurales y oceánicos sobre las variaciones de la gravedad para diferentes modelos de Tierra. (PR 83-2424) (IP: José María Torroja) 3) Nuevas metodologias para la integración e interpretación de datos de observacion de la Tierra desde el espacio: Aplicaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra e Ingenieria. (GEOSIR) (AYA2010-17448) (IP: José Fernández), Peer reviewed

This dataset supports the article “Reintroducing endangered raptors: a case study of supplementary feeding and removal of nestlings form wild populations” to be published in Journal of Applied Ecology. In this article, we investigated the effect of supplementary feeding in territorial raptors such as Spanish Imperial Eagle (Aquila adalberti) and bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus). The readme text file attached provides information about the header cells in the dataset. Primary contact for data associated with this article: Miguel Ferrer, mferrer@ebd.csic.es., Peer reviewed

1 file.-- This dataset compiles information obtained during the cruise BOCATS 2016, This dataset gathers discrete measurements of CO2 (pH and alkalinity) and hydrographic variables (salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, phosphate and silicate) obtained during the cruise BOCATS carried out along the OVIDE section from 17 June to 31 July 2016. pH was measured spectrophotometrically following the Clayton and Byrne (1993). This method consists on adding a dye solution to the seawater sample, so that the ratio between two absorbances at two different wavelengths is proportional to the sample pH. Alkalinity was measured using an automatic potentiometric titrator Titrando 809 Metrohm, with a Metrohm 6.0232.100 combination glass electrode and a Pt-1000 probe for temperature measurement following the methodology given by Pérez and Fraga (1987). Dissolved oxygen was analyzed following the widely applied Winkler method. Determinations of nitrate, phosphate and silicate were carried out following methods described by Hansen and Grassoff (1983) Salinity and Temperature were recorded with a CTD probe, BOCATS (CTM2013-41048-P), Peer reviewed

Images of the seeds were obtained with a scanner ScanJet 5300 C (HP). A list attached includes exact locations where seeds were gathered. This dataset is under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non commercial 4.0 International License., Castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is the unique species of the genus Ricinus in the family Euphorbiaceae. Traditionally used in agriculture, the seeds are a source of lipid reserves, secondary metabolites and fuels in the pharmaceutic and oil industry. The first mention of Ricinus communis as a laxative can be traced back to 3500 year-old Egyptian papyrus scrolls. The seeds are poisonous containing 2.8–3% toxic substances such as ricin, a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis, and agglutinin-1. Seed morphology may give information useful in the phenotypic characterization and phylogenetic relationships between varieties and cultivars. The seeds are characterized by high variability essentially in colour, size, weight and shape. Colour varies from red, white, grey, faint chocolate to purple and high variation is exhibited by the surface area, hundred-seed weight showed a wide range of variation from 11.6 to 59.1 g. Accurate geometric description of seeds requires the comparison with geometric figures that resemble seed images. The approach has been developed in the model plant (Arabidopsis thaliana) as well as in the model legumes, Lotus japonicus and Medicago truncatula. In Capparis spinosa the comparison of seed images with the cardioid curve was helpful to describe differences between two subspecies. In R. communis, high phenotypical variability is observed in the seeds, that also represent the interesting part of plant, as oil source. In the analysis of seed shape, the model applied for the geometric description has been an ellipse., Funded through a cooperation between IRNASA-CSIC and National Institute of Research in Rural Engineering, Waters and Forests (INRGREF), University of Carthage, Tunisia., Peer reviewed

The ecological role of species can vary among populations depending on local and regional differences in diet. This is particularly true for top predators such as the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), which exhibits a highly varied diet throughout its distribution range. Local dietary assessments are therefore critical to fully understand the role of this species within marine ecosystems, as well as its interaction with important ecosystem services such as fisheries. Here, we combined stomach content analyses (SCA) and stable isotope analyses (SIA) to describe bottlenose dolphins diet in the Gulf of Cadiz (North Atlantic Ocean). Prey items identified using SCA included European conger (Conger conger) and European hake (Merluccius merluccius) as the most important ingested prey. However, mass-balance isotopic mixing model (MixSIAR), using δ13C and δ15N, indicated that the assimilated diet consisted mainly on Sparidae species (e.g. seabream, Diplodus annularis and D. bellottii, rubberlip grunt, Plectorhinchus mediterraneus, and common pandora, Pagellus erythrinus) and a mixture of other species including European hake, mackerels (Scomber colias, S. japonicus and S. scombrus), European conger, red bandfish (Cepola macrophthalma) and European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus). These contrasting results highlight differences in the temporal and taxonomic resolution of each approach, but also point to potential differences between ingested (SCA) and assimilated (SIA) diets. Both approaches provide different insights, e.g. determination of consumed fish biomass for the management of fish stocks (SCA) or identification of important assimilated prey species to the consumer (SIA)., The study was funded by Fundación Loro Parque, CEPSA (Compañía Española de Petroleos S.A.), EcoCet Project [CGL2011-25543] J.G. and R.dS. were funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R+D+I [SEV-2012-0262]. A.M. and L.N. were partly supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BPD/64889/2009 and SFRH/BD/51416/2011]. Project ECOBOGUE-P11RNM7467 was funded by “Consejería de Economía, Innovación y Ciencia – Junta de Andalucía., Peer reviewed

Global Positioning System (GPS) tags are nowadays widely used in wildlife tracking. This geolocation technique can suffer from fix loss biases due to poor satellite GPS geometry, that result in tracking data gaps leading to wrong research conclusions. In addition, new solar-powered GPS tags deployed on birds can suffer from a new “battery drain bias” currently ignored in movement ecology analyses. We use a GPS tracking dataset of bearded vultures (Gypaetus barbatus), tracked for several years with solar GPS tags, to evaluate the causes and triggers of fix and data retrieval loss biases. We compare two models of solar GPS tags using different data retrieval systems (Argos vs GSM-GPRS), and programmed with different duty cycles. Neither of the models was able to accomplish the duty cycle programed initially. Fix and data retrieval loss rates were always greater than expected, and showed non-random gaps in GPS locations. Number of fixes per month of tracking was a bad criterion to identify tags with smaller biases. Fix-loss rates were four times higher due to battery drain than due to poor GPS satellite geometry. Both tag models were biased due to the uneven solar energy available for the recharge of the tag throughout the annual cycle, resulting in greater fix-loss rates in winter compared to summer. In addition, we suggest that the bias found along the diurnal cycle is linked to a complex three-factor interaction of bird flight behavior, topography and fix interval. More fixes were lost when vultures were perching compared to flying, in rugged versus flat topography. But long fix-intervals caused greater loss of fixes in dynamic (flying) versus static situations (perching). To conclude, we emphasize the importance of evaluating fix-loss bias in current tracking projects, and deploying GPS tags that allow remote duty cycle updates so that the most appropriate fix and data retrieval intervals can be selected., No

Requerimientos de software: Excel, This dataset compiles quantitative information about the resistance of Norway spruce (Picea abies) half-sibs to the pine weevil Hylobius abietis collected in two naturally infested progeny trials established in Southern Sweden. Growth and diverse components of weevil resistance were assessed in each plant., This research was part of the Parasite Resistant Tree Project funded by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, Grant RBb08-0003, to GN and SJ. LS and RZ were supported by the Grant FUTURPIN AGL2015-68274-C03-02R funded by MINECO/FEDER and by the GAIN-Xunta de Galicia Grant IN607A2016/013, No