BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Several studies suggest that the central nervous system coordinates muscle activation by modulating neural commands directed to groups of muscles combined to form muscle synergies. Individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP) move differently from asymptomatic individuals. Understanding the neural strategies involved in the execution of tasks such as walking can help comprehend how the movement is planned and better understand this clinical condition. The objective of this study was to compare muscle synergies between women with and without PFP during walking. Eleven women with PFP and thirteen asymptomatic women were assessed using three-dimensional kinematics and electromyography (EMG) while walking at self-selected speed. Kinematics of the trunk, pelvis and lower limbs were analyzed through the Movement Deviation Profile. Muscle synergies were extracted from the EMG signals of eight lower limb muscles collected throughout the whole gait cycle. Kinematic differences between the two groups (p<0.001, z-score = 3.06) were more evident during loading response, terminal stance, and pre-swing. PFP group presented a lower number of muscle synergies (p = 0.037), and greater variability accounted for (VAFtotal) when using 3 (p = 0.017), 4 (p = 0.004), and 5 (p = 0.012) synergies to reconstruct all EMG signals. The PFP group also presented higher VAFmuscle for rectus femoris (p = 0.048) and gastrocnemius medialis (p = 0.019) when considering 4 synergies. Our results suggest that women with PFP show lower motor complexity and deficit in muscle coordination to execute gait, indicating that gait in PFP is the result of different neural commands compared to asymptomatic women., This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Project EXTEND— Bidirectional Hyper-Connected Neural System) under Grant 779982 and by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR” under Grant agreement IJC2020-044467-I and by The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development– CNPq under Grant 310680/2022-0.

Pressure, temperature, conductivity, and derived salinity data with their associated quality flags from the Vigo section of the monitoring program "Oceanography Time Series in Northern Spain" (RADIALES; https://www.seriestemporales-ieo.net/), carried out by the Instituto Español de Oceanografía. Data were collected biweekly to monthly from August 1987 to September 2020 in the interior of the Ría de Vigo and its adjacent shelf, at four stations with depths ranging from 29 m to 148 m. Data were acquired using MARK III, Sea-Bird Scientific 19 SeaCAT, SBE 9 Plus and SBE 25 Sealogger CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth) profilers. They were processed using Sea-Bird Scientific's Seasoft software package, and subsequently, quality controlled with both ctdcheck (https://github.com/PabloOtero/CTDChecker) and Ocean Data View software., Peer reviewed

R-script [Analyses _Ntansfer_AMN.txt] to reproduce all analyses with the data deposited provided in https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7933200 (Data S1 to S9 [Land_sp_feno2_18, Land_sp_feno2_19, Mypatches, Res2, PhenoWC2, INtran, INenrich, Npheno, Temp_var_pheno_N] and), Peer reviewed

Supplementary material includes derivations of all the susceptibilities, the frequency dependence of χAΔ, the explanation of vanishing of χAΔ in the diffusive limit and the derivations of the equations of motion., Peer reviewed

Biomass data for Arabidopsis thaliana populations. Each row refers to a pot in the pot experiment and shows: the population code treatment (competition, drought, their combination, or control) diversity, i.e. the number of different TE lines that a population was composed of number of individuals at time of biomass harvest total pot biomass average individual biomass (pot biomass/number of individuals) weight of competitors in the pot (0 if no competitors were present), GACR 20-13637S, Peer reviewed

This new version of DisPear allows to evaluate changes in seed dispersal effectiveness of Pyrus bourgaeana under scenarios of fragmentation and defaunation., Spanish Ministry of Science, Education and Universities (PGC2018-094808-B-I00), Peer reviewed

Additional file 1. Biochemical characteristics of 56 individuals stratified by HCV infection status and sex., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red; Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Fundación Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, Peer reviewed

Table S1 Mean Index of Kilometric Abundance (IKA) of wild vertebrate herbivores in both study sites from 2005 to 2022. IKAs are shown as the average number (±1 SE) of individuals detected per survey (the number of surveys is shown in parentheses). Surveys were carried out by the Natural Processes Monitoring Group (Doñana Biological Station). The length of surveys was 14.8 and 14.4 km in Matasgordas and Reserva, respectively. In Matasgordas, there is no or only occasional presence neither cattle nor horse. In Reserva, the maximum number of reproductive females and males (>24 months-old) for cattle and horse is shown. The number of calves and foals is not considered (Data from Doñana Biological Station and Doñana Natural Space). Table S2. Set of competing candidate Generalized Linear Mixed Models to evaluate Chamaerops humilis seedling survival. Table S3. Set of competing candidate Linear Mixed Models to evaluate Chamaerops humilis seedling height and diameter. Table S4. Results of selection of candidate Generalized Linear Mixed Models to evaluate Chamaerops humilis seedling survival ordered by Akaike Information Criterion. The most parsimonious candidate model is shown in bold. Table S5. Results of selection of candidate Linear Mixed Models to evaluate Chamaerops humilis seedling height ordered by Akaike Information Criterion. The most parsimonious candidate model is shown in bold. Table S6. Results of selection of candidate Linear Mixed Models to evaluate Chamaerops humilis seedling diameter ordered by Akaike Information Criterion. The most parsimonious candidate model is shown in bold. Figure S1. Observed average proportion of seedling survival across levels of clipping intensity throughout the field-clipping experiment in both study sites. The number of seedlings for each herbivory intensity is represented within panels. Figure S2. Observed average (±1 SE) seedling height (a, b) and diameter (c, d) of seedlings which survived by the end of field-clipping experiment depending on the levels of clipping intensity and study sites. The number of seedlings for each herbivory intensity is represented within panels. Figure S3. Pearson correlation between the number of emerged and the proportion of surviving Chamaerops humilis seedlings across faecal samples. Confidence intervals (95%) of prediction showed as grey area., Peer reviewed

Although it is well recognized that the strength of plant-herbivore interactions can vary with plant sex and the distance and density of conspecific neighbors, no study has yet assessed their combined influence. Here, we filled this knowledge gap by focusing on the dioecious palm Chamaerops humilis L., and its two main herbivores, the invasive moth Paysandisia archon Burmeister and the feral goat Capra hircus L. We evaluated levels and spatial patterns of herbivory, as well as those of plant size and the number of inflorescences in two palm populations in Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain). Our spatial point pattern analyses revealed that palms not affected by moth herbivory or goat florivory were spatially aggregated, goats fed more strongly upon inflorescences in palms with more neighbors but they consumed more leaves in isolated palms. Interestingly, we could reveal for the first time that plant sex is a key plant trait modulating neighborhood effects. For instance, whereas aggregated female palms experienced lower intensity of goat florivory than isolated ones, male palms showed the opposite pattern. Palm size and the number of inflorescences also showed sex-related differences, suggesting that sexual dimorphism is a key driver of the observed neighborhood effects on herbivory. Our study highlights the importance of considering relevant plant traits such as sex when investigating plant neighborhood effects, calling for further research to fully understand the dynamics governing plant-herbivore interactions in dioecious systems., PGC2018-094808-B-I00,Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities FPU17/05463, Spanish Ministry of Universities, Peer reviewed

Supplemental Material included detailed information, including computational details, convergence testing of k_ph relative to the cutoff for third-order IFCs, fine grid size used for calculating phonon-electron scattering rates, lattice parameters, temperature-dependent contributions to thermal conductivity, scaled phonon dispersion, phonon renormalization, process-specific scattering rates and spectral contributions, weighted phase space, phonon-electron scattering rates, electronic band structures, and Fermi surfaces for different pressures., Peer reviewed