This dataset comprises 20 folders corresponding to the 10 iron plus 10 manganese IRIS film samplings in Salineta playa-lake. Each IRIS sampling includes also a video obtained with the clear IRIS tubes installed close to the IRIS films. We followed the method and camera instrument described in Scott et al. (2021) (DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20171). The videos of the soil allowed the direct monitoring of the oxide-paint removal and guided the successive sampling of the IRIS films. Each sampling included the video-image monitoring of the clear-IRIS tubes and the retrieval of three replicates of Fe and Mn IRIS films. Each folder contains the field photographs of the three iron or manganese films sampled. The photographs were processed: after cropping to the area of interest, they were binarized and the reduced (white) area of the film was then quantified. The numbering of the folders follows the order of sampling, from 1 to 10, and folders are labeled with F for iron and with M for manganese films.

The Excel worksheet included in the present dataset contains the quantification data of the oxide-coating removed from iron and manganese films, together with the quantification of the black sulfides deposited on the iron films. The film area under reducing conditions (white PVC film) is expressed in percentage of the total film area. This percentage of paint removed has been calculated: 1) for every cm of the film depth (50 cm), 2) in the upper 0-30 cm of the film, and 3) in the total length of the film (0-50 cm). The removal rate indicates the reducing conditions evolution and intensity in the studied soils of the saline wetland., The data corresponds to the Spanish study area, the Salineta inland saline wetland (41°28'55.34"N, 0° 9'23.59"W) located 60 km far from Zaragoza city, in one of the most arid areas of the Central Ebro Basin, NE Spain. In this project we studied the redox conditions of the hypersaline soils in Salineta playa-lake, which are subjected to intermittent flooding, along a period of 17 months, in 2019 and 2020. The data were obtained during the monitoring of the soil redox conditions using IRIS (Indicators of Reduction in Soils) films and clear IRIS tubes coated with iron oxide and manganese oxide and supplied by the Prof. Martin Rabenhorst and Dr. Brian Scott, from the University of Maryland, USA. The monitoring of the IRIS films consisted on the quantification of the oxide-coating removed from the films. The oxide-coating of the films was reduced and then dissolved due to the microbial action. Firstly, the manganese-oxide coated films and later the iron-oxide coated films lost gradually their cover paint until showing the white underlying PVC film without paint., These data belong to the research project (AQUASALT), EraNET that in Spain has been supported by grant PCI2018-09299 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110 0 011033 and co-funded by the European Union., Peer reviewed

More than 3000 physical, chemical and morphological data of soils described between December 1980 and July 1981 in the southernmost part of the province of Lérida, NE Spain, are collected in this dataset. The soils are located between the coordinates 41.62°N 1.06°E, and 41.28°N 0.34°E.
Most of the soil samples were taken in backhoe dug pits where their profiles were described. The data —presented here in an Excel spreadsheet— come from the book by J. Porta & R. Julià (eds.) published in 1982 with I.S.B.N. 84-5008771-6. Moreover, two chapters were scanned from this book and included in this dataset as “Description.pdf” and “FormationClassification.pdf”. The author did not proofread the galley proofs of these chapters. The data contained in “Description.pdf” were manually transcribed in 2025 to the excel file “ProfilesLerida04clas.xlsx”.
Care must be taken with the location coordinates given the non-correction of the galley proofs and because the resources available to us 45 years ago were quite rudimentary. The excel file “ProfilesLerida04clas.xlsx” incorporates the correction of obvious errors in the coordinates and their transformation to ETRS89 from the notations used in 1980-81. The help of Ms. Rosa Gómez-Báguena with the coordinates is greatly appreciated.
We also present the file "1989 XVI Reun.SECS Lérida suelos secano", a report including discussion and data about the studied soils., This research was possible thanks to the grant PID2021-127170OB-I00 funded by
MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, and the grant
TED2021-130303B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR”., Peer reviewed

The dataset includes an Excel spreadsheet “shape_attribute_info.xlsx” where the head columns of the attribute table of the shapes “livestock” and “crop” are explained., Apart from the basic information from the whole basins, we include the compressed folder named “Farnaca.zip” containing the geographic files used for the specific study of this area in the “Saladas de Sástago-Bujaraloz”: the shape (polygon) delimitating the study area (“area_farnaca”), and the slope of this polygon, We presented the background information for the study “An assessment of the N load from animal farms in saline wetland catchments in the Ebro Basin, NE Spain”. The studied wetlands basins are the: Saladas de Alcañiz-Calanda, Gallocanta Lake, Saladas de Sástago-Bujaraloz and Sariñena Lake. All the areas are catalogued in the Natura 2000 European Network, under the European Directives Birds (2009/147/EC) and Habitats (92/43/EEC), and are nitrates vulnerable areas according to the European Water Framework Directive (WFD, 91/676/EC) designation. The data presented here belong to the research projects AGROWET, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR”, and ISABEL, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”.
The dataset includes 4 compressed folders: “Saladas de Alcañiz-Calanda (ALC).zip”, “Gallocanta Lake (GA).zip”, “Saladas de Sastago-Bujaraloz (BU).zip” and “Sariñena Lake (SA).zip”. Each folder comprises fives GIS files generated in ArcGIS v.10.8: the “Watershed_name_of_basin”, “dem_name_of_basin”, “NVZ_name_of_basin” (Nitrate Vulnerable Zone), “Livestock_name_of_basin” and “Crop_name_of_basin”.
“Watershed_name_of_basin” is a shape (polygon) delimited following the drainage divides with the help of the digital elevation model (DEM). “DEM_name_of_basin” is a raster file generated from the LiDAR data with a vertical accuracy of 2 m and a density of 0.5 points m2. “NVZ_name_of_basin” is a shape (polygon) downloaded from the National Spatial Data Infrastructure of the MITECO website (https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/cartografia-y-sig/ide/descargas/agua/zonas-vulnerables.html). “Livestock_name_of_basin” is a shape (point) of the livestock census collected as Table from the official administrative Register of Livestock Farms of Aragon, Spain (REGA), and it was available in the Open Data platform (https://opendata.aragon.es/). This shape presents a legend layer (.lyr). “Crop_name_of_basin” is a shape (polygon) based on the information provided by the farmer declarations in the context of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). This shape presents a legend layer with the declared crops grouped for a better spatial representation. The abovementioned geographic layers are map projected in the European Datum ETRS89/UTM zone 30N., Agencia Estatal de Investigación:
PID2021-127170OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”

Agencia Estatal de Investigación:
TED2021-130303B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR”, Peer reviewed

Bardenas is the name of an area of semi-arid land extending over conterminous parts of the regions of Aragon and Navarre in the Ebro Valley, northern Spain. Nowadays, large areas of Bardenas are irrigated. In the 1950’s the Spanish Government installed peasant families in the newly irrigated lands, but salinity problems became apparent threatening the economy of the area. Two outreach publications (García-Menéndez, 1957; Puig, 1960) included here show the social concerns about salinity in Bardenas and its perception at that time. Years later, the engineer in charge of the biggest irrigation project in the Ebro Valley still emphasized the challenges posed by soil salinity (De los Ríos, 1966, 1986). Also, a seasoned Agricultural engineer stressed the feasibility of irrigating saline and gypseous lands (Jordana, 1989).
In the same way, the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture launched studies and field experiments on soil salinity managed through its IRYDA agency. We provide the link (https://dara.aragon.es/opac/app/results/ahpz?q=A/025621/0001&ob=re:1) to a report based on soil and water samples taken between April 1972 and March 1974. We have georeferenced the five plans of the report, which are included here as .tif files. We also present “Shapefiles Bardenas” folder with the three files for (i) the study area, (ii) the observations localization, and (iii) the soil profiles. Moreover, the file “Maps Bardenas Process.docx” explains how we elaborated the maps from the folded plans included in the report of IRYDA. Three xlsx files show the analytical data of soils, phreatic waters, and irrigation waters, respectively.
To our knowledge, the report is one of the earlier ꟷif not the earliestꟷ dedicated to the saline soils of Bardenas using methods of soil description, analysis and classification that allow the easy comparison of the information gathered with other successive pedological and agricultural studies. Its data provide a basis for the evaluation of desalination techniques and other agricultural practices carried out in the fields of Bardenas whose irrigation began 60 years ago., Gobierno de Aragón; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas;
PID2021-127170OB-100 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, and the grant TED2021-130303B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR”., Peer reviewed

8 Pags.- 2 Figs.- 4 Tabls. Data Availability: Gypsum from soils of chesas, NE Spain (Original data) (Mendeley Data: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/r57drh58pm/4). © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license., The dataset [1] hosts pedological info and images of the lands —locally known as chesas— of the outcropping gypsiferous core of the Barbastro-Balaguer anticline (Fig. 1). It stands out in the landscape for the linear reliefs due to outcrops of dipping strata with differential resistance to erosion, and also because of its whitish color (Fig. 2) and gypsophilous vegetation. This gypsum outcrop was named in the 19th Century [2] as a gypseous belt, and has been further studied by other geologists like [3,4] and by civil engineers e.g. Hué and Llamas [5]. Traditionally chesas were rangeland, with sparse almond and olive trees and rainfed winter cereals confined at the flat —and often terraced— valley bottoms, or vales as known in NE Spain. The chesas have attracted the attention of botanists [[6], [7], [8]], foresters [9,10], and soil hydrophysical properties researchers [11]. Moreover, public interest is increasing as the administrations are establishing rules for nature protection in the gypseous lands, e.g., a demarcation of 137 km2 set within the chesas was declared a Special Conservation Area “ES2410074 Yesos de Barbastro”, and then protected by the Habitats Directive of European Union. Also, plant physiologists are focusing on the adaptations of plants to gypsum as reviewed by Escudero et al. [12]. No soil map is available, but according to [13,14] the Gypsic Haploxerepts [15] are dominant. In the absence of a soil map, our dataset can help in the decisions to be made by the authorities, as is the case for water allocation to irrigated estates both in operation and planned, or for authorizations for the spreading of pig slurry.
The herein presented soil data were collected with the classical techniques of pedological prospection. The dataset [1] contains the scans in .TIFF format of 150 whole thin sections of the soils, under both plane polarized light (PPL) and cross polarized light (XPL). Moreover, this dataset directs to a freely downloadable book [16] with the corresponding pedological descriptions, chemical and physical analyses, hydrophysical data, and scanning electron microscope images of the soils, plus micrographs of relevant pedofeatures of thin sections seen under petrographic microscope. The dataset [1] also presents a .xlsx file with an English translation of all figure captions of [16], including those of micrographs, and two more .xlsx files with analytical data. All data can be reused directly by naturalists, engineers, technicians and public servants in charge of environmental law development and enforcement, as well as by people involved in citizen science activities. Thin sections remain stored at EEAD and can be examined at our premises upon request., This research was made possible by the grant PID2021-127170OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, and the grant TED2021-130303B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR”., Peer reviewed