Resultados de investigación

Peer reviewed

Peer reviewed

Todos los años, a partir de la última semana de abril, se visitaron las cajas nido una vez por semana hasta que se detectó la puesta de huevos. Tras de la eclosión de los huevos, se visitaron los nidos semanalmente para registrar los parámetros reproductivos. La captura de adultos para este estudio se realizó a mano, mientras dormía en el nido en el caso de las hembras y, en el caso de los machos, con trampas para nidos cuando llevan alimento para los pollos. Todos los individuos se marcaron con anillas metálicas y fueron sexados según la placa de incubación (solo presente en hembras). Además, tras la captura, se fotografió a todos los adultos para la asignación de color, se extrajeron muestras de sangre y se recogieron plumas para evaluar el perfil de corticosterona y se midió la tasa de respiraciones por minuto. Además se midió la territorialidad de los machos como el tiempo que tardaron en responder al canto de otro macho en su territorio, así como la duración de esta respuesta. Para ello se emitieron cantos de machos adultos en el entorno del nido. En el caso de las hembras, se grabó su comportamiento de respuesta frente al investigador al visitarlas en el nido. Adicionalmente, se realizaron grabaciones internas en todos los nidos durante el periodo nidícola de los pollos, de las que se extrajeron datos sobre el tiempo de latencia en retornar al nido de ambos progenitores y las tasas de cebas aportadas al nido., This work was founded by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness by the projects CGL2008-00718, CGL2011-27561, CGL2014-56769-P and CGL2017-83503-P. ACM was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BES-2015-074948). DP was supported by the government of Extremadura (TA13002)., Parental care data; Behavioural traits and corticosterone levels data, Peer reviewed

The study was funded by the Spanish Ministries of Education and Science/FEDER and of Economy and Competitiveness, respectively, through the projects CGL2011-27561/BOS, CGL2014-56769-P and CGL2017-83503-P and by the Government of Extremadura through the contract TA13002 to D.P., Nest_ID Nest identification Treatment Experimental treatment applied to each nest Year Year of study Analysis_Nest Variable indicating data to analyse data per nest because each row represents a chick Laying date Laying date of the first egg within each nest Clutch size Total number of eggs in a clutch No. of fledglings No. of chicks that fledged per nest Predation_nest Variable showing whether a nest were predated (1) or not (0) Chick_ID Chick identification Fledging_weight Weight of chicks just before fledging Mean_fledgling_weight Mean weight of fledglings per nest Fledgling_NAbs Nabs level of each chick Mean_Nabs_fledglings Mean Nab level of chicks per nest Fledgling_success Variable showing whether a chick fledged (1) or not (0) Female_ID Female identification Female_color Female color as brownish (1) versus greyish (0) Male_ID Male identification Male_color Male color as brownish (1) versus greyish (0), Peer reviewed

Social information use has well-known fitness benefits. However, causes underlying the apparent inter-individual variability in the propensity to use social information are poorly studied. Melanins are pigments responsible for most of intra-specific color variation in vertebrates and their variation is often associated with changes in behaviour. Here, we explored whether melanism is related to individual propensity to use social information in the color polymorphic scops owl Otus scops. We manipulated social information on predation risk at nests by broadcasting calls of the sympatric little owl Athene noctua and found that owlets of brownish females exposed to alarm calls had lower levels of natural antibodies than those of greyish females. In parallel, we found changes in parental behaviour contingent on coloration because when exposed to the risky treatment brownish females returned earlier to nests than greyish females and owlets raised by brownish females were fed with smaller prey than those raised by greyish ones. These results provide support for a previous ignored role of melanins on the propensity to use social information, which may help to explain the maintenance of melanin-based color polymorphisms wherever social environments are variable., The study was funded by the Spanish Ministries of Education and Science/FEDER and of Economy and Competitiveness, respectively, through the projects CGL2011-27561/BOS, CGL2014-56769-P and CGL2017-83503-P and by the Government of Extremadura through the contract TA13002 to D.P., Nest_ID Nest identification Treatment Experimental treatment applied to each nest Year Year of study Laying date Laying date of the first egg within each nest Pre-treatment recording time Recording time before the application of the treatment to calculate provisioning rate During-treatment recording time Recording time during the application of the treatment to calculate provisioning rate Pre-treatment male latency Time elapsed from the onset of filming before treatment until the male returned to its normal activities During-treatment male latency Time elapsed from the onset of filming during treatment until the male returned to its normal activities Change in male latency Difference in male latency between during- and pre-treatment periods Pre-treatment female latency Time elapsed from the onset of filming before treatment until the female returned to its normal activities During-treatment female latency Time elapsed from the onset of filming during treatment until the female returned to its normal activities Change in female latency Difference in female latency between during- and pre-treatment periods Pre-treatment female provisioning rate Female provisioning rate during the pre-treatment period During-treatment female provisioning rate Female provisioning rate during the treatment Change in female provisioning rate Difference in female provisioning rate between during- and pre-treatment periods Pre-treatment male provisioning rate Male provisioning rate during the pre-treatment period During-treatment male provisioning rate Male provisioning rate during the treatment Change in male provisioning rate Difference in male provisioning rate between during- and pre-treatment periods Pre-treatment prey size Size of the provisioned prey (separated by commas) during the pre-treatment period Pre-treatment mean prey size Mean size of all the provisioned prey during the pre-treatment period During-treatment prey size Size of the provisioned prey (separated by commas) during treatment During-treatment mean prey size Mean size of all the provisioned prey during the treatment Change in prey size Difference in mean prey size between during- and pre-treatment periods Female_ID Female identification Female_color Female color as brownish (1) versus greyish (0) Male_ID Male identification Male_color Male color as brownish (1) versus greyish (0), Peer reviewed

ZFL cells were exposed to BPA (5, 20, 50 µM), BPF (5, 20, 50 µM) and BADGE·2HCl (1, 5, 10 µM) for 24 hours and intracellular lipids were measured by UHPLC-HRMS/MS using a Q-Exactive Orbitrap as a mass spectrometer., Lipids identified in ZFL cells using UHPLC-HRMS/MS and LipidMatch flow for data treatment. The file contains molecular formulae, m/z ratio, retention time and lipid subclass at the maximum intensity for each lipid. It also includes a column entitled ID Ranked (1=Data-Dependent (top 30) MS/MS fragment m/z match, 3=Headgroup m/z match (class-ID))., Peer reviewed

Study area and study species The study was conducted during the years 2015, 2016 and 2017 in a south-eastern region of Spain (Hoya de Guadix, 37º15’N, 3º01’W), where nest-boxes attached to tree trunks or walls at 3–4 m above-ground are available for starlings to breed in (for further information on the study area see Soler et al. (2017)). In the studied starling population, the reproductive season starts in early April and most individuals lay a second clutch during May-June. The most common clutch size is 62 plants to the nest, which have been shown to have antimicrobial-beneficial functions4-5 eggs. Here, we will focus on the colouration of the base of the beak, a trait with a more marked sexual differentiation as we can see in its reflectance at different wavelengths (Fig. 1). Fieldwork and experimental procedure In this population, courtship activity (e.g. singing, introducing fresh green plants and feathers in nest boxes) starts in February, more than one month before egg laying (pers. obs.). During this period, some birds roost in nest-boxes and we take advantage ofthis fact for conducting yearly bird trapping sessions in the study area (twice a year between February and mid-March). One hour before dawn, we closed the entrance of all nest boxes in the study area, and immediately after dawn, we captured by hand all individuals found roosting inside. Captured birds were kept individually in clean cotton bags hanging from a stick to keep birds quiet, and were released immediately after sampling. The maximum time that a captured starling was in the bag did never exced three hours. We explored the possible effect of time that birds were kept in the bag on bird colouration and body condition measures of the males that we recaptured by classifying them as being kept in the bag less than 1 hour (N(males) = 10), between 1 and 2 hours (N = 5), and between 2 and 3 hours (N = 7). After controlling for the effect of date of first and last capture, time between captures, treatment and size of throat feathers in the first capture, results showed that retaining time 184 in first captures did not significantly affect blue, red-yellow, or brightness colouration of the beak of males (F1,15 < 2.66, P > 0.124), nor body condition (F1, 10 = 2.19, P = 0.170) in subsequent captures. It neither had any apparent long-term consequences (see Ruiz-Rodríguez et al. (2015)), nor imply apparent negative effects on breeding performance of captured birds (Soler et al. 2008), This work was supported by the currently named Ministerio de Ciencia,es and European (FEDER) funds (GL2013C-48193-C3-1-P, CGL2017-83103-P Innovación Universidad, CGL2017-89063-P). MAG was financed by a predoctoral contract (BES-2014-068661) from the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, and GT by the Ramón y Cajal Programme, Peer reviewed

This Letter presents a search for the production of a long-lived neutral particle (Zd) decaying within the ATLAS hadronic calorimeter, in association with a standard model (SM) Z boson produced via an intermediate scalar boson, where Z→+ (=e, μ). The data used were collected by the ATLAS detector during 2015 and 2016 pp collisions with a center-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36.1±0.8 fb-1. No significant excess of events is observed above the expected background. Limits on the production cross section of the scalar boson times its decay branching fraction into the long-lived neutral particle are derived as a function of the mass of the intermediate scalar boson, the mass of the long-lived neutral particle, and its cτ from a few centimeters to one hundred meters. In the case that the intermediate scalar boson is the SM Higgs boson, its decay branching fraction to a long-lived neutral particle with a cτ approximately between 0.1 and 7 m is excluded with a 95% confidence level up to 10% for mZd between 5 and 15 GeV., Peer reviewed

The corresponding 2.5D electrical forward and inverse problem is solved on an unstructured mesh with tetrahedral elements using BERT (Boundless Electrical Resistivity Tomography) (Rucker et al. 2006, Gunther et al. 2006) and pyGIMLi (Generalized Inversion and Modeling Library) (Rucker et al. 2017)., Surface electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a widely used tool to study seawater intrusion (SWI). It is noninvasive and offers a high spatial coverage at a low cost, but it is strongly affected by decreasing resolution with depth. We conjecture that the use of CHERT (cross-hole ERT) can partly overcome these resolution limitations since the electrodes are placed at depth, which implies that the model resolution does not decrease in the zone of interest. The objective of this study is to evaluate the CHERT for imaging the SWI and monitoring its dynamics at the Argentona site, a well-instrumented field site of a coastal alluvial aquifer located 40 km NE of Barcelona. To do so, we installed permanent electrodes around boreholes attached to the PVC pipes to perform time-lapse monitoring of the SWI on a transect perpendicular to the coastline. After two years of monitoring, we observe variability of SWI at different time scales: (1) natural seasonal variations and aquifer salinization that we attribute to long-term drought and (2) short-term fluctuations due to sea storms or flooding in the nearby stream during heavy rain events. The spatial imaging of bulk electrical conductivity allows us to explain non-trivial salinity profiles in open boreholes (step-wise profiles really reflect the presence of fresh water at depth). By comparing CHERT results with traditional in situ measurements such as electrical conductivity of water samples and bulk electrical conductivity from induction logs, we conclude that CHERT is a reliable and cost-effective imaging tool for monitoring SWI dynamics., This work was funded by the project CGL2016-77122-C2-1-R/2-R of the Spanish Government.We would like to thank SIMMAR (Serveis Integrals de Manteniment del Maresme) and the Consell Comarcal del Maresme in the construction of the research site. This project also received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant 480 Agreement No 722028. Author Albert Folch is a “Serra-Húnter Fellow”., Name of raw data files: chert_argentona_1.txt chert_argentona_2.txt chert_argentona_3.txt chert_argentona_4.txt chert_argentona_5.txt chert_argentona_6.txt chert_argentona_7.txt chert_argentona_8.txt chert_argentona_9.txt chert_argentona_10.txt chert_argentona_11.txt chert_argentona_12.txt chert_argentona_13.txt chert_argentona_14.txt chert_argentona_15.txt chert_argentona_16.txt chert_plus_surfaceert_argentona.txt Content of raw data files: List of electrodes X and Z positions (with topography), and list of quadripoles (a, b, m, n) with measured resistance (r), error (err), geometric factor (k), and apparent resistivity (rhoa). This files are formatted to go through the BERT program for 2.5D ERT modeling and inversion. The “chert_plus_surfaceert_argentona.txt” raw file combines cross-hole and surface ERT data from Sep 8th, 2015. Name of inverse data files: chert_argentona_sigma_model_1.vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_2. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_3. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_4. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_5. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_6. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_7. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_8. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_9. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_10. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_11. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_12. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_13. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_14. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_15. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_16. Vector chert_plus_surfaceert_argentona.vector (Reference Model for Time-lapse Inversion), Peer reviewed

[EN] The modification of CueZn catalysts with low amount of Al and Ga (AlþGa ¼ 3%) was investigated and data corresponding to its influence on the decomposition of the calcined precursors and on the nanomorphology and surface concentration of reduced catalysts were presented in this contribution. The data presented here are supplementary material of the catalysts presented in the research article “Structure and activity of Cu/ZnO catalysts comodified with aluminium and gallium for methanol synthesis” published in Catalysis Today [1]., The present investigation was performed within the research program CTQ2016-76505-C3-1 supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. Elena Millán would like to acknowledge the FPI programme from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for the research grant., Peer reviewed