Resultados de investigación

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic and its rapid spread shook health authorities worldwide at the regional and national levels. Healthcare systems had difficulty acquiring important supplies, such as face shields, which at that time were essential for healthcare staff. The need for this material increased with the spread of the pandemic. In most areas, warehouses did not have a sufficient stock of this product. This situation has occurred in the cities and provinces of Burgos (Spain). Volunteers (citizens and small companies) owning three-dimensional printers offered themselves to manufacture face shields. These volunteers are called “makers.” Similarly, different organizations (mainly Civil Protection) took charge of transport activities (delivery of material to the makers, collection of face shields, and delivery of the latter to hospitals and other entities). In this study, we were tasked with developing a system for planning and rationalizing these activities. The problems that were solved included a vehicle routing problem with different characteristics compared with other models in the literature. A previous work described this problem, and the heuristic method used for the planning. However, it is necessary to develop tools that are as efficient as possible for similar situations. In this study, we propose a mathematical formulation of the problem and a method based on the metaheuristic strategies variable neighborhood search and greedy randomize adaptative search procedure on a multistart framework. Different tests with real instances used during the period in which these activities were conducted show that the new method improves the results obtained by the previous method as well as the commercial software., The authors are grateful to the following entities and projects: The Spanish Research Agency (Projects PID2019-104263RB-C44, PDC2021–121021-C22, and PID2022-139543OB-C44) and the Regional Government of “Castilla y León” and FEDER funds (Project BU056P20).

Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanotoxin with an increasing occurrence, and therefore it is important to elucidate its toxicity profile. CYN has been classified as a cytotoxin, although the scientific literature has already revealed that it affects a wide range of organs and systems. However, research on its potential immunotoxicity is still limited. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of CYN on two human cell lines representative of the immune system: THP-1 (monocytes) and Jurkat (lymphocytes). CYN reduced cell viability, leading to mean effective concentrations (EC50 24 h) of 6.00± 1.04 µM and 5.20± 1.20 µM for THP-1 and Jurkat cells, respectively, and induced cell death mainly by apoptosis in both experimental models. Moreover, CYN decreased the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages after 48 h of exposure. In addition, an up-regulation of the mRNA expression of different cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) 2, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (INF-ɣ), was also observed mainly after 24 h exposure in both cell lines. However, only an increase in TNF-_ in THP-1 supernatants was observed by ELISA. Overall, these results suggest the immunomodulatory activity of CYN in vitro. Therefore, further research is required to evaluate the impact of CYN on the human immune system. Dataset contains the numerical values of the results obtained regarding cytotoxicity, differentiation, cell death mechanisms (apoptosis/necrosis), gene expression and interleukin leakage., Numerical data of the results of cytotoxicity, differentiation, cell death mechanisms (apoptosis/necrosis), gene expression and interleukin leakage

The aim of this study was to assess the potential mutagenicity and genotoxicity of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced-graphene oxide (rGO) following the recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Thus, the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) and the micronucleus test (MN) were performed in L5178YTk ± cells, and the Caco-2 cells were used for the standard and modified comet assays. The results indicated that GO (0–250 μg/mL) was not mutagenic in the MLA. However, rGO revealed mutagenic activity from 250 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL after 4h and 24h of exposure, respectively. In the MN test, negative results were obtained for both compounds at the concentrations assayed (0–250 μg/mL) for GO/rGO. Moreover, no DNA strand breaks, or oxidative DNA damage were detected in Caco-2 cells exposed to GO (0–250 μg/mL) and rGO (0–176.3 μg/mL for 24h and 0–166.5 μg/mL for 48h). Dataset contains the numerical values of the results obtained regarding to MLA assay 4 and 24 h, MN test 24h and comet assay 24 and 48h., Numerical data of the results of MLA assay, MN test and comet assay

The cytotoxicity response of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was investigated in monocytes (THP-1) and human T cells (Jurkat). A mean effective concentration (EC50-24 h) of 121.45 ± 11.39 μg/mL and 207.51 ± 21.67 μg/mL for cytotoxicity was obtained in THP-1 and Jurkat cells, respectively. rGO decreased THP-1 monocytes differentiation at the highest concentration after 48 h of exposure. Regarding the inflammatory response at genetic level, changes (up and downregulations) were observed depending on the cell line, the exposure time and the interleukins investigated. Apoptosis/ necrosis genes expression was not altered in THP-1 cells but in Jurkat cells BAX and BCL-2 were downregulated after 4h. Finally, rGO did not trigger a significant release of any cytokine at any exposure time assayed. Dataset contains the numerical values of the results obtained regarding cytotoxicity, differentiation, gene expression and interleukin leakage., Numerical data of the results of cytotoxicity, differentiation, gene expression and interleukin leakage

Relació d'ajuts concedits a autors de la Universitat de Barcelona per publicar en accés obert durant l'any 2022. Inclou en format CSV el DOI, el títol, els autors, el nom de la revista i l'import concedit

Este archivo recoge los datos de una encuesta realizada en 2021 en la Universitat Jaume I. La encuesta en su conjunto incluye aspectos como acceso abierto, igualdad de género en la investigación, conocimiento sobre ética de la investigación y gobernanza ética. En esta selección de datos se recoge exclusivamente las respuestas a 7 preguntas referidas a la percepción de malas prácticas de los investigadores. Concretamente estos datos permiten ver los tipos de malas prácticas que se perciben como prevalentes según la comunidad académica de una universidad.