Resultados de investigación

La inteligencia emocional (IE) y el afrontamiento resiliente (AR) han mostrado influencias positivas en el compromiso ocupacional (CO). Considerando la falta de estudios en esta línea, el presente trabajo examina el rol del AR como mediador y moderador en la relación entre la IE y el CO en una muestra de 338 docentes noveles (58,9% mujeres; Medad= 26,85, DT= 5,66). Los resultados mostraron que el AR mediaba (B= ,20; IC= ,02, ,37), pero no moderaba esta relación (B= -,01; IC= -,31, ,29). Se discuten las implicaciones para el diseño de acciones de promoción de actitudes laborales positivas en la formación inicial docente., -Junta de Andalucía (UMA18-FEDERJA-147) -Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2020-117006RB-I00) -Grupo PAIDI CTS-1048 de la Junta de Andalucía -Universidad de Málaga (contratos postdoctorales) -Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (FJC2019-038942-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)

The present study focuses on the interplay of emotion-regulation ability and perceived workplace social support as predictors of job satisfaction and happiness in a Spanish multi-occupational sample. A total of 494 working adults (39.4% females) took part in this study. Emotion-regulation ability and perceived support from colleagues and supervisors were positively associated. In addition, emotion-regulation ability and perceived support from colleagues and supervisors showed positive associations with job satisfaction and happiness. Furthermore, considering results from moderation analyses, when low levels of perceived workplace social support were reported, the relationship between emotion regulation and both job satisfaction and happiness was stronger than in cases of higher perceived workplace support. In line with previous studies, these findings suggest that training in emotion regulation abilities may take into consideration the potential moderating role of job characteristics such as support from colleagues and supervisors. Finally, theoretical and practical implications of the joint study of these factors in line with the Job Demands-Resources model and the Emotional Intelligence framework are discussed., Proyecto I+D+i del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (PSI2012-38813) Ayuda predoctoral del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (FPU16/02238) Plan Propio de Investigación de la Universidad de Málaga (PPIT.UMA.B1.2017/23)

Measurements, ages and references of the specimens analyzed., Junta de Andalucía, Universidad de Málaga

Background: Problematic smartphone use (PSU) is a public health issue that is currently rising among adoles- cents. The Compensatory Internet Use Theory (CIUT) poses that difficulties in handling negative life circum- stances could result in PSU. Furthermore, the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model suggests that the interaction between core characteristics and affective and cognitive responses could lead to PSU. The present study aimed to clarify the links between psychological distress and PSU by exploring rumi- nation as a mediator and emotional intelligence (EI) as a moderator. Methods: A sample of 1882 adolescents (54% female, 46% male) completed measures of psychological distress, rumination, EI and PSU. The PROCESS macro was used to conduct a moderated mediation analysis. Results: The mediation results showed a significant indirect effect from psychological distress to PSU through rumination. Furthermore, EI was a significant moderator of this effect. Thus, in adolescents with higher EI, the effect of psychological distress on PSU through rumination was not significant. Limitations: Cross-sectional data do not imply causality and further studies should use longitudinal designs. Self- report questionnaires may be susceptible to social desirability bias and future studies including other sources of information may help to minimize such bias. Conclusions: This study contributes to the field of problematic digital technology usage, showing that the link between psychological distress and PSU depends on the EI levels, which might influence PSU indirectly through rumination. Furthermore, empirical evidence for the CIUT and I-PACE models was provided. Lastly, in- terventions aiming at training EI may aid in the prevention of PSU., Universidad de Málaga (PPIT.UMA.A2.2019) Grupo PAIDI Applied Positive Lab CTS-1048 (Junta de Andalucía) Proyecto I+D+i del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España (PID2020-117006RB-I00) Fondos FEDER/Junta de Andalucía (UMA 18-FEDERJA-147)

The possible protective factor of gratitude on experiences of cyberbullying behaviours and anxiety symptomatology was examined. A sample of 981 adolescents (55.45% females) participated in a two-wave study, completing three self-report measures. There was a period of 16 weeks between the two data collections. The measuring instruments assessed gratitude (Gratitude Questionnaire: GQ-5), cybervictimisation (European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire: ECIPQ) and anxiety symptomatology (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales: DASS). A serial mediation analysis was performed to examine the possible predictor role of gratitude on cybervictimisation and anxiety symptomatology. Outcomes reported that gratitude was related to cybervictimisation (Time 1) and anxiety symptomatology (Time 2). Furthermore, a sequential pathway was found from gratitude to cybervictimisation 16 weeks later, firstly through cybervictimisation (Time 1) and then through anxiety symptomatology (Time 2). These findings confirm previous research about the protective role of gratitude to minimise the negative impact of cyberbullying behaviours. Moreover, the first evidence on the potential protective role of gratitude for decreasing the likelihood of suffering cybervictimisation is provided., Universidad de Málaga Grupo PAIDI Applied Positive Lab CTS-1048 (Junta de Andalucía) Proyecto I+D+i del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España (PID2020-117006RB-I00)

Problematic social media use (PSMU) has become an increasingly researched area in the general population, specifically among adolescents. Due to its association with poor well-being and negative consequences, it is important to have assessment instruments that are valid and reliable in evaluating PSMU. The Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) is the most widely used scale to assess PSMU. The present study analyzed the psychometric properties of a Spanish version of the BSMAS among Spanish adolescents. The sample comprised 688 adolescents from Spain (54% girls), aged 12 to 18 years (M = 14.23 years) who completed a number of self-report questions and psychometric scales. The reliability, construct validity, concurrent validity, and criterion validity of the BSMAS were evaluated. Additionally, the measurement invariance by gender and age group was also calculated. The results indicated good reliability indices (coefficients’ range = 0.75–0.83). Moreover, PSMU was positively associated with problematic smartphone use, frequency of social networking site use, depression, anxiety, and loneliness and negatively associated with self-esteem and flourishing (r range = -0.16–0.65). Furthermore, configural, metric, and scalar invariance was established among boys and girls, and younger and older adolescents. The study provides preliminary evidence indicating that the Spanish BSMAS is a reliable and valid instrument to assess PSMU among Spanish-speaking adolescents., Proyecto I+D+i PID2020-117006RB-I00 financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/, el grupo PAIDI Applied Positive Lab CTS-1048 (Junta de Andalucía) y la universidad de Málaga (PPIT.UMA.A2.2019)

Los datos de investigación son entrevistas realizadas a docentes de una centro educativo con distintos perfiles educativos. Es parte inicial de un proyecto que se está llevando a cabo en los cursos 2024/25 y 2025/26. El objetivo principal fue investigar las causas del estrés y la fatiga mental que el profesorado tiene en la actualidad y si ha cambiado en los últimos años debido a la pandemia o a otros motivos., Junta de Andalucía proyecto PIV-035/24 Mejorar del estrés y la fatiga mental docente: las causas

Considering the increasing rates of bullying in adolescence, more empirical evidence on how multiple factors work together in relation to the bully-victim role is needed. This study aims to explore individual and perceived school-level factors associated with the bully-victim role in the context of traditional bullying and cyberbullying, based on the social-ecological model. Factors such as aggressive conflict resolution, normative adjustment, emotional dysregulation, peer social network, teacher apathy, teacher support, and school connectedness were analyzed. Gender differences were also examined. Participants were 854 students (402 girls) between 11 and 18 years of age (M = 13.65; SD = 1.36) from four secondary schools. Results indicated common factors associated with the bully-victim role in both traditional bullying and cyberbullying, such as aggressive conflict resolution, normative adjustment, and school connectedness. Whereas higher teacher support was associated with the bully-victim role in traditional bullying, lower peer social network was associated with the cyberbully-victim role. Gender interaction effects were found in traditional bullying, with the likelihood of being a bully-victim being higher for girls with higher levels of teacher support and lower school connectedness. Our results highlight that individual factors affect bully-victims in traditional bullying and cyberbullying, and act in concert with perceived environmental conditions in the education context. Discipline and norm adjustment, as well as socio-emotional competencies such as emotional regulation and adequate conflict resolution, are important for preventing bully-victim involvement. Key factors in the school context to prevent double-role involvement are discussed., Este trabajo fue apoyado por el programa de ayudas postdoctorales Juan de la Cierva-Formación del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España [número FJC2019-038942-I/AEI/10.13039/501100011033]; la Junta de Andalucía bajo la concesión Talento Doctores [ref POSTDOC_21_00364]; por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades de España [PID2020-115913GB-I00] y el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/Agencia Estatal de Investigación/10.13039/501100011033 y la Unión Europea “NextGenerationEU/Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia” financiaron la beca de N.M.F [RYC2021-034977-I].

This study aims to investigate the underrepresentation of women within the population identified as gifted. Having in to account that several explanations have been given: possible differences in personality traits, competencies and/or motivations, beliefs and gender stereotypes expectations, and the development of gender-differentiated behaviors. It is of great importance to include these factors in observation as well as in evaluation and screening protocols for children and adolescents. Therefore, the study objective is to define if there are significant differences in gender-related personality styles and behavior patterns between sexes in highly talented adolescents. Thus, 159 adolescents between 11 and 16 years of age, divided into two groups participated. The gifted group consisted of 85 adolescents (40 boys and 45 girls); and the typical group were 74 adolescents (49 boys and 25 girls). Participants were evaluated with personality, resilience, perfectionism, rule-following, perseverative thinking and experimental avoidance tests. Results showed that girls of gifted group had significantly higher scores than boys in some “negative” personality styles and behavior patterns; and significantly lower scores than boys in some “positive”. These have some implications in assessing and supporting gifted population, which are discussed., Este trabajo se realizó sin fuentes de financiación externas

Se presentan los modelos en 3D con formato stl de los cráneos analizados en la publicación Pérez-Ramos et al. (2020). Los modelos fueron construidos a partir de Tacs. Se escanearon doce cráneos procedentes de diferentes museos. Los cráneos de Ursus thibetanus, Ailuropoda melanoleuca y Tremarctos ornatus están conservados en las colecciones osteológicas de la Universidad de Valladolid (España). El escáner CT utilizado para estos cráneos es un escáner CT médico del modelo Aquilion 32 TOSHIBA del Hospital Universitario de Valladolid. Las condiciones de adquisición del TAC fueron 512x512 120 Kv y 250 mA. Para U. thibetanus el tamaño del vóxel es de 0,4680 (X.Y) y 0,3 mm de intersección (Z). Para el primer espécimen se obtuvieron 1114 cortes y para el segundo 1127 cortes. El tamaño del voxel para T. ornatus fue de 0.3819 (X.Y) y 0.5 mm de inter-cortes (Z) y el tamaño de voxel para Ailuropoda melanoleuca fue de 0,5200 (X.Y) y 0,3 mm de cortes intermedios (Z). Además, las TC de Ursus arctos, Ursus maritimus y U. americanus del sitio web de Digimorph (http://www.digimorph.org). Los escáneres de rayos X se realizaron a alta resolución en Universidad de Texas (1024X1024) lo que dio lugar a un espaciado entre cortes de 0,70-1 mm. Las condiciones de adquisición para Ursus arctos fueron de 450 kV, 3 mA, obteniendo 425 cortes. Para Ursus maritimus fueron 420 kV, 1,8 mA, obteniéndose 540 cortes. Las TC de Ursus americanus (USNM 227070) se realizaron con un tamaño de píxel (x) e (y) era de 0,2930 mm con un espaciado entre cortes de 0,325 mm en (z). Las imágenes de los TAC se exportaron como imágenes de 16 bits en formato TIFF o DICOM. Estas imágenes fueron claibradas para eliminar los ruidos de fondo debidos a los efectos fotoeléctrico y Compton seleccionando rangos específicos de los histogramas (región de interés ROI) con el programa software ImageJ v. 1.50e (http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/)., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (CGL2012-37866; CGL2015-68300P)