Resultados de investigación

Table S1. Two-way ANOVA results for physiological analysis of Lessonia spicata during an experiment with control temperatures (15°C) and a treatment (+3°C) for 14 days p<0.05** Table S2. Two-way ANOVA results for biochemical analysis of Lessonia spicata during an experiment with control temperatures (15°C) and a treatment (+3°C) for 14 days p<0.05** Table S3. Pearson correlation results for physiological analysis of Lessonia spicata during an experiment with control temperatures (15°C) and a treatment (+3°C) for 14 days p<0.05** OBJ2, The financial and logistical support were support by the project FONDECYT 11180197, ANID, Chile. The authors acknowledges to supported by the ANID InES GÉNERO [INGE 220004] – ANID and the “Programa de Apoyo para el pago de Procesamiento de Artículos InES Género 2025, Dirección General de Investigación, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Chile”. CNA acknowledges to national doctoral scholarship 21231539 by ANID, Chile. Also, C.L. was supported by the ANID InES I + D 2021 [INID210013], Marie Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship HORIZON-MSCA-2022-PF-01 project [101106387] and the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation [CEX2019-000928-S] funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033, Peer reviewed

This dataset comprises baseline information on the distribution, demography, and population genetics of Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages. Records include taxa from the phyla Cnidaria, Porifera, and Bryozoa, as well as the class Ascidiacea (Tunicata, Chordata). Data were compiled within CorMedNet database, an open-access collaborative platform aimed at supporting research and conservation of Mediterranean coralligenous habitats. Through a literature review, the CorMedNet database currently compiled 8575 georeferenced records representing local populations of 418 species, providing the most comprehensive database on the coralligenous habitat to date, This research was funded by the following I+D+i projects: HEATMED project (RTI2018-095346-B-I00), funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF/EU, CORFUN project (TED2021-131622B-I00) funded by MICIU/A EI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, UNDRESCORAL project (PID2022-137539OB-C21) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FEDER/UE, and MPA4Change (MED0200736) funded by Interreg EuroMED program. LF-F was supported by the FI SDUR grant (2020 FISDU 00482) from the ‘Generalitat de Catalunya’. CL gratefully acknowledges the financial support from ICREA under the ICREA Academia program. JG acknowledges the Spanish government’s funding through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). PH-G was supported by the PREDOCS-UB grant from the University of Barcelona. J-BL was supported by the strategic funding UIDB/04423/2020, UIDP/04423/2020, and 2021.00855 CEECIND through national funds provided by FCT—Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia. LF-F, CL, JG, DG-G, PH-G, and J-BL are part of the Marine Conservation research group MedRecover (2021 SGR 01073) from the ‘Generalitat de Catalunya’, Peer reviewed

Contiene el conjunto de respuestas categorizadas para análisis topic modelling LDA, Aquatic animal welfare (AAW) is increasingly recognised as fundamental for sustainable aquaculture in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). This study aims to identify the main welfare challenges perceived by LAC stakeholders, including scientists, Competent National Authorities (CNA) staff, and industry professionals, through a three-day online workshop. Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), responses across four welfare domains (nutrition, environment, health, and behaviour) and categories such as developmental stages, production systems, transport, slaughtering and species-specific issues, revealed that primary concerns included animal-based assessments, feeding strategies, and sanitary conditions. Notably, key issues across developmental stages included feed quality, stress, cannibalism, sanitation, and spawning behaviour. Challenges in production systems included water quality, stocking density, predator exposure, and facilities that promote natural behaviours. Additionally, the need to improve veterinary care capacity and to develop better behaviour assessment tools was recognised. Slaughter methods and transport emphasised capacity building to reduce stress and suffering, as well as protocol standardisation. Transversal species-specific welfare issues were recognised, particularly in nutrition, behaviour, and disease diagnosis. Overall, stakeholders in the LAC region acknowledge a gap in theoretical and practical capacity to address AAW issues. Recommendation priorities included nutrition, stress, water management, environmental impact, management, personnel training, and comprehensive guidance documents, This work was supported by the 1) CEREBAL project (CSIC-AECID) under Grant INTER23001 2) Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation under Grant CEX2024-001494-S, Peer reviewed

Supplementary Material 1. This file contains complementary field, hand specimen and optical microscope images of studied deposits and materials. Images of individual samples are provided in Supplementary Materials 4 and 5, This research is partially funded by the following grants: VOLCLIMA (CGL2015-72629-EXP), POSVOLDEC (CTM2016-79617-P)(AEI/FEDER, UE), VOLGASDEC (PGC2018-095693-B-I00)(AEI/FEDER, UE) grants funded by MINECO. Grant HYDROCAL (PID2020-114876GB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. EruptING (PID2021-127189OB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, This work contributes to the Institut de Ciències del Mar "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Peer reviewed

This supplementary material is provided as an Excel file and includes the list of all studied samples with indication of all the analyses performed in each of them, This research is partially funded by the following grants: VOLCLIMA (CGL2015-72629-EXP), POSVOLDEC (CTM2016-79617-P)(AEI/FEDER, UE), VOLGASDEC (PGC2018-095693-B-I00)(AEI/FEDER, UE) grants funded by MINECO. Grant HYDROCAL (PID2020-114876GB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. EruptING (PID2021-127189OB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, This work contributes to the Institut de Ciències del Mar "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Peer reviewed

This file contains supplementary texts: 3.1: Analytical methods. 3.2: Mass balance calculations and behavior of Ti. 3.3: The isocon method. 3.4: Isovolumetric mass calculations. 3.5: Density calculation. 3.6: Leached/hydrated glass layer. 3.7: Congruent and incongruent dissolution, This research is partially funded by the following grants: VOLCLIMA (CGL2015-72629-EXP), POSVOLDEC (CTM2016-79617-P)(AEI/FEDER, UE), VOLGASDEC (PGC2018-095693-B-I00)(AEI/FEDER, UE) grants funded by MINECO. Grant HYDROCAL (PID2020-114876GB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. EruptING (PID2021-127189OB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, This work contributes to the Institut de Ciències del Mar "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Peer reviewed

This supplementary material is provided as both a PDF file and an interactive HTML file and includes optical microscope and SEM images of the studied rock samples from the Fumarole Bay sampling area, This research is partially funded by the following grants: VOLCLIMA (CGL2015-72629-EXP), POSVOLDEC (CTM2016-79617-P)(AEI/FEDER, UE), VOLGASDEC (PGC2018-095693-B-I00)(AEI/FEDER, UE) grants funded by MINECO. Grant HYDROCAL (PID2020-114876GB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. EruptING (PID2021-127189OB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, This work contributes to the Institut de Ciències del Mar "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Peer reviewed

This supplementary material is provided as both a PDF file and an interactive HTML file and includes optical microscope and SEM images of the studied rock samples from the Whalers Bay sampling area, This research is partially funded by the following grants: VOLCLIMA (CGL2015-72629-EXP), POSVOLDEC (CTM2016-79617-P)(AEI/FEDER, UE), VOLGASDEC (PGC2018-095693-B-I00)(AEI/FEDER, UE) grants funded by MINECO. Grant HYDROCAL (PID2020-114876GB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. EruptING (PID2021-127189OB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, his work contributes to the Institut de Ciències del Mar "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Peer reviewed

This file contains complementary optical microscope and SEM images of the studied rock samples illustrating different palagonite textures, This research is partially funded by the following grants: VOLCLIMA (CGL2015-72629-EXP), POSVOLDEC (CTM2016-79617-P)(AEI/FEDER, UE), VOLGASDEC (PGC2018-095693-B-I00)(AEI/FEDER, UE) grants funded by MINECO. Grant HYDROCAL (PID2020-114876GB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. EruptING (PID2021-127189OB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, This work contributes to the Institut de Ciències del Mar "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Peer reviewed

This supplementary material is provided as both a PDF file and an interactive HTML file and includes the X-Ray diffraction analyses (XRD) of the studied pre- and syn-caldera collected either in the Whalers Bay or the Fumarole Bay sampling areas, This research is partially funded by the following grants: VOLCLIMA (CGL2015-72629-EXP), POSVOLDEC (CTM2016-79617-P)(AEI/FEDER, UE), VOLGASDEC (PGC2018-095693-B-I00)(AEI/FEDER, UE) grants funded by MINECO. Grant HYDROCAL (PID2020-114876GB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. EruptING (PID2021-127189OB-I00) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, This work contributes to the Institut de Ciències del Mar "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Peer reviewed