Resultados de investigación

Contributors: Benjamin Casas, Francisco Fabián Criado Sudau, Irene Lizaran, Nikolaus Wirth, Josep Baeza, Pau Balaguer, Lluis Gómez-Pujol, Alejandro Orfila, Matteo Marasco, Paz Rotllán., As part of the systematic and continuous beach monitoring program at SOCIB, Nortek AWACs (Acoustics Wave And Current) have been deployed along the coasts of the Balearic Islands since 2011 (Tintoré et al., 2013). In particular, at Cala Millor and Son Bou beaches, two AWACs have been installed near-shore at 17 m depth, both being equipped with a temperature sensor, measuring hourly near-bottom water temperatures. This dataset contains the two monitoring site time series from 2012 to 2020., Funders: Ministerio de ciencia, innovación y universidades (https://www.ciencia.gob.es/), Govern de les Illes Balears (https://www.caib.es/)., Peer reviewed

Nature-Based Solutions, green-finance instruments, and policies are now routinely constructed around carbon sequestration/storage (CSS) and nutrient bioremediation (NB). This integration builds on how Market-Based Instruments (e.g., payments-for-ecosystem-services) are regularly used in policies focused on terrestrial ecosystems. In marine and coastal systems, a poor understanding of CSS/NB biophysical processes and impacts of ecosystem quality/stressors, combined with methods and governance framework knowledge gaps, generates substantial uncertainty in outcomes. Reductions in output confidence preclude integration into Nature-Based Solutions, stifling market-based investment centred on conserving and restoring temperate coastal ecosystems. To navigate this complex, rapidly evolving area, researchers from six continents engaged in a Priority Setting Exercise to generate 25 questions that, if answered within 10 years, will increase robustness, scalability, and applicability of CSS/NB data across regions and ecosystems. We then used a modal analysis across five categories (time, geographic scale, technology complexity, cost, and policy-relevance) to expedite research-investment decisions. Questions (numbers in brackets) were organised across six themes as follows: maps/quantitative evidence/long-term data (3), Processes/variability (6), Connectivity (2), Anthropogenic impacts (4), Methods/standards (6), Governance/conservation. Questions under methods/standards and governance/trading schemes themes were generally identified to be the cheapest to answer and quickest to complete, whilst still having considerable geographic and policy relevance. Policy implications: Identifying the enabling conditions for more efficient and successful approaches will greatly improve our understanding of ecosystem services. Together, these answers will then deliver the decision-grade data necessary to strengthen green-finance opportunities and address urgent climate and pollution (nutrient) crises., Natural Environment Research Council: NE/X002357/1, Peer reviewed

The Coastal Observation and Forecast System of the Balearic Islands (SOCIB) strongly supports the open access initiative (no payment to publish or read) and uses the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). The SOCIB Data Repository is an open access repository which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, search, or use them for any lawful purpose (commercial and non-commercial), without asking prior permission and provided that changes made on original data are indicated and the original data is cited appropriately., El dataset se puede consultar y descargar en el siguiente enlace / The dataset can be viewed and downloaded via the following link https://doi.org/10.25704/17gs-2b59, Ministerio de ciencia, innovación y universidades (http://www.ciencia.gob.es/) Govern de les Illes Balears (http://www.caib.es/); EU Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; MedClic project (449 LCF/PR/PR14/11090002) from La Caixa Foundation., Peer reviewed

The Coastal Observation and Forecast System of the Balearic Islands (SOCIB) strongly supports the open access initiative (no payment to publish or read) and uses the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). The SOCIB Data Repository is an open access repository which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, search, or use them for any lawful purpose (commercial and non-commercial), without asking prior permission and provided that changes made on original data are indicated and the original data is cited appropriately., El dataset se puede consultar y descargar en el siguiente enlace / The dataset can be viewed and downloaded via the following link https://doi.org/10.25704/mhbg-q265, The aim of this experiment was to assess the operational HF radar surface current velocities in the Ibiza Channel in a Lagrangian framework, by comparing against surface drifter derived velocities", Deployement of tree different kinds of surface drifters (ODi, MDOi and CODEi) in order to test its behaviour against windage and surface currents. Validation of Surface HF Radar currents., Ministerio de ciencia, innovación y universidades (http://www.ciencia.gob.es/) Govern de les Illes Balears (http://www.caib.es/); Horizon 2020 Framework Programme., Peer reviewed

The LacusPyr dataset provides a comprehensive, georeferenced catalog of Pyrenean lakes and ponds (6361), along with basic geomorphological information, namely, lake elevation, lake area, watershed area, perimeter, maximum depth (442), mean depth (101), lake names, country, and polygons for the lake surface, and the watershade., Lake districts—regions with high lake densities—offer valuable opportunities to study how landscape geomorphology shapes both individual and collective lake dynamics. In mountain regions, elevation adds a third dimension to spatial dynamics beyond the two-dimensional patterns typical of lowlands. The Pyrenees, stretching from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, host numerous lakes formed by glacial erosion during the last ice age. These lakes and ponds are largely isolated from the surrounding lowlands, where standing water is rarer, and the climate is drier and more Mediterranean. The LacusPyr dataset provides a comprehensive, georeferenced catalog of Pyrenean lakes and ponds, along with basic geomorphological information relevant to limnological research and conservation (e.g., lake elevation, lake area, watershed area, depth, perimeter). The dataset is designed to be updated and expanded over time, ensuring its continued usefulness for environmental scientists studying Pyrenean lake systems., Agencia Estatal de Investigación: PID2022-142083NB-C21; Programme Interreg VI-A Espagne-France-Andorre: POCTEFA 2021-2027; Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness: CGL2013-45348-P; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency: LIFE13 NAT/ES/001210; European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency: LIFE20 NAT/ES/000369; Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación: 10.13039/501100011033, Peer reviewed

Despite disturbances intensifying across European forests, it is not well known how their baseline regimes and trends vary across regions and disturbance agents. Here, we assessed the main disturbance regimes in European forests based on their mean size, severity, and frequency for (i) fires and (ii) wind and bark beetle disturbances, as well as their spatiotemporal variability. We used the European Forest Disturbance Atlas (Viana et al. 2025) to characterise 3,825,259 disturbance events that occurred in European forests between 1985 and 2023. Using Gaussian finite mixture models, we identified the dominant disturbance clusters (i.e., disturbance regimes) for the two agent groups and quantified the spatial variability of disturbances both between and within biomes (boreal, temperate, Mediterranean). Finally, we compared changes in disturbance clusters over time by splitting the study period into three intervals and assessing cluster shifts from the first to the third period (1985–1997 and 2011–2023), as well as annual trends from 1985 to 2023. We found that fire regimes exhibited a marked north–south latitudinal gradient: severe and rare fires occurred in boreal and temperate biomes, whereas moderate, and large and frequent fires predominated initerr,anean and temperate–Mediterranean transitional forests. For wind and bark beetle disturbances, we identified four distinct regimes: moderate disturbances predominated in boreal and temperate biomes; mild and rare disturbances occurred in Mediterranean and temperate–Mediterranean forests; and frequent and small, as well as severe and large disturbances, predominated in Central Europe and the British Isles, respectively. Approximately 15% of all grid cells shifted to a different disturbance regime during the study period. Fire frequency and severity declined in temperate and Mediterranean forests between the first and second periods (1985–1997 and 1998–2010). Wind and bark beetle disturbances decreased in size in boreal and temperate forests during the same interval, followed by increases in disturbance severity in temperate forests between the second and third periods (1998–2010 and 2011–2023)., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades: 2024-1-ES01-KA131-HED-000196755; Comunidad de Madrid: PIPF-2022/TEC-26321; Agencia Estatal de Investigación: PID2021-123675OB-C41; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades: PID2020–114062RA-I00; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades: CNS2022-135251; European Union: 101056755, Horizon Europe; Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt: 01IS23025C); European Space Agency: 4000144908/24/I-LR, CLIMATE SPACE RECCAP2; European Union: 101059888, Horizon Europe, Peer reviewed

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[Objective:] To validate the Spanish version of the Cerebellar Cognitive-Affective Syndrome scale (CCAS-S), originally published in 2018, in patients with cerebellar ataxia and healthy subjects, as an adapted Spanish version based on normative data has not yet been published or validated., [Methods:] Spanish CCAS-S was ­administered prospectively to 158 patients with cerebellar ataxia and 164 matched healthy subjects from ­different regions of Spain. Discriminant validity and reliability were evaluated. A subgroup of 30 patients underwent detailed neuropsychological examinations to confirm the construct validity. The Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and the Brief Ataxia Rating Scale (BARS) were used to assess motor performance., [Results:] This Spanish instrument demonstrates reliability and exhibits statistically significant differences in performance between patients and healthy subjects. Our analysis revealed lower values for specificity in detecting possible, probable, or definite CCAS compared to those reported in the US validation study when utilizing the original cutoff values. Upon application of the appropriate ­correction factor for education, the specificity values approximated those reported for probable and definite CCAS diagnostics in the original investigation., [Conclusions:] The adapted Spanish CCAS-S has demonstrated validity and good reliability in this cohort. Discriminant validity was satisfactory for probable and definite CCAS when the correction for education was applied, and modified template and instructions have been developed. Further research is necessary to investigate the significance of the possible CCAS category, as diagnosed using the Spanish version, as well as to assess the performance of the corrected scale in other Spanish-speaking countries., The Spanish Neurology Academy funded the research group meetings. R.M-R is beneficiary of a Margarita Salas Fellowship co-funded by the Ministry of Universities (Spanish Government) and NextGen-EU funds., Peer reviewed