Resultados de investigación

La gamificación es una metodología y herramienta educativa que ofrece beneficios a través de mecánicas y dinámicas. Aporta experiencias motivadoras y beneficios al enfoque de diseño instruccional. Diversos estudios destacan que esta metodología fomenta aportes en compromiso, diversión, entusiasmo, motivación, satisfacción e interacción en contextos pedagógicos. La muestra de 308 docentes se obtuvo tras la entrega masiva del instrumento a centros educativos de España. La muestra es no probabilística y los participantes del estudio respondieron voluntariamente la encuesta. De los participantes, el 69,8% fueron mujeres y el 30,2% hombres; Esta proporción es representativa de la población de docentes. Un análisis descriptivo se basa en tres dimensiones: programas más utilizados, dispositivos utilizados y funcionalidad didáctica. Estos datos se triangulan con un análisis mediante el método HJ-Biplot, el cual se presenta como una representación gráfica multivariada de los datos a partir de una matriz Xnxp. Este análisis detalla hallazgos sobre el papel determinante que juega el docente y la relación entre años de experiencia, edad, dispositivos utilizados y recursos utilizados, detectados con análisis descriptivos y bivariados. Entre las conclusiones se encuentran que los sujetos valoran positivamente la formación en competencia digital docente en términos de gamificación, aunque en la práctica diaria real sólo el 30% del profesorado afirma utilizar herramientas gamificadas. La gamificación aporta beneficios colaborativos e innovadores en relación a su funcionalidad didáctica

This local geomagnetic index indicates the perturbation of the geomagnetic field (horizontal component) for several locations. It is a measure of the external to the Earth irregular geomagnetic variations. It is obtained after removing a baseline and the daily regular variation from observed measurements. See also Files description.

El dataset contiene exclusivamente tráfico de red benigno, capturado durante el funcionamiento normal del Smart Rural IoT Lab, sin inyección de ataques ni generación de tráfico malicioso. Está compuesto por 19 sesiones de captura independientes, correspondientes a diferentes jornadas de operación normal del laboratorio. Cada sesión se almacena en una carpeta separada, siguiendo una nomenclatura basada en la fecha de captura. Características principales: - Tráfico real. - Backend local (edge). - Entorno controlado. - Tráfico exclusivamente benigno. - Dataset de referencia (baseline).

This work examines the influence of metal loading and Ni/Cr ratio of Ni-Cr/SBA-15 catalysts on bioethanol steam reforming for the first time. The characterization of the synthesized samples reveals that higher Cr amounts results in lower Ni crystallite sizes due to the promoting effect of Cr, thereby enhancing the dispersion of the active phase. The catalytic performance has been evaluated in terms of ethanol conversion and H2 TOF (min-1). Ethanol conversion exhibits an increasing trend with higher Ni content, reaching up to 90% for samples containing 15 wt.%. By increasing the Cr content (lower Ni/Cr ratio) the results evidence a similar trend. A synergistic effect between Ni and Cr was appreciated in conversion values when the Ni content was below 11 wt.% and the Cr content exceeded 2 wt.%, which coincides with smaller Ni crystallite size. Concern-ing the H2 TOF, the catalyst with the lowest Ni content (7 wt.%) exhibits higher value with a notable enhancement upon increasing Cr loading. However, considerable de-crease of H2 TOF was observed for samples with higher Ni loading. Therefore, the best catalytic performance, achieving nearly complete ethanol conversion and high hydro-gen production was reached when using catalysts with 7 wt.% Ni, the Cr loading should be increased to around 2 wt.%.

This dataset contains the data related to the article "A Comparison of the Usefulness of Game-Based Learning and Video-Based Learning for Teaching Software Engineering in Online Environments" with DOI 10.1109/FIE58773.2023.10343449. This dataset contains data of 193 software engineering students: 45 in the control group and 148 in the experimental group. Both groups took a lesson about software design, but the students in the control group learned through online video-based learning, whereas their counterparts in the experimental group learned through online game-based learning. The dataset is provided through an XLSX file with two sheets: 1) GBLGroup. This sheet contains the data related to the experimental group. 2) VBLGroup. This sheet contains the data related to the control group. The dataset contains the following data for each student: * Pre-test and post-test scores. * Learning gains, calculated as the difference between the post-test and the pre-test score. * Age and gender. * Results of a perceptions questionnaire with 9 items. * Comments (in Spanish). All data is anonymized so that the identity of the participants cannot be ascertained. Additional details are provided in the aforementioned article, which can be accessed at https://www.doi.org/10.1109/FIE58773.2023.10343449.

The project conducted presents a comprehensive assessment of indoor air quality in public primary schools across Madrid (Spain). Several classrooms have been monitored for a year, registering indoor air concentrations and outdoor ambient levels. Later, a statistical analysis has been performed to explore correlations between indoor air pollutant concentrations during occupied and unoccupied periods, as well as the impact of student activities and classroom operation, among other factors. The dataset provides monitoring information of indoor and outdoor variables included in one file named as "Dataset_SchoolMonitoring.csv". Specifically, four Public Primary Schools were monitored in Madrid (Spain), registering indoor air quality data (from 2 to 3 classrooms per school) and outdoor air quality information from both punctual measurements and a local weather station close to the schools.Punctual monitoring measures were conducted during February, April, May, October and December in 2023. Specifically, indoor variables monitored in the classrooms are refered to: - TVOC (ppb) - Ultrafine PM (from 0.02 to 1 μm) (part./cm3) - PM0.3 (part./cm3and μg/m3) - PM1 (part./cm3 and μg/m3) - PM2.5 (part./cm3 and μg/m3) - CO2 (ppm) - Temperature (ºC) - Relative Humidity (%) - Formaldehyde (µg/m3) Also, punctual outdoor measurements of the aforementioned parameters have been also included in the dataset. Additionally, outdoor variables recorded in a local weather station have also been incorporated into the dataset: - Wind speed (m/s) - Wind direction (º) - Outdoor temperature (ºC) - Outdoor Relative humidity (%) - Atmospheric pressure (mb) - Solar Radiation (W/m2) - Rain (l/m2) - NO (µg/m3) - NO2 (µg/m3) - PM10 (µg/m3) - Nox (µg/m3) - O3 (µg/m3) Furthermore, indoor students interaction and classroom operation aspects are incorporated into the study through several variables, which are assigned two possible values: 1 means "Open, ON, Considered"; while 0 means "Closed, OFF, None": - Door opening (1/0) - Window opening (1/0) - Artificial lights operation (1/0) - Students’ interaction (Activity) (1/0) - VOC emissions (Materials) (1/0) - PM emissions (1/0) - Technological devices (1/0) A more detail description of each variable may be found in the paper referenced in the Related publication section., Punctual measurements were taken with several monitoring equipment (DRÄGER X-pid 9500, Particle counter PCE-PQC 12EU, P-Track Ultrafine 8525 TSI and DIOXCARE DX75 sensors) of the variables described in 4. Description of the dataset. After downloading the data from the sensors, the monitored information was processed and compiled to create a .csv file using the open access .R software v. 4.3.3. Any tool which may read .csv files may be used to open the file (Notepad, Excel, .R or similar)., This dataset was conducted under the Research Project: "Lime4Health. Analysis of the contribution of lime coatings to the achievement of healthy interior spaces" (PID2021-123023OA-I00) funded by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/and FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa. This research assesses the effectivity of altering indoor coatings in the reduction and or elimination of indoor pollutants, as a stand-alone action and in combination with modifying users’habits. Carmen María Calama González acknowledges the support of the Aid JDC2022-048263-I, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR.

This database includes the information of the samples used in the study, as well as the results obtained for the chromatographic separation of the tropane, pyrrolizidine and opium alkaloids using different gradients and mobile phases, followed by the purification step by solid-phase extraction. All the results obtained from the validation of the analytical methodology and the study of the presence of tropane, pyrrolizidine and opium alkaloids found in the samples of commercial bakery products using the proposed analytical methodology are presented below.

This dataset contains the data related to the article "Comparing effectiveness of educational video games of different genres in computer science education" with DOI 10.1016/j.entcom.2023.100588. This dataset contains data of 45 computer science students. The first tab of the file contains pre-test and post-test scores, whereas the second tab of the file contains the results of a questionnaire with 5 items to collect demographical data, and 10 items to collects perceptions (9 items in a Likert scale, and 1 open item). All data was anonymized so that the identity of the participants cannot be ascertained. The aforementioned article can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.entcom.2023.100588

In this work, the support effect and the La2O3 promotion of Ni-based catalysts on the oxidative steam reforming of acetic acid as bio-oil model compound has been studied. Ni/SBA-15 showed the worst catalytic performance with an acetic acid conversion dropping below 30% at 500 ºC ascribed to active phase oxidation. In contrast, Ni supported over mesoporous CeO2 (CeO2-m) reached better catalytic performance and lower coke formation due to the higher Ni dispersion and oxygen mobility of the support. On the other hand, La2O3 promotion to SBA-15 and CeO2-m led to even higher Ni dispersion and prevented sintering during the reforming reaction. This effect resulted in an improvement in the catalytic performance for both promoted samples. As a consequence of low Ni crystallite size and high oxygen mobility, Ni/La2O3-CeO2-m reached almost complete conversion (~ 96%), the highest hydrogen yield (~ 53%) maintained for 5 h with the lowest coke formation (62.3 mgcoke·gcat 1·h 1).

Lignocellulosic biomass offers a sustainable alternative to traditional raw materials. However, its complex structure, and particularly the presence of lignin, presents a significant challenge for its conversion into valuable products. This study explores the catalytic performance of magnesium oxide (MgO) based materials for the selective delignification of lignocellulosic waste and concomitant carboxylic acids production. Different MgO samples have been synthesized through various synthetical methods with the purpose of promoting the selective delignification of a lignocellulose waste while minimizing the degradation of other polymers (cellulose and hemicellulose). The resultant lignin-free holocellulose solid after selective depolymerization might be used in subsequent fermentation processes. The catalytic results demonstrated that MgO synthesized by a sol-gel method exhibited the highest catalytic activity, achieving ca. 90% lignin conversion with minimal degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose and outstanding production of carboxylic acids (ca. 30 % of the carbon of the degraded polymers was converted into carboxylic acids). The high concentration of medium-strength base sites combined with significant macroporosity are crucial for enhancing the catalytic performance of MgO-based catalysts. Importantly, these results were achieved under mild conditions (120°C) using water as a solvent and without addition of external oxidant agents. Furthermore, the study observed a significant production of valuable (di)carboxylic acids, such as fumaric acid during the depolymerization process over optimized MgO catalyst. This research provides valuable insights into the potential of MgO as a sustainable catalyst for the selective conversion of lignin present in lignocellulosic biomass into valuable chemicals and biofuels.