Resultados de investigación

Taking advantage of the high thickening capacity of cellulose nanofibers in castor oil, sustainable lubricating oleogels were obtained. Methanol was used as mediator to transfer the nanofibers, originally present as a hydrogel, into the vegetable oil. The effect of the pulp bleaching on the oleogels’ thermo-rheological behavior was analyzed. Viscous flow curves and small/large amplitude dynamic shear tests were carried out on both bleached and unbleached samples of the same elm kraft pulp. Substantial differences were observed, above all when the oleogels were subjected to stress values beyond the onset of their linear viscoelastic regimes. The oleogel prepared with nanofibers from the unbleached pulp was found to endure large shear deformations better than that from the bleached pulp, and was less sensitive to temperature. Hence, the complex shear modulus (|G*|) corresponding to the oleogel based on 1.4 wt% bleached nanofiber decreased by 55.7% upon a non-linear stress of 200 Pa was applied for 30 min. However, a less severe structural breakdown, i.e., a decay in |G* | of 28.9% (half of the previous one), was monitored when the oleogel based on the unbleached nanofiber was submitted to the same testing conditions. It should also be underlined that such an oleogel showed an extraordinary capacity to recovery its structure after the large shear deformation process.

The pandemic caused by covid-19 has revealed an enormous vulnerability in health, economic and social terms. We are facing a new unprecedented environmental and socioeconomic reality, which poses a challenge for risk control and management. This forces a methodological effort to be made in all areas in the creation of models for the prevention and prediction of existing impacts, risks, and potential threats. In Social Services’ field, we propose a tool that will allow, on the one hand, to measure the impact of COVID-19 on the Social Services system and, on the other hand, to evaluate the areas with the highest socioeconomic risk in the post-COVID scenario. The modified Delphi technique has been used to reach a consensus on a proposal of 37 indicators with a group of experts, which in the final phase resulted in 34. To our knowledge, this represents the first risk assessment tool in social services designed specifically for use at local level. The proposed tool can help determine the situation of municipal social services in relation to risk, assessing weaknesses and improving the capacity of the system.

High purity powders of Fe, Si and B mixed with atomic composition Fe78Si9B13 are subjected, after arc melting, to a melt spinning process. The amorphous ribbons are transformed into powder by mechanical milling, taking care of maintaining the amorphous character. The powders are sintered by means of a very quick capacitor electrical discharge (CEDS), trying to maintain the initial structure of the powders. The CEDS process is analysed depending on the thermal energy applied during the discharge, as well as on the particle size of the powders and the powders mass. The porosity, microstructure, hardness, electrical resistivity and magnetic properties of the generated compacts are analysed. Thus, for powders with a mean size of 65 μm, the porosity can be reduced from 0.35 to 0.08 after sintering, reaching a microhardness of up to 1100 HV1 after applying a discharge of 2640 J/s. A coercivity of 1895 A/m and a saturation flux density of 1.32 T are achieved in the compact, which maintains a microstructure with up to a 79% of amorphous phase.

Esta base de datos recopila toda la información utilizada en el proceso de selección y análisis de estudios para la revisión sistematizada de (("social services" OR "public welfare")) AND (("technology" OR "digital tools" OR "ICT")).

Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II constitutes a useful measurement tool with demonstrated psychometric properties that is contributing to the advancement of knowledge of emotional disorders within transdiagnostic models. To implement its use in clinical settings it is important that the scores can be interpreted in order to guide clinical decisions. This study aims to develops normative data for the Spanish version of the IDAS-II. An anonymous online survey was applied to 1072 subjects, recruited through a stratified random sampling procedure taking into account population gender, age and geographical region of Spain. Results show that women tend to score higher than men, particularly on the Dysphoria, General Depression, Appetite Gain and Lassitude scales. Largest effect sizes for differences in the scores according to age were found for Lassitude, Dysphoria and General Depression. Therefore, normative data according to gender and age group for each IDAS-II scale is provided. The norms provided in this work complement those already available, facilitating the decision-making of clinical professionals. Evidence of unidimensionality is provided for the 19 IDAS-II scales that allows researchers and clinicians to use specific IDAS-II scales independently.

Since the publication of the Alternative Model on Personality Disders in Section III DSM-5, literature has widely focused on providing validity evidence for the 25 facets defined in Criterion B. More recently, scientific attention has shifted towards Criterion A, with a considerable set of mixed results both supporting and disagreeing the operational definition of the model. The present study aims to provide additional evidence on the structural and relational differentiation of self and interpersonal dimensions of personality functioning using a quick screener, the Level of Personality Functioning Scale – Brief Form 2.0 (LPFS-BF 2.0), in a community and clinical mixed sample. 1074 participants (717 community adults and 357 patients) completed the LPFS-BF 2.0, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form and the Questionnaire for the World Health Organization Disability Assessment. The internal structure of LPFS 2.0 was assessed through a series of Confirmatory Factor Analyses and bifactor modeling was applied to assess the dimensionality. Exploratory Structural Equation Modelling was used to explore the joint structure of functioning and maladaptive traits. Multiple linear regressions, controlling for age and sex, were employed to evaluate the predictive validity of LPFS scales in explaining functional impairment. Our results clearly support a two-factor structure of criterion A (self and interpersonal functioning) when measured with LPFS-BF 2.0. Results also displayed clear differences between the personality functioning factors, with the self-functioning factor more closely linked to facets of the negative affect domains and the interpersonal-functioning factor linked to several antagonistic personality traits. Moreover, our results suggested a relevant role of self-functioning in the explanation of the functional impairment along and beyond personality facets. These results lead to consider the LPFS-BF 2.0 a useful tool for clinical routine monitoring self and interpersonal personality functioning.

Background: Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) have been shown to be useful for reducing excessive alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. However, research on the explanatory factors of PBS is limited. This paper prospectively examines the contribution of perceived effi cacy of PBS in reducing alcohol-related consequences and perceived descriptive norms of close peers´ PBS use in young adults. The mediating role of perceived effi cacy of PBS between descriptive norms of PBS use and personal PBS use is also examined. Method: Targeted sampling was used to recruit a community-based sample of 339 young Spanish adults aged 18-25 years, who completed baseline and two-month follow-up questionnaires. Three types of PBS (serious harm reduction-SHR, manner of drinking-MOD, and stopping/limiting drinking-SLD) were measured. Results: Both perceived effi cacy and descriptive norms at baseline were positively associated with personal PBS use (SHR, MOD and SLD) at follow-up. A partial mediation effect of perceived effi cacy between descriptive norms and personal PBS use was found for the three PBS subscales. Conclusions: Our fi ndings support the usefulness of correcting misperceptions of PBS use by peers in interventions aimed at reducing excessive drinking and alcohol-related consequences in young adults in the community. Moreover, PBS perceived effi cacy should be included as a component of these interventions