Resultados de investigación

This repository contains the raw high-frequency monitoring data collected from all field stations during a 12-month campaign in a Mediterranean olive orchard subjected to contrasting irrigation (full irrigation, regulated deficit irrigation, and survival conditions) and fertilization (mineral and organic) treatments. The repository also includes all scripts used for data processing, statistical analyses, generalized additive model (GAM) development, permutation-based analyses, and individual nutrient-response modelling. These materials support the results presented in the associated study and enable full reproducibility of the ecohydrological analyses of nitrate (NO₃⁻) and potassium (K⁺) dynamics., Peer reviewed

Experimental data of the project FishFedEx, This work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [PID2022-136288OB-C32 (MCIN/AEI//https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033)], Peer reviewed

The degree of A-site disorder was checked with X-Ray powder diffraction (XRPD) measurements (YBaMn2O6_XRD_RT_FigS2.dat; SmBaMn2O6_XRD_RT_FigS2.dat; Y05Ba05MnO3_XRD_RT_FigS2.dat; Sm05Ba05MnO3_XRD_RT_FigS2.dat), using a RIGAKU D-max 2500 diffractometer at Cu Ka radiation within the 10-80° 2θ range., HERFD-XAS measurements at the Mn K-edge were performed at the CLAESS beamline of the ALBA Synchrotron (Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain) using a Si (311) double-crystal monochromator. HERFD-XAS spectra were collected in back scattering geometry at the maximum of the Mn Kb1,3 (6490 eV) emission line using the CLEAR spectrometer. A liquid-N2 cryostat was used for the temperature-dependent measurements between 80 and 600 K., Standard transmission detected EXAFS spectra were recorded in the La and Y compounds and For RE = Nd and Sm, EXAFS spectra were obtained by recording simultaneously the HERFD-XAS at the Mn Kb1,3 line and the TFY-XAS spectra measured with a Si diode., DC Magnetization measurements, collected with a commercial QD SQUID between 5 and 400 K at an external magnetic field of 1 kOe for both ordered REBaMn2O6 and disordered RE0.5Ba0.5MnO3 series with RE=La, Nd and Sm. For the YBaMn2O6 and Y0.5Ba0.5MnO3 samples, the dc magnetization was measured between 5 and 700 K at 1 KOe and field-cooled magnetization at 1 kOe was also recorded for the Y0.5Ba0.5MnO3 compound., Calorimetric measurements were made in the ordered REBaMn2O6 (RE= Sm and Y) compounds using a Q2000 Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) from TA instruments in the temperature range from 200 K to 575 K. Powder samples (between 10-40 mg) sealed in aluminum hermetic pans were heated and cooled at a scanning rate of 10 K/min., We have investigated the temperature dependence of the Mn local structure in A-site ordered RBaMn2O6 (R = La, Nd, Sm, and Y) perovskites, in parallel with their disordered counterparts, R0.5Ba0.5MnO3, by means of x-ray emission (XES) and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) The end member LaBaMn2O6 shows a nearly regular MnO6 octahedron independent of temperature. With decreasing the R ionic radius in the ordered samples, the XAS results indicate that a local distortion develops in theMnO6 octahedron at the low-temperature charge-localized and polar phases. For NdBaMn2O6, this local distortion is tiny, indicating the absence of charge segregation at the Mn site. This is followed by a bigger local distortion anticipated for SmBaMn2O6 in its respective charge-localized and polar phase and finally, the biggest local distortion for the smallest. A-site cation ordered compound, YBaMn2O6, for which it even persists above the polar charge-localization transition temperatures. The high-resolution XAS spectra confirm the presence of charge segregation between two nonequivalent Mn sites in the low-temperature polar phase of Sm and Y ordered samples. Thus, our XAS study suggests a displacive mechanism for the charge-localization and polar transitions in the Nd and Sm ordered samples while a combination of displacive and order-disorder contributions is revealed for YBaMn2O6. Besides, calorimetric measurements confirm the combination of the two mechanisms, order-disorder and displacive, for the ordered Sm and Y compounds. On the other hand, the A-site disordered R0.5Ba0.5MnO3 samples with R cations smaller than Nd present a significant static (temperature-independent) local disorder, which explains why polar charge-localization transitions are not developed in these samples. Finally, we correlate our results about the Mn local structure and character of the transitions with the macroscopic magnetic and electric behavior of both A-site ordered and disordered compounds., This work was funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF/UE (RTI2018-098537-B-C22, PID2021-124734OB-C21, FJC2020-044866-I)., No

TEY-detected XANES and XMCD measurements at the Mn-L2,3 and the Ru-L2,3 edges were performed at the HECTOR cryomagnet end station in the BL29 BOREAS beamline16 of the ALBA synchrotron. The XMCD signals were obtained by subtracting the XANES recorded using circular polarization with positive and negative helicities (μ+ and μ−, respectively) under a magnetic field of 6 T applied parallel to the beam propagation direction (or under no applied field). In all cases, the samples were kept at a temperature of 50 K. Ru L3 HERFD-XANES measurements were recorded using the in-vacuum TEXS spectrometer at the ID26 beamline of the ESRF synchrotron. The Ru L3 HERFD-XANES measurements were recorded by monitoring the intensity at the top of the Lα1 emission line (3d5/2 → 2p3/2 transition) using five Si (111) crystal analyzers. Mn and Ru K-edge XANES and EXAFS measurements were performed at the BM23 beamline at ESRF. Spectra were collected in transmission geometry by using ionization chambers as detectors. Magentic hysteresis loops were measured at 50 K between -5 and 5 T using a commercial superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer from Quantum Design., We have studied the local structure and electronic and magnetic properties of hybrid improper ferroelectric Ca3Mn2O7 upon Ru substitution at the Mn site by a combination of atomic-selective X-ray absorption spectroscopies in the soft and hard X-ray energy regimes. Ru substitution enhances the macroscopic ferromagnetic contributions, whose origin is here elucidated. In particular, soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) data indicate that the spin moments of Mn and Ru are aligned in opposite directions, with the effective magnetic moments of Ru being about 1 order of magnitude smaller than for Mn. The XMCD results also demonstrate the presence of an intrinsic ferromagnetic component in the Mn sublattice for Ru contents x ≥ 0.3, although the values of the net Mn magnetic moment are much smaller than expected for a fully saturated Mn4+ magnetic sublattice. Soft and hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements show that Mn keeps a +4 valence state independently of the Ru content, whereas Ru is in an intermediate valence state, ranging between +4.7 (x ≤ 0.1) and +4.4 (x ≥ 0.7). Analysis of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) signals at the Mn and Ru K-edges suggests the lack of a complete solid solution in the local structure across the entire range of compositions. These findings disclose the existence of charge transfer between Mn and Ru atoms, so the weak ferromagnetic component is attributed to a canting of the antiferromagnetically ordered Mn4+ spins caused by the oxygen-mediated hybridization between localized Mn4+ 3d and itinerant intermediate valence Ru 4d bands, in analogy to the mechanism proposed for ferromagnetism in ordered doubled perovskites with 3d and 4d/5d transition-metal ions. In the present case, disorder prevents the formation of long-range ferromagnetism., This work was funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF/UE (PID2021-124734OB-C21, PID2021-124734OB-C22) and Gobierno de Aragón (project E12-23R)., No

Version v1, Financial support from the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (project PID2023-146041OB-C21) and from Gobierno de Aragón (research group T54_23R)., No

S1. XRD patterns S2. EBSD analysis, No

Synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction (SXRPD) patterns were recorded at the MSPD beam line of the Alba synchrotron (Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain) using two experimental setups. The high angular resolution Multi Analyzer Detector (MAD) coupled to a Dynaflow liquid He cryostat was used to collect SXRPD patterns at selected temperatures (30, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150 and 180 K). The high-throughput position sensitive detector MYTHEN which owing to its exceptional dynamic range allows to detect minor superstructure peaks was used to continuously collect patterns from 100 up to 400 K coupled to an Oxford cryostream to control the temperature. In both cases, the samples were loaded in a borosilicate glass capillary (diameter of 0.7 mm) and kept spinning during data acquisition. A short wavelength, λ=0.4133 Å, was selected to optimize absorption. Magnetic measurements were carried out with a commercial Quantum Design (SQUID) magnetometer. The dc magnetization was measured between 5 and 400 K with an external field of 1 kOe in a single crystal with the magnetic field parallel and perpendicular to the c-direction., The structural phase transitions of Pr(Sr0.1Ca0.9)2Mn2O7 have been studied by synchrotron radiation x-ray powder diffraction. Three different charge order (CO) phases are identified as a function of temperature. The three phases have a checkerboard arrangement of compressed and expanded MnO6 octahedrons in the perovskite bilayers. The structural changes associated to each transition are described in terms of the mode decomposition analysis with respect to the parent tetragonal structure. The high temperature phase exhibits an orthorhombic symmetry (Amam) due to cooperative tilts of the MnO6 octahedrons that can be ascribed to the irreducible representation (irrep) X3-. On cooling, the CO1 phase with Pbnm symmetry arises from the condensation of modes belonging to the irrep DT2 together with breathing (X1+) and antiferrodistortive (M5- and Y2) modes. Mn site is split into two non-equivalent Mn atoms (Mn1 and Mn2) with a small charge segregation and the asymmetric environment of Mn1 atoms form zig-zag chains along the b-axis, that is doubled. Further cooling leads to the formation of the CO2 phase that comes from a relative change between the directions of previous X3- and DT2 distortions producing the simultaneous condensation of new DT1 and ferrodistortive GM5- modes. In the CO2 structure (Am2m symmetry), Mn2 atoms are split into two non-equivalent sites but with similar oxidation state. Then, the checkerboard arrangement between Mn1 and Mn2 atoms is preserved but with a reorientation of the zig-zag chains along the a-axis. At lower temperatures, the CO3 phase arises from a new direction change of irrep X3- leading to the simultaneous condensation of new secondary modes. Its symmetry is Pn21m and the Mn1 site is now split which leads to a total of four non-equivalent Mn sites in the unit cell. In this phase, more tilts of the MnO6 octahedrons are allowed following the a-b-c+ tilt schema., Financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Projects No. PID2021-124734OB-C21 and –C22 cofunded by ERDF from EU, and Severo Ochoa FUNFUTURE, CEX2019-000917-S),Gobierno de Aragón (Project E12-23R) and Generalitat de Catalunya (Project 2021 SGR 445). Granted beam time at ALBA synchrotron (proposal No. 2018093038)., With funding from the Spanish government through the "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2019-000917-S)., No

Este dataset constituye una fuente de información relevante para investigaciones en ciencias sociales, opinión pública, sociología política y estudios electorales, ya que permite examinar tendencias de percepción social y comportamiento político en Andalucía. Además, el Barómetro de Opinión Pública de Andalucía se viene realizando de manera periódica por el Instituto de Estudios Sociales Avanzados (IESA-CSIC) desde 1996, lo que permite disponer de una serie histórica y temporal para analizar la evolución de las opiniones, actitudes y percepciones de la ciudadanía andaluza a lo largo del tiempo, El objetivo del Barómetro de Opinión Pública de Andalucía (BOPA) es analizar las percepciones, actitudes y valoraciones de la ciudadanía andaluza sobre distintos aspectos de la realidad social, política y económica de Andalucía. Entre los temas abordados se encuentran la situación general de la comunidad autónoma, la evolución de la economía, la valoración de los gobiernos andaluz y español, el estado de los servicios públicos, especialmente la educación y la sanidad, así como la cultura política y el comportamiento electoral de la población con derecho a voto. El estudio se basa en una encuesta realizada a 3.655 ciudadanos andaluces mayores de edad con derecho a sufragio, cuyo trabajo de campo se desarrolló entre octubre y noviembre de 2010. Los resultados ofrecen una visión detallada de las principales preocupaciones sociales de la población andaluza en ese momento, destacando cuestiones como el desempleo, la crisis económica y la valoración de la gestión política e institucional. Asimismo, el barómetro incorpora información segmentada por variables sociodemográficas como edad, sexo, nivel educativo, clase social o recuerdo de voto, permitiendo un análisis comparativo de las opiniones ciudadanas., Federación de Cajas de Ahorro de Andalucía, Peer reviewed

1 file, Supplementary tables with cetacean mitogenomes dataset analysis, extracted from NCBI's Nucleotide database and Bold Systems, last accessed on 4th of July 2025 (Afonso et al): Table S1 - Full analysed dataset extracted from NCBI Nucleotide database (4th of July 2025) with accession numbers, presence or absence (TRUE/FALSE) of each target markers, journal, taxa information and geographical metadata extracted from the records. Table S2 - Number of total and target marker (12S, 16S, COI, Cytb and D-loop) sequences at species level, from the extracted dataset from the NCBI Nucleotide database (accesse on July 4, 2025). NCBI taxonomy correspond to species/subspecies associated to at least one unique accession, while SMM Taxonomy indicates its currently accepted taxonomic cassification (Society of Marine Mammalogy, 2025). Table S3 - Full analysed COI/COI-5P dataset extracted from Barcode of Life Database Systems (BOLD; 4th of July 2025) with processid, sampleid, recordID, bin, taxa information, geographical metadata and GenBank related information. Table S4 - Number of studies and marker sequences for each of the formed geographical clusters, of sequences extracted from NCBI Nucleotide database (4th of July 2025). Only records with geographical information available. Table S5 - Number of records per cetacean family in each of the formed geographical clusters, extracted from NCBI Nucleotide database (4th of July 2025). Only records with geographical information available, Peer reviewed

The supplemental material includes: description of the experimental and theoretical methods, and results on the Tc and Hc measurements., No