Resultados de investigación

Peer reviewed

Supporting figures containing MALDI-ToF MS, inverse-gated 13C NMR, 1H NMR, SAXS, and fluorescence; supporting tables containing nanogel stoichiometry and relevant experimental data of hbPG bearing three-arm core., Peer reviewed

CARMENES radial velocity and activity indicators of TOI-1243, TOI-4529, TOI-5388., We report the confirmation of three transiting exoplanets orbiting TOI-1243 (LSPM J0902+7138), TOI-4529 (G 2-21) and TOI-5388 (Wolf 346) initially detected by TESS, through ground-based photometry and radial-velocity follow-up measurements with CARMENES. The planets present short orbital periods of 4.65, 5.88, and 2.59 days, and they orbit early M dwarfs (M2.0 V, M1.5 V, and M3.0 V, respectively). We were able to precisely determine the radius of all three planets with a <7% precision, the mass of TOI-1243b with 19% precision and upper mass limits for TOI-4529b and TOI-5388b. TOI-1243b has a radius of 2.33+/-0.12R_{Earth}_, a mass of 7.7+/-1.5M_{Earth}_, and a mean density of 0.61+/-0.15{rho}_{Earth}_. TOI-4529b has a radius of 1.77^+0.09^_-0.08_R_{Earth}_, a 3{sigma} upper mass limit of 4.9 M_{Earth} and a 3{sigma} upper density limit of 0.88{rho}_{Earth}_. The third planet, TOI-5388b, is Earth-sized with a radius of 0.99^+0.07^_-0.06_R_{Earth}_, a 3{sigma} upper mass limit of 2.2M_{Earth}_ and a 3{sigma} upper density limit of 2.2{rho}_{Earth}_. While TOI-5388 b is most probably rocky, given its Earth-like radius, TOI-1243 b and TOI-4529 b are located in a highly degenerate region in the mass-radius space. TOI-4529 b appears to lean towards a water-world composition. TOI-1243 b has enough mass to host a significant H-He envelope, although a water-world and pure rocky compositions are also consistent with the data. Our analysis indicates that future atmospheric observations using JWST can aid into determining their real composition. The sample of small planets around M-dwards is widely used to understand planet formation and composition theories, and our study adds 3 more planets to this sample. (hide), Peer reviewed

File 1: Processed carbohydrate datasets (low molecular weight carbohydrates (LMWC), monomeric composition (MC), molecular weight (Mw) distribution used for tables and figures in the manuscript (Excel format)., File 1a_Raw_Data_Clavete-Torre: Data from Table 1 and of supplementary material for statistical analysis, File 1b_Raw_Data_Clavete-Torre: Data from the supplementary material without statistical analysis, File 2: Complementary processed data and statistical outputs. File generated by SPSS, Data_SupplementaryTable_S2, Data_SupplementaryTable_S5, Vegetable by-products represent an underutilized source of structurally complex polysaccharides, and their conversion into high-value functional ingredients remains largely unexplored. Lactic acid fermentation is a promising and sustainable approach for modifying the structure of plant carbohydrates and generating bioactive oligosaccharides., Herein, we combined culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches to link microbial community carbohydrate-active potential with polysaccharide restructuring during lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-guided vegetable fermentations. Controlled fermentations were performed using 17 plant-derived lactic acid bacteria strains and two agro-industrial side streams with contrasting polysaccharide compositions: brewer’s spent grain and artichoke residues. Fermentation induced substrate- and strain-specific shifts in carbohydrate composition, including the accumulation of lower molecular weight fractions, indicative of partial depolymerization of starch, xylan and pectin, recognised precursors of emergent prebiotic oligosaccharides. These results demonstrate the capacity of LAB-driven fermentation to modify plant cell wall polysaccharides into potentially functional carbohydrate fractions. However, the extent of these transformations could not be consistently explained by predicted carbohydrate-active enzyme repertoires alone, suggesting that genomic potential is insufficient to predict polysaccharide conversion in complex matrices. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize the carbohydrate fraction of i) unfermented substrates, ii) spontaneously fermented substrates, and iii) substrates fermented with strains selected for their genomic profile. For this characterization, the LMWC content and monomeric composition were determined by GC-FID, and the molecular weight distribution of the soluble compounds was determined by HPSEC-ELSD. This dataset compiles these data., Overall, LAB-driven fermentation emerges as a flexible yet context-dependent strategy to tailor plant-derived polysaccharides, and produce value-added oligosaccharides from vegetable by-products., This work has been funded by TED2021-131541B-I00 and JDC2022-049850-I, both funded by MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 European Union NextGenerationEU/ PRTR; by CSIC grant 202370E168; by PID2021-123862OB-I00; PID2022-141737OB-100 and by PID2024-158847OB-I00 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”., No

Light curves of SN 2025csc, SN 2024uzf, SN 2024hpj, SN 2022ytx and SN 2022mop., Supernovae (SNe) IIn are terminal explosions of massive stars that are surrounded by a dense circumstellar medium (CSM). Among SNe IIn, a notable subset is the SNe 2009ip-like, which exhibit an initial, fainter peak attributed to stellar variability in the late evolutionary stages, followed by a brighter peak, interpreted as the SN explosion itself. In this context, we analyse the spectrophotometric evolution of SN 2024hpj, an object with a triple-peaked light curve and spectra typical of a SN IIn but with a complex line profile composed of broad P-Cygni features topped by narrow emissions. Comparing it with other SNe 2009ip-like in the literature, as well as other unpublished objects (SNe 2019mry, 2022ytx, 2024uzf, and 2025csc), we identify star-forming regions as their preferred formation environment. On the other hand, the diversity of spectrophotometric features within the sample suggests that variations in CSM mass and distribution may influence the observed characteristics. We identify four sub-classes based on the luminosity and rapidity of the light curve evolution, which give insights regarding possible differences in the progenitors, while a statistical analysis on their observed rate indicates progenitor masses around 25-31M_{sun}_ and lower. (hide), From Irene Salmaso, irene.salmaso(at)inaf.it We thank the anonymous referee for the helpful comments, S. Goto for providing the SN 2023vbg data, and S. Brennan for the useful discussions. IS, AP, AR, GV, NER acknowledge financial support from the PRIN-INAF 2022 "Shedding light on the nature of gap transients: from the observations to the models". IS acknowledge financial support from the SOXS project. YZC is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No. 12303054), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2024YFA1611603), the Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (Grant Nos. 202401AU070063, 202501AS070078), and the International Centre of Supernovae, Yunnan Key Laboratory (No. 202302AN360001). AR acknowledges financial support from the GRAWITA Large Program Grant (PI P. D'Avanzo). TLK acknowledges support via an Academy of Finland grant (340613; P.I. R. Kotak), support from the Turku University Foundation (grant no. 081810), and a Warwick Astrophysics prize post-doctoral fellowship made possible thanks to a generous philanthropic donation. MGB, CPG and NER acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MCIN) and the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) 10.13039/501100011033 under the PID2023-151307NB-I00 SNNEXT project, from Centro Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) under the PIE project 20215AT016 and the program Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-M, and from the Departament de Recerca i Universitats de la Generalitat de Catalunya through the 2021-SGR-01270 grant. CPG acknowledges financial support from the Secretary of Universities and Research (Government of Catalonia) and by the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme of the European Union under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie and the Beatriu de Pinos 2021 BP 00168 programme. LG acknowledges financial support from AGAUR, CSIC, MCIN and AEI 10.13039/501100011033 under projects PID2023-151307NB-I00, PIE 20215AT016, CEX2020-001058- M, ILINK23001, COOPB2304, and 2021-SGR-01270. TK acknowledges support from the Research Council of Finland project 360274. AMG acknowledges financial support from grant PID2023-152609OA-I00, funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (MICIU), the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI, 10.13039/501100011033), and the European Union's European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Based on observations collected at Copernico 1.82m telescope and Schmidt 67/92 telescope (Asiago Mount Ekar, Italy) INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova. Based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, owned in collaboration by the University of Turku and Aarhus University, and operated jointly by Aarhus University, the University of Turku and the University of Oslo, representing Denmark, Finland and Norway, the University of Iceland and Stockholm University at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. Observations from the Nordic Optical Telescope were obtained through the NUTS2 collaboration, which are supported in part by the Instrument Centre for Danish Astrophysics (IDA). The data presented here were obtained in part with ALFOSC, which is provided by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA). The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This work was based in part on observations made with the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG), operated on the island of La Palma by the Fundacion Galileo Galilei of the INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica) at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. Based on observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC), (Programs GTCMULTIPLE2B-24B (PI: Nancy Elias-Rosa), GTCMULTIPLE2G-24A (PI: Nancy Elias-Rosa), GTCMULTIPLE2E-25A (PI: Antonia Morales-Garoffolo) installed at the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, on the island of La Palma. Based on observations collected at Centro Astronomico Hispano en Andalucia (CAHA) at Calar Alto, operated jointly by Junta de Andalucia and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IAACSIC). Based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48- inch and the 60-inch Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-2034437 and a collaboration including Caltech, IPAC, the Weizmann Institute for Science, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University of Maryland, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron and Humboldt University, the TANGO Consortium of Taiwan, the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, Trinity College Dublin, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, and IN2P3, France. Operations are conducted by COO, IPAC, and UW. The Pan- STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project O ce, the Max-Planck Society and its participat inginstitutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. This work has made use of data from the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) project. The Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) project is primarily funded to search for near earth asteroids through NASA grants NN12AR55G, 80NSSC18K0284, and 80NSSC18K1575; byproducts of the NEO search include images and catalogs from the survey area. This work was partially funded by Kepler/K2 grant J1944/80NSSC19K0112 and HST GO-15889, and STFC grants ST/T000198/1 and ST/S006109/1. The ATLAS science products have been made possible through the contributions of the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, the Queen's University Belfast, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the South African Astronomical Observatory, and The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS), Chile. This work makes use of observations from the Las Cumbres Observatory global telescope network (data from GSP telescope). Based on observations made with the William Herschel Telescope operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. We acknowledge the usage of the HyperLeda database (http://leda.univ-lyon1.fr). This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database, which is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and operated by the California Institute of Technology., With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2020-001058-M), Peer reviewed

Peer reviewed

Supplement contains an appendix to the main text including theoretical derivations and special cases of interest., No

This file is a guide to the code, data, and metadata for the above mentioned paper. It contains instructions to replicate the analysis. The data contains behavioural observations of Chlorurus sordidus and timed swims for the herbivore assemblage on the coral reefs of the Lakshdaweep Archipelago. Extract the sub-folders from the file "data.zip". All raw unprocessed data is contained in the folder "raw_data". The cleaned dataset, ready for analysis is in the folder "analysis_data". The folder "scripts" (uploaded on Zenodo in the folder code, with also contains the R project) contains all the R code used in the analysis. We recommend running it through the R project "grouping_herbivory.Rproj". Put the R project, the folder "scripts", and the two data folders "raw_data" and "analysis_data" in the same directory/folder, then proceed with the scripts through the R project. To replicate the modelling and results, download the entire folder, then open the R project "grouping_herbivory.Rproj". From here, sequentially run the scripts "03_.." to "07_.." to skip the data cleaning and get straight to the analysis., Social context can modify the behaviour of animals, influencing how they interact with their environment – potentially cascading to effects on ecosystem functions. However, typical proxies for functions, such as biomass or densities, may not completely capture this behavioural variation. We examined how grouping behaviour of an abundant parrotfish species, Chlorurus sordidus, influences the critical function of herbivory on coral reefs in the Lakshadweep Archipelago and evaluated the role of density-dependence and territorial aggression from competitors in driving group formation in the entire herbivorous fish assemblage. Bite rates increased with increasing group sizes and decreased with aggressive encounters, with parrotfish in larger groups consuming about 80% more algae per capita than solitary individuals. Group foragers also benefitted marginally from reduced territorial aggression from competing herbivores. The propensities of herbivores to form groups, and their group sizes were positively density dependent, and, to a lesser extent, were driven by access to resources defended by territorial competitors. Our study highlights the importance of incorporating behavioural variation in assessments and predictive frameworks of ecosystem functioning. As our results indicate, for social animals, key ecosystem functions are particularly sensitive to animal densities and interspecific interactions, especially when individual function varies with social context., Tata Institute of Fundamental Research: RTI 4006, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Fisheries Society of the British Isles: FSBI-RG23-555, Peer reviewed

Additional file 1., Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique et Technique., Peer reviewed

This dataset contains the first high-quality annotated genome assembly of Pinna rudis and an updated genome assembly of Pinna nobilis. The assemblies were generated to facilitate studies on genetic factors associated with mass mortality events that have affected P. nobilis but not P. rudis. The dataset includes predicted coding sequences for both genomes and their corresponding functional annotations. These resources support future analyses of genomic variation, immune-related gene families, and potential mechanisms of disease resilience in Pinna species., European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency: LIFE24-NAT-ES-PINNACARE/101216239, LIFE programs, Peer reviewed