Resultados de investigación

En plantas superiores, el sulfuro de hidrógeno (H₂S) se ha convertido en una molécula de señalización clave en diversos procesos fisiológicos y de respuesta al estrés. Uno de los mecanismos mediante los cuales el H₂S regula la función proteica es mediante una modificación postraduccional denominada persulfidación, que altera la función de las proteínas. La importancia de H₂S está solo al comienzo de esta atractiva área de investigación en fisiología vegetal, ya que muchos aspectos Bioquímicos y Fisiológicos están escasamente estudiados. Los datos obtenidos en este proyecto demostraron que el tratamiento de plantas de Arabidopsis con cadmio y con hidrosulfuro de sodio (NaHS, donador de H₂S) incrementó la intensidad de las bandas que corresponden a las proteínas persulfidadas (biotiniladas) y la actividad de la enzima L-cisteína desulfhidrasa (LCD), en comparación con plantas tratadas solo con cadmio. Sin embargo, en las plantas cultivadas en presencia de cromo y NaHS, se observó una disminución en la intensidad de las bandas persulfidadas y la actividad de la enzima LCD, en comparación con las plantas tratadas solo con cromo. Además, las proteínas persulfidadas fueron identificadas mediante espectrometría de masas (nanoLC-MS/MS). El análisis informático reveló que estas proteínas están involucradas en diversos procesos biológicos, destacando la fijación de carbono, el ciclo reductor de las pentosas-fosfato, fotosíntesis, entre otros. De este conjunto de proteínas, se seleccionaron la ascorbato peroxidasa (APX), la monodeshidroascorbato reductasa (MDHAR), la glutatión reductasa (GR) y la glucosa-6-fosfato deshidrogenasa (G6PDH) para evaluar el efecto de la persulfidación mediante análisis in vitro. La actividad de las enzimas del ciclo Ascorbato-Glutation se redujo tras el tratamiento con NaHS, este efecto fue revertido mediante el tratamiento con ditiotreitol. No obstante, la actividad de G6PDH se incrementó tras el tratamiento con NaHS. En resumen, el sulfuro de hidrógeno mejora la tolerancia al estrés por cadmio mediante la activación de las enzimas G6PDH y L-cisteína desulfhidrasa. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian un comportamiento diferencial de las proteínas persulfidadas en respuesta al estrés por metales pesados, abriendo nuevas vías para el estudio del metabolismo del H₂S en plantas., Referencia del proyecto del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades: PID2020-117774GA-I00

Background: Several studies have examined the impact of leadership on employee well-being and health. However, this research has focused on a variable-centred approach. By contrast, the present study adopts a person-centred approach. Aims: To (a) identify latent ‘resources’ profiles among two samples combining vigour at work, work engagement and physical activity levels; (b) examine the link between the identified profiles and indicators of psychological/physical health; and (c) test whether different levels of transformational leadership determine the probability of belonging to a particular profile. Method: Two samples of workers, S1 and S2 (NS1 = 354; NS2 = 158), completed a cross-sectional survey before their annual medical examination. Results: For S1, the results of latent profile analysis yielded three profiles: spiritless, spirited and high-spirited. Both high-spirited and spirited profiles showed a positive relationship with mental health, whereas spiritless showed a negative relationship. For S2, two profiles (spirited and spiritless) were replicated, with similar effects on mental health, but none of them was related to total cholesterol. In both samples, transformational leadership determined the probability of belonging to a particular profile. Conclusions: Transformational leadership increased the probability of belonging to a more positive profile and, therefore, to better workers’ health., This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through project PID2020-116521RB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by a predoctoral fellowship (FPU18/00302).

Diseño Experimental, procedimiento, registro de conducta, expresión de cFos, datos SPSS, publicación aceptada (pre-print)., Convergent results suggest that lateral habenula (LHb) activity reduces reward value and enhances aversive learning. Electrical stimulation of LHb neurons reduces sucrose intake and cocaine/morphine seeking, whereas LHb lesions attenuate taste aversion learning and avoidance of predator odor, retard appetitive extinction, and interfere with appetitive conditioned inhibition training. However, the role of the LHb in consummatory successive negative contrast (cSNC), an animal model of acute anxiety/frustration induced by reward loss, remains unknown. We hypothesized that a surprising reward downshift would enhance activity in the LHb. Three groups of rats received access to sucrose during eleven 5-min sessions. Group 32-2 had access to 32% sucrose for 10 sessions followed by a downshift to 2% sucrose on session 11. Groups 2-2 and 32-32 (unshifted controls) had access to 2% and 32% sucrose, respectively, in each of 11 sessions. After session 11, all animals were perfused and brains were prepared for immunohistochemistry of c-Fos expression, a marker of neuronal depolarization. There was less sucrose consumption on session 11 in Group 32-2 than in Groups 2-2 and 32-32—the cSNC effect (p<0.04). Cell density was elevated in the lateral and medial sections of the LHb in Group 32-2, relative to unshifted groups (ps<0.02). No group differences were observed in the medial habenula (p>0.60). These results suggest that the LHb is involved in the cSNC effect, but its precise function remains to be determined, whether it affects cSNC by detecting the mismatch between obtained and expected rewards (reward relativity) or triggers negative emotion (frustrative nonreward) elicited by the reward loss event. Further studies involving integrated assessment of c-Fos in a wide range of brain regions, including the LHb, may clarify the fit of the LHb activity in the connectome underlying the response to reward downshift., Agencia Estatal de Investigación. Proyectos de investigación no orientada. PID2021-123338NB-I00

The present project puts forward a pioneering and systematic study with the aim of comprehensively evaluating the fundamental mechanisms of recognition memory in a novel experimental subject: the common earthworm, Dendrobaena veneta. Recognition memory, defined as the ability to identify previously encountered objects or events, constitutes a fundamental component of episodic memory (concerning the time, place and circumstances of events) and is imperative for adaptation and survival. Its decline is a hallmark of severe degenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. While a substantial body of research has been dedicated to humans and vertebrates, compelling evidence of episodic-like memory has emerged in various invertebrates, including cuttlefish and octopuses. These findings contribute to the growing scientific consensus that complex cognitive abilities are not necessarily linked to the possession of a large brain. In order to comprehend the evolution and origins of higher cognitive functions, it is necessary to investigate them in evolutionarily "simpler" species, such as the earthworm. It is important to note that this research goes beyond the theoretical controversy surrounding recognition memory (dual-process vs. single-process theories) that has not yet been resolved. The present study proposes an innovative associative framework, modelled on the SOP/AESOP model, which elucidates recognition through two discrete, testable priming mechanisms: self-generated priming (decay) and retrieval-generated priming (associative). Empirical dissociations identified in rodent studies conducted previously lend support to the predictions derived from the associative model under consideration. The present project has been designed to rigorously test this associative structure in the earthworm. The experiment will involve adapting standard mammalian recognition tasks, such as Spontaneous Object Recognition (SOR), Relative Recency (RR), Object-in-Context (OIC), and Object-in-Place (OIP), to make use of the earthworm's strong sense of smell. Essential odours will be used as experimental stimuli, which will be placed beneath a perforated grid. The objectives of this proposal can be distilled into two overarching aims. Firstly, the objective is to establish a standardised, robust procedure for evaluating all facets of recognition memory (i.e. what, when and where) in earthworms. Secondly, the associative structure should be directly evaluated by comparing the effect of temporal intervals on tasks dependent on different priming mechanisms (e.g. RR vs. OIP) and analysing the interaction of these priming mechanisms using modified RR and OIC designs. Achieving these objectives will provide fundamental insights into the mechanisms of memory and establish an appropriate, standardised comparative procedure for future memory studies across diverse animal species. This will transform our understanding of cognition in the phylogenetic tree.

Research about factors affecting workers’ physical and mental fatigue has mainly focused on job characteristics. However, as the extended demands-resources model acknowledges, the family, work, and organizational domains are interconnected. In this study, we analyze whether self-undermining behaviors can induce work-family conflict, leading to fatigue. Moreover, we examine the moderating role of a physically active, healthy climate within the family on the above relationships. Two hundred sixteen workers from different industry sectors completed self-reported measures at two-time points. At Time 1 (T1), self-undermining and family health climate regarding physical activity; and at Time 2 (T2), work-family conflict and fatigue were measured. SPSS’s PROCESS macro was used to conduct moderated mediation analyses. Albeit selfundermining (T1) did not have a direct effect on fatigue (T2), it had an indirect effect through work-family conflict (T2), moderated by the family climate (T1). Specifically, an increase on physical activity behaviors at the family level buffered the effect of selfundermining on work-family conflict. This study highlights the interconnection between work and family, discovering strategies at the family level to buffer the impact of self-undermining behaviors on work-family conflict, thereby reducing fatigue. As stressors on one domain can hurt another, positive effects may also influence each other., This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through project PID2020-116521RB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/5011000110

Datos del artículo

Enhanced wind energy Capacity Factors data base (NUTS 3, hourly, 1990-2020) for Spain, resulting from this work: Antonio Jiménez-Garrote, Guadalupe Sánchez-Hernández, Miguel López-Cuesta, Inés María Galván, Ricardo Aler, David Pozo-Vázquez, A novel method for modeling renewable power production using ERA5: Spanish wind energy, Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, Volume 81, 2025, 104397, ISSN 2213-1388, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2025.104397. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213138825002280 When quoting this dataset, please refer this publication., Enhanced wind energy Capacity Factors data base (NUTS 3, hourly, 1990-2020) for Spain, resulting from this work: Antonio Jiménez-Garrote, Guadalupe Sánchez-Hernández, Miguel López-Cuesta, Inés María Galván, Ricardo Aler, David Pozo-Vázquez, A novel method for modeling renewable power production using ERA5: Spanish wind energy, Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, Volume 81, 2025, 104397, ISSN 2213-1388, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2025.104397. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213138825002280 When quoting this dataset, please refer this publication., This study was conducted in the framework the MET4LOWCAR research project (reference PID2019-107455RB-C21/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033 and PID2019-107455RB-C22/AEI/10.13039/5011 00011033), financed by the Spanish Research Agency. Guadalupe Sánchez-Hernández also thanks the support from UE-Junta de Andalucía co-funded postdoctoral fellowship PAIDI2020-DOC_01110. The authors acknowledge the Spanish TSO Red Eléctrica for yielding actual wind and solar PV generation data.

Se presenta una relación de indicadores para cada uno de los 17 ODS de la Agenda 2030, adaptados a la actividad de producción y comercialización de aceite de oliva del Sector olícola español. El documento excel es uno de los resultados obtenidos del Proyecto de investigación: Análisis de la Vinculación de la rentabilidad del cooperativismo oleícola andaluz con la alineación de los ODS (Proyectos De I+D+I En El Marco Del Programa Operativo FEDER Andalucía 2014-2020)., PROGRAMA OPERATIVO FEDER ANDALUCÍA 2014-2020.

-, This plan outlines the approach to process and manage the data following the 'FAIR' principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) for the project: "Impact of prosodic visual aids on improving reading fluency in readers with and without difficulties"., -