BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

The use of non-invasive methodology, which does not cause damage or alterations on benthic communities, is particularly necessary in vulnerable ecosystem studies and Marine Protected Areas (MPA) monitoring. The European directives on protection and the OSPAR Commission described the habitats structured by sessile species of great size, such as corals or sponges, as particularly vulnerable habitats requiring special protection. The knowledge of population structures as indicators of their state of health is a requirement to improve the management programs. The presence of gorgonian forests and deep-sea sponge aggregations in the Le Danois Bank was the cause of it declaration by the Ministry of the Environment as "El Cachucho” MPA, being included in the Natura 2000 network. Currently being performed follow-up surveys to know their conservation status. This study presents methodology and first results obtained in the analysis of the video transects acquired in ‘El Cachucho’ MPA, during the ESMAREC survey using the ROTV Politolana underwater towed vehicle. Video was recorded to pilot the ROTV, so characteristics of video camera were not specifically designed for monitoring the habitats. But recent developments in specific software of photogrammetric image analysis have allowed extracting valuable information of these video transects. The outputs of the photogrammetric approach include products such as geo-referenced orthomosaic, Digital Surface Model (DSM) and point cloud (XYZ). These data show the possibility to evaluate the size and morphology (including 3D analysis) of the vulnerable species in the area, as the gorgonians Paramuricea placomus and Callogorgia verticillata and the sponges Asconema setubalense and Geodia megastrella. The non-invasive growth rate studies need a set of measurement, fan height, fan width, and others. This methodology will make easier future studies about age and rate of growth of these species and population structure in the zone.

Novela gráfica que a través de un joven húsar, húngaro, narrra los desastres de la contienda.

Recently, several sets of standardized food pictures have been created, supplying both food images and their subjective evaluations. However, to date only the OLAF (Open Library of Affective Foods), a set of food images and ratings we developed in adolescents, has the specific purpose of studying emotions toward food. Moreover, some researchers have argued that food evaluations are not valid across individuals and groups, unless feelings toward food cues are compared with feelings toward intense experiences unrelated to food, that serve as benchmarks. Therefore the OLAF presented here, comprising a set of original food images and a group of standardized highly emotional pictures, is intended to provide valid between-group judgments in adults. Emotional images (erotica, mutilations, and neutrals from the International Affective Picture System/IAPS) additionally ensure that the affective ratings are consistent with emotion research. The OLAF depicts high-calorie sweet and savory foods and low-calorie fruits and vegetables, portraying foods within natural scenes matching the IAPS features. An adult sample evaluated both food and affective pictures in terms of pleasure, arousal, dominance, and food craving, following standardized affective rating procedures. The affective ratings for the emotional pictures corroborated previous findings, thus confirming the reliability of evaluations for the food images. Among the OLAF images, high-calorie sweet and savory foods elicited the greatest pleasure, although they elicited, as expected, less arousal than erotica. The observed patterns were consistent with research on emotions and confirmed the reliability of OLAF evaluations. The OLAF and affective pictures constitute a sound methodology to investigate emotions toward food within a wider motivational framework., Hum-388 Research Group/Grupo de Investigación "Psicofisiología Humana y Salud"

All data are own production except for ieee118.raw, Transient Stability Constrained Optimal Power Flow (TSCOPF) is a nonlinear optimization problem used to perform economic dispatches while ensuring transient stability. This paper proposes a multi-contingency TSCOPF model that retains the dynamics of all generators and includes a transient synchronous generator dq-axis model. Program write_tscopf.py automatically reads the system data from standard PSSE raw files, builds the TSCOPF model tscopf.gms on high-level modelling system GAMS and solves it using a non-heuristic Interior Point algorithm. This approach facilitates the application of the model to a variety of systems and scenarios. Data for the New England 39 Bus System and the IEEE 118 Bus system are included.

Dataset acquired in 2015 and 2016. The processed datafiles (EDI format) were produced in 2016, except station B10, which was processed in 2017 The electromagnetic time series were collected: 2015, May 8 – May 29: NBPB, B01, B02, B03, B04, B05, B06, B08, B07, B09, NBPN 2015, Oct 30 – Nov 24: NBPB, B09, B04, B02, B01 (Repeated sites because problems with equipment) 2016, April 5 – May 8: B10, B11 All data were acquired along a NS profile in NE Brazil, crossing the States of Ceará, Pernambuco and Bahia. The profile is located between the towns of Pedra Branca (Ceará) in the North and Ponto Novo (Bahia) in the South, with stations installed some 60 km apart. The detailed coordinates are: B10: 4.966023 S, 39.607355 W NBPB: 5.543220 S, 39.583642 W B11: 5.993708 S, 39.510808 W B01: 6.16795 S, 39.409718 W B02: 6.641967 S, 39.340252 W B03: 7.047250 S, 39.497515 W B04: 7.575410 S, 39.674567 W B05: 8.099855 S, 39.897795 W B06: 8.632793 S, 40.224745 W B08: 9.145030 S, 40.373532 W B07: 9.615040 S, 40.383048 W B09: 10.214183 S, 40.205405 W NBPN: 10.846805 S, 40.198437 W, Objectives: The main goal was to investigate the regional setting in Eastern Borborema to study the uplift of the Araripe Basin. Another goal of the BODES experiment was to build integrated geophysical images of the Borborema Province’s crust and lithospheric mantle in order to improve our understanding of its geodynamic and tectonic evolution. Conclusions: We have interpreted the high conductivities under the Araripe Basin as an indication of shallow, enriched asthenospheric mate- rial, involving small amounts of fluids and melt. We have proposed that the emplacement of a shallow asthenosphere would have orig- inated through extension and passive upwelling at the time of basin formation, and explained its preservation through geologic time by invoking lateral asthenospheric flow from a distant source. We have proposed that the hot, buoyant asthenospheric mate- rial under the basin provided a vertical push under the Araripe Basin that helped the tectonic inversion of the basin. Additionally, the presence of this asthenospheric material under the Araripe Basin – and the correspondingly raised geotherm – might have weakened the lithospheric mantle, caused regional compressional stresses to concentrate on the brittle crust, and contribute to basin uplift. The high resistivities flanking the conductive anomaly north and south of the Araripe Basin have been interpreted as thickened lithosphere representing lithospheric material that was eroded from under the basin and attached to the flanks through a roll-down flow process. Shear zones have been mapped as conductive anomalies cross- ing the crust in the Borborema region, suggesting the presence of conductive minerals or graphite, precipitated by fluids flow and shear zone reactivation. To the south of the profile, the Riacho do Pontal fold belt is observed to be flanked by conductive structures, which have been interpreted as relict subduction material, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq): grant no 400743/ 2014-0 CNPq: visiting research fellowship held under the Ciência Sem Fronteiras program. CNPq: process no 304421/2015-4, B01_NBPB_nw.edi B02_NBPB_ne.edi B03_NBPB_sw.edi B04_NBPB_ne.edi B05_NBPB_ne.edi B06_NBPB_ne.edi B07_NBPB_nw.edi B08_NBPB_se.edi B09_NBPB_ne.edi B10_SW.edi NBPB_AR09_se.edi NBPN_NBPB_nw.edi, Peer reviewed

Simón-Porcar_etal_2015_AJB Genetic database of 31 populations of Narcissus papyraceus in the western Mediterranean, genotyped with 8 microsatellite markers. Genotyped individuals are either long-styled (L) or short-styled (S)., Premise of the study: Theoretical models state that natural selection and mating patterns account for floral morph ratio in style- polymorphic plants. However, the demographic history of populations can also influence variation in morph ratios. If so, we hypothesize an association between the morph ratios and the genetic structure across populations. Methods: We used nuclear microsatellites to assess genetic variation and structure in populations of Narcissus papyraceus, a style-dimorphic plant whose floral morph ratios (L-morph to S-morph) gradually vary throughout its distribution range in the southwestern SW Mediterranean Basin. We implemented analyses to relate the genetic features of populations with their morph ratios. Key results: We found greater frequencies of the S-morph in central populations and declining frequencies toward the periphery. This geographic pattern was not associated with the genetic structure of populations. Instead, we found two distinct genetic groups, mainly separated by the Strait of Gibraltar, with a mixture of morph ratios within each one. Overall, there was a weak genetic structure. Genetic diversity was greater in central and southern dimorphic populations than in northern L-monomorphic populations. Conclusions: Altogether, our results do not support the hypothesis that the demographic history of populations can account for the observed geographical pattern of morph ratios in N. papyraceus. We suggest that adaptive processes shown in previous studies in the species are the main determinant of the existing variation in the morph composition of populations., Peer reviewed

All Tribolium Genotypes This file includes all the genotypes scored as part of this study in GenPop format. Sample names include either Fam (indicating that they are the first offspring from each family in the inbreeding assey) or Ind (indicating that these are additional individuals from the selection lines also included in the sample name). Allgenotypes.xlsx Per locus heterozygosity The estimated heterozygosities for each locus for each population produced by GenPop. Het by locus.xlsx Tribolium linear models R script The R script used to fit linear models to the heterozygosities and plot the graph. Tribolium_linear_models_Nature.R, Reproduction through sex carries substantial costs, mainly because only half of sexual adults produce offspring. It has been theorized that these costs could be countered if sex allows sexual selection to clear the universal fitness constraint of mutation load. Under sexual selection, competition between (usually) males and mate choice by (usually) females create important intraspecific filters for reproductive success, so that only a subset of males gains paternity. If reproductive success under sexual selection is dependent on individual condition, which is contingent to mutation load, then sexually selected filtering through ‘genic capture’ could offset the costs of sex because it provides genetic benefits to populations. Here we test this theory experimentally by comparing whether populations with histories of strong versus weak sexual selection purge mutation load and resist extinction differently. After evolving replicate populations of the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum for 6 to 7 years under conditions that differed solely in the strengths of sexual selection, we revealed mutation load using inbreeding. Lineages from populations that had previously experienced strong sexual selection were resilient to extinction and maintained fitness under inbreeding, with some families continuing to survive after 20 generations of sib × sib mating. By contrast, lineages derived from populations that experienced weak or non-existent sexual selection showed rapid fitness declines under inbreeding, and all were extinct after generation 10. Multiple mutations across the genome with individually small effects can be difficult to clear, yet sum to a significant fitness load; our findings reveal that sexual selection reduces this load, improving population viability in the face of genetic stress., Peer reviewed

File nymphs_replica 1.raw.zip This file contains the mass spectrometry data of iTRAQ labeled nymph sample (A. phagocytophilum-infected and uninfected control) replicate 1 (RAW.ZIP). Files may be viewed with Thermo Scientific Qual Browser. nymphs_replica 1.raw.zip File nymphs_replica 2.raw.zip This file contains the mass spectrometry data of iTRAQ labeled nymph sample (A. phagocytophilum-infected and uninfected control) replicate 2 (RAW.ZIP). Files may be viewed with Thermo Scientific Qual Browser. nymphs_replica 2.raw.zip File tissues_ replica 1.raw.zip This file contains the mass spectrometry data of iTRAQ labeled adult female gut and salivary gland sample (A. phagocytophilum-infected and uninfected control) replicate 1 (RAW.ZIP). Files may be viewed with Thermo Scientific Qual Browser. tissues_ replica 1.raw.zip File tissues_ replica 2.raw.zip This file contains the mass spectrometry data of iTRAQ labeled adult female gut and salivary gland sample (A. phagocytophilum-infected and uninfected control) replicate 2 (RAW.ZIP). Files may be viewed with Thermo Scientific Qual Browser. tissues_ replica 2.raw.zip Folder RNAseq analysis This folder contains RNAseq data analysis for A. phagocytophilum-infected and uninfected nymphs, guts and salivary glands samples replicates 1 and 2. RNAseq analysis.zip File Sample_Tissues_Ixo_all_samples.fastq.zip This file contains the reads from I. scapularis adult female tissue samples replicates 1 and 2 (FASTQ.ZIP). Sample_Tissues_Ixo_all_samples.fastq.zip File Sample_Nymphs_Ixo_all_samples.fastq.zip This file contains the reads from I. scapularis nymph samples replicates 1 and 2 (FASTQ.ZIP). Sample_Nymphs_Ixo_all_samples.fastq.zip, Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging pathogen that causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. Infection with this zoonotic pathogen affects cell function in both vertebrate host and the tick vector, Ixodes scapularis. Global tissue-specific response and apoptosis signaling pathways were characterized in I. scapularis nymphs and adult female midguts and salivary glands infected with A. phagocytophilum using a systems biology approach combining transcriptomics and proteomics. Apoptosis was selected for pathway-focused analysis due to its role in bacterial infection of tick cells. The results showed tissue-specific differences in tick response to infection and revealed differentiated regulation of apoptosis pathways. The impact of bacterial infection was more pronounced in tick nymphs and midguts than in salivary glands, probably reflecting bacterial developmental cycle. All apoptosis pathways described in other organisms were identified in I. scapularis, except for the absence of the Perforin ortholog. Functional characterization using RNA interference showed that Porin knockdown significantly increases tick colonization by A. phagocytophilum. Infection with A. phagocytophilum produced complex tissue-specific alterations in transcript and protein levels. In tick nymphs, the results suggested a possible effect of bacterial infection on the inhibition of tick immune response. In tick midguts, the results suggested that A. phagocytophilum infection inhibited cell apoptosis to facilitate and establish infection through up-regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Bacterial infection inhibited the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in tick salivary glands by down-regulating Porin expression that resulted in the inhibition of Cytochrome c release as the anti-apoptotic mechanism to facilitate bacterial infection. However, tick salivary glands may promote apoptosis to limit bacterial infection through induction of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. These dynamic changes in response to A. phagocytophilum in I. scapularis tissue-specific transcriptome and proteome demonstrated the complexity of the tick response to infection and will contribute to characterize gene regulation in ticks., Peer reviewed

Vegetation surveys and mean community traits DeFrenne et al_data.xlsx, Competition for light has profound effects on plant performance in virtually all terrestrial ecosystems. Nowhere is this more evident than in forests, where trees create environmental heterogeneity that shapes the dynamics of forest-floor communities1,​2,​3. Observational evidence suggests that biotic responses to both anthropogenic global warming and nitrogen pollution may be attenuated by the shading effects of trees and shrubs4,​5,​6,​7,​8,​9. Here we show experimentally that tree shade is slowing down changes in below-canopy communities due to warming. We manipulated levels of photosynthetically active radiation, temperature and nitrogen, alone and in combination, in a temperate forest understorey over a 3-year period, and monitored the composition of the understorey community. Light addition, but not nitrogen enrichment, accelerated directional plant community responses to warming, increasing the dominance of warmth-preferring taxa over cold-tolerant plants (a process described as thermophilization6,10,​11,​12). Tall, competitive plants took greatest advantage of the combination of elevated temperature and light. Warming of the forest floor did not result in strong community thermophilization unless light was also increased. Our findings suggest that the maintenance of locally closed canopy conditions could reduce, at least temporarily, warming-induced changes in forest floor plant communities., Peer reviewed

obitools commands used in the analysis of data This file contains the obitools commands used to manipulate sequence reads, filter sequences, and assign taxonomy obitools commands.txt Database of MOTUs and sequences This database contains the number of reads of the different MOTUs in the samples studied, together with information on taxonomic assignment and the sequences themselves database corrected.txt, Marine sediments are home to one of the richest species pools on Earth, but logistics and a dearth of taxonomic work-force hinders the knowledge of their biodiversity. We characterized α- and β-diversity of deep-sea assemblages from submarine canyons in the western Mediterranean using an environmental DNA metabarcoding. We used a new primer set targeting a short eukaryotic 18S sequence (ca. 110 bp). We applied a protocol designed to obtain extractions enriched in extracellular DNA from replicated sediment corers. With this strategy we captured information from DNA (local or deposited from the water column) that persists adsorbed to inorganic particles and buffered short-term spatial and temporal heterogeneity. We analysed replicated samples from 20 localities including 2 deep-sea canyons, 1 shallower canal, and two open slopes (depth range 100–2,250 m). We identified 1,629 MOTUs, among which the dominant groups were Metazoa (with representatives of 19 phyla), Alveolata, Stramenopiles, and Rhizaria. There was a marked small-scale heterogeneity as shown by differences in replicates within corers and within localities. The spatial variability between canyons was significant, as was the depth component in one of the canyons where it was tested. Likewise, the composition of the first layer (1 cm) of sediment was significantly different from deeper layers. We found that qualitative (presence-absence) and quantitative (relative number of reads) data showed consistent trends of differentiation between samples and geographic areas. The subset of exclusively benthic MOTUs showed similar patterns of β-diversity and community structure as the whole dataset. Separate analyses of the main metazoan phyla (in number of MOTUs) showed some differences in distribution attributable to different lifestyles. Our results highlight the differentiation that can be found even between geographically close assemblages, and sets the ground for future monitoring and conservation efforts on these bottoms of ecological and economic importance., Peer reviewed