BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in bulk atmospheric deposition samples collected at four European high mountain areas, Gossenköllesee (Tyrolean Alps), Redon (Central Pyrenees), Skalnate Pleso (High Tatra Mountains) and Lochnagar (Grampian Mountains) between 2004 and 2006. Sample collection was performed monthly in the first three sites and biweekly in Lochnagar. The number of sites, period of study and sampling frequency provide the most comprehensive description of PAH fallout in high mountain areas addressed so far. The average PAH deposition fluxes in Gossenköllesee, Redon and Lochnagar ranged between 0.8–2.1µgm−2mo−1, and in Skalnate Pleso it was 9.7µgm−2mo−1, showing the influence of substantial inputs from regional emission sources. The deposited distributions of PAH were dominated by parent phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, representing 32–60% of total. The proportion of phenanthrene, the most abundant compound, was higher at the sites of lower temperature, Gossenköllesee and Skalnate Pleso, showing higher transfer from gas phase to particles of the more volatile PAHs. The sites with lower insolation, e.g. those located at lower altitude, were those with higher proportion of photooxidable compounds such as benz[a]anthracene. According to the data analysed, precipitation is the main driver of PAH fallout. However, when rain and snow deposition were low, particle settling also constitutes an efficient driver for PAH deposition. Redon and Lochnagar were the two sites receiving highest rain and snow and the fallout of PAH fluxes was related to this precipitation. No significant association was observed between long-range backward air trajectories and PAH deposition in Lochnagar, but in Redon PAH fallout at higher precipitation was essentially related with air masses originating from the North Atlantic, which were dominant between November and May (cold season). In these cases, particle normalized PAH fallout was also associated to higher precipitation as these air masses were concurrent with lower temperatures, which enhanced gas to particle partitioning transfer. In the warm season (June–October), most of the air masses arriving to Redon originated from the south and particle deposition was enhanced as consequence of Saharan inputs. In these cases, particle settling was also a driver of PAH deposition despite the low overall PAH content of the Saharan particles. In Gossenköllesee, the site receiving lowest precipitation, PAH fallout was also related to particle deposition. The particle normalized PAH fluxes were significantly negatively correlated to temperature, e.g. for air masses originating from Central/Eastern Europe, showing a dominant transfer from gas phase to particles at lower temperatures, which enhanced PAH fallout, mainly of the most volatile hydrocarbons. Comparison of PAH atmospheric deposition and lacustrine sedimentary fluxes showed much higher values in the latter case, 24–100µgm−2yr−1 vs. 120–3000µgm−2yr−1, respectively. A strong significant correlation was observed between these two fluxes which is consistent with a dominant origin related with atmospheric deposition at each site., Peer reviewed

This dataset is related to the paper "Drivers of atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at European high-altitude sites" by Arellano et al. , Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2018, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in bulk atmospheric deposition samples collected at four European high mountain areas, Gossenköllesee (Tyrolean Alps), Redon (Central Pyrenees), Skalnate Pleso (High Tatra Mountains) and Lochnagar (Grampian Mountains) between 2004 and 2006. Sample collection was performed monthly in the first three sites and biweekly in Lochnagar. The number of sites, period of study and sampling frequency provide the most comprehensive description of PAH fallout in high mountain areas addressed so far. The average PAH deposition fluxes in Gossenköllesee, Redon and Lochnagar ranged between 0.8–2.1µgm−2mo−1, and in Skalnate Pleso it was 9.7µgm−2mo−1, showing the influence of substantial inputs from regional emission sources. The deposited distributions of PAH were dominated by parent phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, representing 32–60% of total. The proportion of phenanthrene, the most abundant compound, was higher at the sites of lower temperature, Gossenköllesee and Skalnate Pleso, showing higher transfer from gas phase to particles of the more volatile PAHs. The sites with lower insolation, e.g. those located at lower altitude, were those with higher proportion of photooxidable compounds such as benz[a]anthracene. According to the data analysed, precipitation is the main driver of PAH fallout. However, when rain and snow deposition were low, particle settling also constitutes an efficient driver for PAH deposition. Redon and Lochnagar were the two sites receiving highest rain and snow and the fallout of PAH fluxes was related to this precipitation. No significant association was observed between long-range backward air trajectories and PAH deposition in Lochnagar, but in Redon PAH fallout at higher precipitation was essentially related with air masses originating from the North Atlantic, which were dominant between November and May (cold season). In these cases, particle normalized PAH fallout was also associated to higher precipitation as these air masses were concurrent with lower temperatures, which enhanced gas to particle partitioning transfer. In the warm season (June–October), most of the air masses arriving to Redon originated from the south and particle deposition was enhanced as consequence of Saharan inputs. In these cases, particle settling was also a driver of PAH deposition despite the low overall PAH content of the Saharan particles. In Gossenköllesee, the site receiving lowest precipitation, PAH fallout was also related to particle deposition. The particle normalized PAH fluxes were significantly negatively correlated to temperature, e.g. for air masses originating from Central/Eastern Europe, showing a dominant transfer from gas phase to particles at lower temperatures, which enhanced PAH fallout, mainly of the most volatile hydrocarbons. Comparison of PAH atmospheric deposition and lacustrine sedimentary fluxes showed much higher values in the latter case, 24–100µgm−2yr−1 vs. 120–3000µgm−2yr−1, respectively. A strong significant correlation was observed between these two fluxes which is consistent with a dominant origin related with atmospheric deposition at each site., Peer reviewed

Entrevista a Informante 1 en Segura. La huerta. Los frutos. Tipos de terreno. Aceituna y aceite. Uvas y vino. Otras plantas. Setas., Horta e frutos. Tipos de terreno. Azeitona e azeite; uvas e vinho. Outras plantas. Cogomelos., Garden and fruits. Types of terrain. Olives and oil. Grapes and wine. Other plants. Mushrooms.

Entrevista a Antonio Lorenzo en Sela. Situación actual de despoblación y contraste con épocas pasadas. Principales cambios entre la vida tradicional y la moderna, Situação atual de despovoação e confronto com épocas passadas. Principais mudanças entre a vida tradicional e a moderna., Current situation of depopulation and comparison with previous eras. Major changes between traditional and modern life.

Entrevista a informante 1 en San Silvestre de Guzmán. El contrabando. La Guerra Civil y la represión. Había muchas privaciones para poder comer y cotizar. El alcalde Carmelo Fortes fue muy bueno para el pueblo en los tiempos duros de la posguerra. Juegos en la infancia. La escuela. A los 14 la informante deja los estudios, para trabajar en la fresa. Había muchos niños trabajando, que se escondían cuando venían los inspectores., O contrabando. A Guerra Civil e a repressão. Havia muitas privações para comer e fazer os descontos. O presidente da Câmara Carmelo Fortes foi muito bom nos tempos difíceis do período pós-guerra. Jogos na infância. A escola. Aos 14 anos a informante deixa os estudos para trabalhar no morango. Havia muitas crianças trabalhando, que se escondiam quando os inspetores vinham., The contraband. The Civil War and the repression. There were many deprivations to eat and pay Social Security. The mayor Carmelo Fortes was very good for the town in the hard times of the postwar period. Games in childhood. The school. At 14 the informant leaves the studies to work on the strawberry. There were many children working, who hid when the inspectors came.

Entrevista a Francisco y Lola en Rubiás. Cereal, molino, harina y pan, Cereal, moinho, farinha e pão, Cereals, mill, flour and bread

Entrevista a informante 1 en Laranjeiras. ¿Como era la vida en la infancia? Malas vías de comunicación y medios de transporte precarios. Juegos infantiles., Como era a vida na infância? Maus canais de comunicação e meios precários de transporte. Jogos Infantis., What was life like in childhood? Bad communication ways and precarious means of transport. Childish games.

Entrevista a Luis Morais en Moimenta. Árboles frutales. Plantas salvajes y de la huerta. La vid y el vino, Árvores de fruto. Plantas selvagens e da horta. A vide e o vinho, Fruit trees. Wild plants. The garden. Grapevine and wine

Entrevista a informante 1 en Laranjeiras. Ahora no se habla mal el portugués; antes se usaban muchas palabras españolas, porque había mucha convivencia. Ahora hay menos tratos, y mayor escolaridad. Los niños van a la escuela en Alcoutim. Contrabando (atravesando el río a nado) de subsistencia. Entienden bien lo que dice la gente de Sanlúcar. Ellos cuando vienen hablan español, y las personas contestan normalmente en portugués. Diferencias lingüísticas con respecto a otras zonas de Portugal, especialmente con otras localidades del Algarve., Agora não se fala mal o português; antes, usavam-se muitas palavras em espanhol, porque havia muita coexistência. Agora há menos negócios e mais escolaridade. As crianças vão para a escola em Alcoutim. Contrabando (atravessar o rio nadando) de subsistência. Eles entendem bem o que o povo de Sanlúcar diz. Quando eles vêm eles falam espanhol, e as pessoas geralmente respondem em português. Diferenças linguísticas em relação a outras áreas de Portugal, especialmente com outras localidades do Algarve., Now Portuguese is not spoken badly; before, many Spanish words were used, because there was a lot of coexistence. Now there are fewer deals, and more schooling. Children go to school in Alcoutim. Contraband (crossing the river by swimming) of subsistence. They understand well what the people of Sanlúcar say. When they come they speak Spanish, and people usually answer in Portuguese. Linguistic differences with respect to other areas of Portugal, especially with other localities in the Algarve.

Entrevista a informante 1 en Laranjeiras. Ganado. Esquilado. El ordeño. La preparación del queso. La matanza y las comidas típicas con los productos que se obtienen., Gado. Tosquia. A ordenha. A preparação do queijo. A matança e os alimentos típicos com os produtos que são obtidos., Cattle. Sheared. Milking. The preparation of the cheese. Pig slaughter and typical meals with the products obtained.