BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

The effect of different dietary composition on liver lipid accumulation was analyzed. Diets with the same caloric content were given, but which differed in the percentage content (both in weight and derived energy) of proteins and lipids: Control diet (19% protein + 12.5% ​​lipids + 67% carbohydrates), Cafeteria diet (11% protein + 39% fat + 48% carbohydrates), Hyperlipidic diet (HF) (14% protein + 37% fat + 48% carbohydrates), hyperprotein diet (HP) (40% protein + 12% fat + 47% carbohydrates). Cafeteria and HL diets, despite having the same lipid content, differed in their lipid composition. Animals were treated for 30 days with these diets and intake was assessed. Blood and tissue samples were taken after the animals were sacrificed. The usual plasma parameters were measured and in this case, the content of cholesterol and triacylglycerols was determined in the liver, as well as the expression (RNA) of different enzymes involved in its metabolism.

Dades experimentals a partir de les quals s'han calculat activitats enzimàtiques i expressions d'enzims (i altres proteïnes) relacionats amb el cicle de la urea en diferents localitzacions (masses) de teixit adipós blanc de rates (mascles i femelles). Els arxius contenen les dades experimentals directes i els paràmetres de control i de referència, derivats dels animals, que han estat processats per a la publicació. També inclouen algunes fases del processament de les dades per assolir els resultats finals, de forma que el conjunt es pugui comprendre globalment.

Background. White adipose tissue (WAT) is a complex, diffuse, multifunctional organ which contains adipocytes, and a large proportion of fat, but also other cell types, active in defence, regeneration and signalling functions. Studies with adipocytes often require their isolation from WAT by breaking up the matrix of collagen fibres, however, it is unclear to what extent adipocyte number in primary cultures correlates with their number in intact WAT, since recovery and viability are often unknown. Experimental design. Epididymal WAT of 4-6 young adult rats was used to isolate adipocytes with collagenase. Careful recording of lipid content of tissue, and all fraction volumes and weights, allowed us to trace the amount of initial WAT fat remaining in the cell preparation. Functionality was estimated by incubation with glucose and measurement of lactate, glycerol and NEFA production. Non-adipocyte cells were also recovered and their sizes (and those of adipocytes) were also measured. The presence of non-nucleated cells (erythrocytes) was also estimated. Results. Cell numbers and sizes were correlated from all fractions to intact WAT. Tracing the lipid content, the recovery of adipocytes in the final, metabolically active, preparation was in the range of 70-75%. Adipocytes were 7%, erythrocytes 68% and other stromal (nucleated cells) 24% of total WAT cells. However, their overall volumes were, 91%, 0.05%, and 0.2% of WAT. Non-fat volume of adipocytes was 2.5% of WAT. Conclusions. The methodology presented here allows for a direct quantitative reference to the original tissue of studies using isolated cells. We have found, also, that the "live cell mass" of adipose tissue is very small (about 25 µL/g for adipocytes and 2 µL/g stromal, plus about 1 µL/g blood). This fact, translates (with respect to the actual "live cytoplasm" size) into an extremely high metabolic activity, which make WAT an even more significant agent in the control of energy metabolism.

Background: Diet deeply affects the food selection and ingestion both in humans and rodents, often resulting in excess energy intake. Methods: We investigated this process comparing two different high-fat dietary approaches to induce obesity, in which all rats received about 40% of their energy intake as lipids. The main nutrient difference between the diets, when compared with controls fed standard lab chow, was the lipid content. Cafeteria diets (K) were devised to be tasty, and thus highly desirable to the rats, mainly for its diverse mix of tastes, particularly salty and sweet. This diet was compared with another high-fat (HF) potentially obesogenic diet, devised not to be as tasty as K, and prepared just supplementing standard chow pellets with fat. We also analysed the influence of sex on the effects of the diets. Results: K rats grew faster, especially the males, although females showed a higher proportion of body lipid, because of a high lipid, sugar and protein intake. HF weight change rates were not different from those of controls. In addition to high sugar, K rats also ingested large amounts of salt. With this study we have shown that the key factor eliciting the excess energy intake in a high-energy diet rat model was not solely or mainly their fat intake. The changes in body fat accrual were more a consequence of their appetence for the food. Conclusions: The results show that the significant presence of sugar and salt is a powerful factor promoting excess food intake, more effective than increasing diet lipid content. These effects were already observed after a relatively short treatment, additionally confirming the differential effects of sex on the hedonic and obesogenic response to diet.

Dataset from a study on the effect of sex on glucose handling by adipocytes isolated from rat subcutaneous, mesenteric and perigonadal adipose tissue.
Adult rat epididymal adipocytes are able to convert large amounts of glucose to lactate and glycerol. However, fatty acid efflux is much lower than that expected from glycerol levels if they were the product of lipolysis. Use of glucose for lipogenesis is limited, in contrast with the active glycolysis-derived lactate (and other 3-carbon substrates). In this study, we analyzed whether white adipose tissue (WAT) site and sex affect these processes.
Mature adipocytes from perigonadal, mesenteric and subcutaneous WAT of female and male rats were isolated, and incubated with 7 or 14 mM glucose during 1 or 2 days. Glucose consumption, metabolite efflux and gene expression of glycolytic and lipogenesis-related genes were measured.

Dades experimentals de la recerca on s'ha provat de veure si l'administració d'una dieta hiperlipídics (dieta de cafeteria) a rates mascles durant 30 dies, modifica la distribució del flux de sang entre els diferents teixits. Això s'ha fet mitjançant l'administració de microesferes fluorescents. S'ha pogut comprovar que hi ha un augment de flux cap el teixit adipós marró, pulmons i cor i una disminució cap a la pell. Això confirma l'augmenten en els teixits que controlen l'energia dissipada.

El material que es diposita correspon a les dades experimentals, i part del procés de tabulació d'aquestes, d'un estudi de distribució d'àcids grassos en el lípids d'un nou compartiment lipídic dels glòbuls vermells de rata.

RECOMARES Cruise (29GD20200302) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 2020, Reconstruction of deep-sea communities in Iberian Continental Margins in the last decades / centuries- RECOMARES.Sampling will be carried out in a area between Barcelona, ​​N of Mallorca and Columbretes Islands, with a further sampling Intense in the transect between Barcelona and the N of Mallorca (Sóller). On this area will be collected sediments for chronoecology analysis (OBJ1), biological samplings of demersal megafauna (fish and large invertebrates) and zooplankton (OBJ2) and will be taken on each station hydrographic data (with CTDs)

ANTROMARE-3 Cruise (29SG20110616) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, ANTROMARE will incides in the natural variability and in the main factors induced by human activities (impacts derived from global warming, impact of trawling, pollution) in the deep sea ecosystems of the Mediterranean, with the aim of determining the parameters that may be more important in the changes experienced in the ecosystem. The high environmental stability of these floors in comparison with the littoral zones, especially below the 1000 m depth where they are intended to work, make them an optimal scenario for the study of the human impact on diversity. Antromare proposes considering different spatio-temporal scales, depending on the nature of the impact to be followed. The present project will address several key problems in relation to the anthropogenic impact of the marine environment:1) long-term temporal variability in the Mediterranean deep sea communities, and their relationship with climatic and hydrographic factors; 2) the impact of trawling on diversity in a vulnerable habitat such as the isidella elongata facies, with implications for the knowledge and protection of a potential marine protected area; 3) the incidence of pollution on the health status of species and ecosystems (parasitism, pathologies), within which the effects of pollutants on the environment (case of biomarkers of pollution) at great depth and in fauna is especially important (the bentopelagic or suprabenths) that seems especially susceptible to this contamination in the trophic networks of great depth (based on the first results of the biomare project, in course by the same team of the present application). The aim is to identify the possible connections between contamination and biological responses (histological alterations, changes in diet and degree of parasitic infestation). that is, to influence the state of the ecosystems in relation to exposure to pollutants / activities of anthropogenic origin, without ignoring the dynamics of the communities themselves. To cover these objectives, a multidisciplinary approach is planned that will cover the following activities: 1) sampling of deep mega and macro fauna communities, after ca. 20 years, in the same area, with identical methods, as well as the monitoring of series of catches for some key deep sea species and oceanographic / climatological data; 2) determination of the natural variability of the physical parameters (temperature, salinity, particles in suspension, etc.) and trophic (labile organic matter, pigments) of the water column and sediment, with special emphasis on the water-sediment interface ; 3) determination of the presence of contaminants (pcbs, ddts, heavy metals) in sediments and / or organisms in the study areas; 4) evaluation of biomarkers of effect at the cellular and physiological level through cytohistological and parasitological studies of the populations; 5) determination of changes at the ecosystem level (diversity, specific wealth, etc.); and 6) construction of models (eg mlrs, glms, anovas) or application of multivariate techniques that allow to correlate / test among them all the indicators observed in the study habitats to establish which are the variables that explain or indicate with greater reliability the state of alteration / degradation of the medium

LEA Cruise (29GD19980922) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 1998, Trophic networks and energy flow in benthic communities