BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

The acquisition parameters of ESCI-Valencia Trough are: streamer 4500 m, 180 channels, group interval 25 m, sample rate 4 ms., The ESCI-Valencia Trough deep vertical reflection profile extends the crustal image of the ECORS-Pyrenees profile to the Mediterranean coast and provides a crustal transect of the NE Iberian margin. It is a 450 km lenght profile in a NW-SE direction between the Tarragona coast and the SE of Mallorca., Comisión Internacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT); GEO89-0858; GEO90-0733; PB86-0619; C91-0013.--, Peer reviewed

BIOANTART Cruise (29HE19930119) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1993, Dynamic oceanography and productivity of the Bransfield Strait during the austral summer. (BIOANTAR 93). 1) Characterize the different water masses of the Bransfield Strait 2) Study the distribution and variability of the water masses that occupy the Strait from their hydrographic characteristics 3) Analyze the generation and propagation of short surface waves and half period 4) Determine the three-dimensional structure of circulation due to the main regional hydrodynamic agents. 5) Study of the influence of water masses on the distribution of planktonic communities. 6) Study of the importance of the essential nutrients on the growth and metabolism of phytoplankton. 7) Study of the contribution of the different fractions of plankton to abundance and primary productivity. 8) Study of the variability in the importance of microheterotrophic processes during the succession in the trophic structure of ecosystems. 9) Determine the respiratory metabolism of Antarctic microplankton and its relationships with environmental conditions. 10) Study of metabolism (respiration, growth and excretion) of zooplankton and its contribution to the decline of phytoplankton bloom. 11) Preparation of a balance of total production, net community production, exported production and respiratory metabolism of plankton 12) Study of the importance of the Bransfield Strait as spawning area and fish breeding 13) Evaluate the net metabolism of the upper layers of the Antarctic ocean during the austral summer 14) Determine the balance between autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms 15) Study of the role of light as a factor limiting the growth of phytoplankton populations

VARIMED Cruise (29HE19930601) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1993, Mesoscale variability in the Western Mediterranean.(VARIMED). This campaign aims to study the role of mesoscale circulation structures in the general circulation of the surface layer and in the processes that determine both the biological productivity and the transport of organisms and sedimentary material, 1) Study of the structures of mesoscale and its interaction with the average circulation in frontal zones 2) Study of the coupling between the variability of physical and biological phenomena on a slope-platform front 3) Study of the relationship between platform-slope water mass exchanges with the Passive and dynamic transport of larval stages of pelagic and demersal species

MAST-1 Cruise (29HE19930805) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1993, European Coastal Transition Zone-Islas Canarias. -To study the gradient of the hydrographic and biological transition, to the south of the Archipelago, from the oceanic waters west of the island of La Palma to the interior of the platform of the coast of Africa.- To study the structure and dynamics of the water of upwelling filaments, which extends towards the Canaries. -Make a detailed study of the fronts on both sides of the trail, and both sides of the filament. - Analyze the mechanisms of formation of the eddies, and calculate the speed of their displacement, in relation to the surface current. - Quantify the importance of eddies and filaments in the increase of productivity and transport of organic matter in the Canary region

CAMEL Cruise (29HE19931015) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1993, The general scientific objective of the CAMEL 93 campaign is focused on the knowledge of the recent geological evolution, in a broad sense, of the intersaction zone between the final section of the Equatorial Canyon and the western end of the Transformative Fracture of Ferenando de Noronha. Another general objective of the campaign consists in the paleoceanographic study of the sediments deposited in the eastern and western Atlantic continental margins in areas near the equatorial zone during the last 400,000 years, and to deduce the evolution of the water masses of Antarctic origin, its distribution and most recent evolution, and the effects on ocean circulation resulting from the oscillations of the Antarctic ice caps. Morphosedimentary and geophysical geological study based on the obtaining of a mosaic of bathymetric profiles with multibeam, as well as geophysical profiles with high-resolution parametric probe (BPS), single-channel reflection seismic (air cannons), supplemented with background sonography obtained with sonar of lateral sweep and with profiles of magnetometry. Three samples have been made with gravity corer

GEBRA Cruise (29HE19931203) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1993, Geological evolution of the Bransfield Basin and the South Scotia Sea Ridge. Work has been carried out with multibeam, single-channel reflection seismic, parametric BPS probe, magnetometry, gravity cores extraction and instrument anchoring. These techniques have allowed to characterize in great detail the morphostructure, the sedimentary coating and the magnetic anomalies of the studied area

ECOANTAR Cruise (29HE19940101) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1994, Oceanographic dynamic and plankton ecosystem in the eastern Bransfield Strait. The objectives of the campaign are focused on 1) Characterization of the marine circulation and the functioning of the plantonic ecosystem in the eastern part of the Bransfield Strait and adjacent areas and 2) Study of the structure and diversity of bacterial and zooplanktonic communities in the main water masses that lie between the Drake Strait and the Antarctic Peninsula

BENTART-94 Cruise (29HE19940201) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1994, Study of benthic fauna and flora of the bottoms in the south of Livingston Island area. Specific objectives:1) Taxonomic determination of the species belonging to the macrobenthos and meiobenthos. 2) Estimates of the abundance of different species, genera, orders, classes of both the epifauna and epiflora and the infauna. 3) Estimates of the most important physico-chemical variables that influence the distribution and abundance of Antarctic benthos (depth, texture of the substrate, composition in organic matter, carbonates, temperature and salinity). 4) Collection of benthic material for the study of producers of bioactive substances. 5) Collections of fauna and flora of biological interest 6) Bionomic mapping through subamrino video sampling. 7) Study of the temporal variation of primary and secondary production. 8) Study of the stomach contents of demersal fish for the establishment of trophic networks

PASO Cruise (29HE19940301) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1994, Geophysical survey in the South Pacific: Volcanic Belt of Pascua (Hot-Line) and Society Islands (Hot-Spot). The first objective consists in the investigation of the genesis and evolution of the Easter Volcanic Belt, which is an alignment of submarine volcanoes located east of Easter Island and that connects in its easternmost sector with the Nazca Ridge. The knowledge of the cortical structure, as well as the main segmentation directions of the Nazca Plate will allow to quantify the relative movements of the Pascua and Juan Fernandez microplates and therefore define the plate kinematics of an important sector of the South Pacific with implications in seismicity on the western coast of South America. The second objective is the obtaining of significant geophysical parameters for the study of the generation of volcanic rocks and / or submarine volcanic chains, in a context of interplate volcanism referred to the mechanical response of the lithosphere in function of the speed and changes in the expansion oceanica (generation of new lithosphere)

CRESCENT-1 Cruise (29HE19940930) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1994, Morphostructural control of sedimentary record and current sediment transfer in the Central-Eastern Atlantic: Agadir canyon and Hierro Island 1) Study in detail the morpho structure of the Agadir Canyon, with special incidence in the transition area between the mouth of the canyon and the channel and the channel of the turbiditic system, determining the morphology, geometry, stratigraphy and nature of the associated deposits. 2) Study the current sedimentary activity in the submarine canyons and the geological processes. The effect of current dynamic processes on the sedimentary record will be evaluated by analyzing the impact that similar processes could have had in the past. 3) Map the areas of sedimentary instability and establish the relative importance of the instability processes as modeling modifying agents in the morph-structure of the slope, base-slope and basin. 4) Establish relations between the processes of canalized transport, sedimentary instability and mass landslides, and the development of deposits of "debris flows" or turbidites in slopes and basins. Determine the factors - changes in sea level, seismic and / or volcanic activity, which control this interaction. 5) Assign the chronology of the seismic reflectors in the high resolution seismic profiles of BPS based on the chrono-stratigraphic units of the DSDP Sites. 415, 416 in the area of ​​the Agadir basin