BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

INDEMARES-5 Cruise (29GD20111031) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 2011, To study the benthic communities of the Cap de Creus canyon and the Menorca channel.The campaign was carried out on board the García del Cid Oceanographic Ship from October 31 to November 3, 2011, with the objective of carrying out as many ROV transects as possible in those areas that had not been explored in previous campaigns and to recover the Anchoring with the sediment trap of the Son Bou canyon for its maintenance and collection of accumulated samples.Each dive lasted approximately 2 to 4 hours, during which it was not possible to carry out any other type of activity on the deck (sets of dredges, CTD, etc.). A total of seven transects were made. Between dives and at dusk, after the last dive, they took advantage of activities such as trips with the Martin Rauschert dredge to characterize the infauna and megafauna communities. A total of 8 sets were made, of which two were failed. The hauls in the north zone of the channel were intensified because there is little information about the macrofauna and 5 were made in the vicinity of the Cap de Formentor, at depths ranging between 140 and 180 m. One set was made on the platform at a depth of 85 m. In order to characterize the water column at a physical-chemical level and the population of heterotrophic plankton on a seasonal basis, CTD profiles were made and water and plankton samples were collected at points previously sampled in INDEMARES 3 and 4 campaigns inside and outside of the canyon. At each sampling point, four zooplankton diurnal catches and four nocturnal zooplankton catches were made. During the course of the campaign, zooplankton fishing was attempted using two benthic light traps. On November 1, one of the traps was lost due to an incident during the haul maneuvers on deck. An attempt was made to recover the light trap using the ROV, but it was not possible to locate it. The second light trap could be recovered, although one of the mesh of the codend broke and the sample was lost. On October 31, the anchorage was recovered with a sediment trap and several sensors after having stayed a year and two months in the Son Bou canyon at a depth of 463 m. Once on the deck the jars were recovered with the sediment samples and replaced by empty bottles with 10% formaldehyde, the batteries of different sensors and the acoustic release were changed, the status of the different sensors was checked and the shackles were changed and damaged chains with the aim of prolonging the sampling one year and two months more. On November 1 the anchor was left at the same depth inside the canyon. On November 1 an attempt was made to obtain a sediment control with a HAPS sediment collector in the central zone of the Canal, however due to the characteristics of the sediment the guillotine of the collector did not complete its route and part of the sediment was lost. This campaign was the shortest of all due to bad weather. Different transects were made in lobster fishing grounds of the continental shelf in which numerous young individuals were observed. During this campaign the mooring of the Son Bou canyon was recovered and it was anchored again to prolong the sampling one more year. In the dives carried out on the platform, funds from Maërl with Paramuricea macrospina were observed. The transects made in the slope were very diverse. The transect made to the south of the channel, at the head of the Son Bou canyon, dominated the thick sand bottoms, while the transect made to the north of the channel was dominated by rock bottoms with several gorgonian species such as Viminella flagellum, Eunicella sp. and Callogorgia verticillata as well as antipathylates: Parantipathes larix, Antipathes dichotoma and Leiopathes glaberrima

MALASPINA_LEG2 Cruise (29HE20110117) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2011

MALASPINA_LEG3 Cruise (29HE20110211) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2011, A circumnavigation oceanographic expedition to generate a high resolution inventory of global change impact on the ecosystem of the ocean, researching its biodiversity in the deep. 1) PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: The main objective of the Physical Oceanography block is to contribute to understanding the oceanic variability by determining the trends of the different properties of the main bodies of water in the oceans, such as temperature, salinity and oxygen concentration, thus will allow us to determine the variation of atmospheric conditions. 2) BIOCHEMISTRY: The MALASPINA 2010 expedition will study on an unprecedented scale the biogeochemical processes in the ocean on a global scale. It will be investigated where the elements that contribute to life near the surface come from, and what is the fate of the organic matter generated by photosynthesis . The breath of the sea will be measured: the exhalation of gases that conditions our atmosphere and climate. 3) ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION: The objectives of block : "organic pollutants and atmospheric deposition" focus on the measurements of the levels of several families of organic pollutants in the global ocean and atmosphere and the quantification of air-ocean flows and their impact on food chains planktonics (phytoplankton and zooplankton). In addition, a characterization and quantification of the flows of organic carbon, aerosols, nutrients and organic biogenic compounds, and the role they play in the ocean biogeochemical cycles will also be carried out. 4) OCEAN OPTICS: In the Malaspina expedition we are going to study the optics of the ocean that involves measuring mainly the color of water and its transparency to solar radiation. 5) BIODIVERSITY AND MICROBIAL PROCESSES: Our main objective is to investigate, to know, what microorganisms are found and how they are acting in the different oceans of the planet, placing special emphasis on the vast and practically unknown deep ocean. 6) ZOOPLANKTON: The objective of this thematic block is to assess the diversity and efficiency of the energy transfer of the ocean zooplankton community on a global scale. 7) PHYTOPLANKTON AND BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION: Quantify how solar radiation is transmitted through the water column. The behavior of the photosynthetically active light band, which includes visible light of wavelengths between 400 and 700, and of bands of light in the ultraviolet zone will be studied separately. Quantify the magnitude of the organic matter (in particulate and dissolved form) synthesized by the photosynthetic phytoplankton (the so-called primary production or PP), Quantify the carbon consumed by the respiration of the pelagic community, from the surface to the deepest levels of the water column) and compare it with the PP of the different areas visited, - Study the structure of sizes and the distribution by groups of the phytoplankton communities, Evaluate how phytoplankton growth rates vary in response to changes in PAR intensity, ultraviolet radiation and temperature, Estimate the losses due to cell death 8) POPULAR SCIENCE: The Malaspina project has among its objectives to inform society about the impact of global change on the ocean and new opportunities to explore marine biodiversity, increase social awareness of the original Malaspina expedition and encourage scientific vocations among young people 9) STUDENT TRAINING: The Malaspina 2010 project aims to promote scientific vocations among our young people by providing a highly visible activity that will combine aspects of frontier research with an adventure component and attractive teamwork as a training framework. Six universities (U. de Barcelona, ​​U. de Granada, U. de Oviedo, U. de Cádiz, U. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and U. Internacional Menéndez Pelayo and the CSIC) have come together to offer a common module in their postgraduate programs that will offer students the opportunity to participate in the Malaspina Expedition to develop their postgraduate project

MALASPINA_LEG4 Cruise (29HE20110317) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2011, A circumnavigation oceanographic expedition to generate a high resolution inventory of global change impact on the ecosystem of the ocean, researching its biodiversity in the deep. 1) PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: The main objective of the Physical Oceanography block is to contribute to understanding the oceanic variability by determining the trends of the different properties of the main bodies of water in the oceans, such as temperature, salinity and oxygen concentration, thus will allow us to determine the variation of atmospheric conditions. 2) BIOCHEMISTRY: The MALASPINA 2010 expedition will study on an unprecedented scale the biogeochemical processes in the ocean on a global scale. It will be investigated where the elements that contribute to life near the surface come from, and what is the fate of the organic matter generated by photosynthesis . The breath of the sea will be measured: the exhalation of gases that conditions our atmosphere and climate. 3) ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION: The objectives of block : "organic pollutants and atmospheric deposition" focus on the measurements of the levels of several families of organic pollutants in the global ocean and atmosphere and the quantification of air-ocean flows and their impact on food chains planktonics (phytoplankton and zooplankton). In addition, a characterization and quantification of the flows of organic carbon, aerosols, nutrients and organic biogenic compounds, and the role they play in the ocean biogeochemical cycles will also be carried out. 4) OCEAN OPTICS: In the Malaspina expedition we are going to study the optics of the ocean that involves measuring mainly the color of water and its transparency to solar radiation. 5) BIODIVERSITY AND MICROBIAL PROCESSES: Our main objective is to investigate, to know, what microorganisms are found and how they are acting in the different oceans of the planet, placing special emphasis on the vast and practically unknown deep ocean. 6) ZOOPLANKTON: The objective of this thematic block is to assess the diversity and efficiency of the energy transfer of the ocean zooplankton community on a global scale. 7)PHYTOPLANKTON AND BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION: Quantify how solar radiation is transmitted through the water column. The behavior of the photosynthetically active light band, which includes visible light of wavelengths between 400 and 700, and of bands of light in the ultraviolet zone will be studied separately. Quantify the magnitude of the organic matter (in particulate and dissolved form) synthesized by the photosynthetic phytoplankton (the so-called primary production or PP), Quantify the carbon consumed by the respiration of the pelagic community, from the surface to the deepest levels of the water column) and compare it with the PP of the different areas visited, - Study the structure of sizes and the distribution by groups of the phytoplankton communities, Evaluate how phytoplankton growth rates vary in response to changes in PAR intensity, ultraviolet radiation and temperature, Estimate the losses due to cell death 8) POPULAR SCIENCE: The Malaspina project has among its objectives to inform society about the impact of global change on the ocean and new opportunities to explore marine biodiversity, increase social awareness of the original Malaspina expedition and encourage scientific vocations among young people 9) STUDENT TRAINING: The Malaspina 2010 project aims to promote scientific vocations among our young people by providing a highly visible activity that will combine aspects of frontier research with an adventure component and attractive teamwork as a training framework. Six universities (U. de Barcelona, ​​U. de Granada, U. de Oviedo, U. de Cádiz, U. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and U. Internacional Menéndez Pelayo and the CSIC) have come together to offer a common module in their postgraduate programs that will offer students the opportunity to participate in the Malaspina Expedition to develop their postgraduate project. PARTICIPANTS: IACT, CSIC-ICM, CSIC-IIM, CSIC-CID, CACYTMAR, IHM, ROA, IEO, UB, UCA, UGR, ULL, UMA, UO, UVIGO, UPV, ULPGC, UIPM

MALASPINA_LEG6 Cruise (29HE20110513) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2011, A circumnavigation oceanographic expedition to generate a high resolution inventory of global change impact on the ecosystem of the ocean, researching its biodiversity in the deep. 1) PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: The main objective of the Physical Oceanography block is to contribute to understanding the oceanic variability by determining the trends of the different properties of the main bodies of water in the oceans, such as temperature, salinity and oxygen concentration, thus will allow us to determine the variation of atmospheric conditions. 2) BIOCHEMISTRY: The MALASPINA 2010 expedition will study on an unprecedented scale the biogeochemical processes in the ocean on a global scale. It will be investigated where the elements that contribute to life near the surface come from, and what is the fate of the organic matter generated by photosynthesis . The breath of the sea will be measured: the exhalation of gases that conditions our atmosphere and climate. 3) ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION: The objectives of block : "organic pollutants and atmospheric deposition" focus on the measurements of the levels of several families of organic pollutants in the global ocean and atmosphere and the quantification of air-ocean flows and their impact on food chains planktonics (phytoplankton and zooplankton). In addition, a characterization and quantification of the flows of organic carbon, aerosols, nutrients and organic biogenic compounds, and the role they play in the ocean biogeochemical cycles will also be carried out. 4) OCEAN OPTICS: In the Malaspina expedition we are going to study the optics of the ocean that involves measuring mainly the color of water and its transparency to solar radiation. 5) BIODIVERSITY AND MICROBIAL PROCESSES: Our main objective is to investigate, to know, what microorganisms are found and how they are acting in the different oceans of the planet, placing special emphasis on the vast and practically unknown deep ocean. 6) ZOOPLANKTON: The objective of this thematic block is to assess the diversity and efficiency of the energy transfer of the ocean zooplankton community on a global scale. 7)PHYTOPLANKTON AND BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION: Quantify how solar radiation is transmitted through the water column. The behavior of the photosynthetically active light band, which includes visible light of wavelengths between 400 and 700, and of bands of light in the ultraviolet zone will be studied separately. Quantify the magnitude of the organic matter (in particulate and dissolved form) synthesized by the photosynthetic phytoplankton (the so-called primary production or PP), Quantify the carbon consumed by the respiration of the pelagic community, from the surface to the deepest levels of the water column) and compare it with the PP of the different areas visited, - Study the structure of sizes and the distribution by groups of the phytoplankton communities, Evaluate how phytoplankton growth rates vary in response to changes in PAR intensity, ultraviolet radiation and temperature, Estimate the losses due to cell death 8) POPULAR SCIENCE: The Malaspina project has among its objectives to inform society about the impact of global change on the ocean and new opportunities to explore marine biodiversity, increase social awareness of the original Malaspina expedition and encourage scientific vocations among young people 9) STUDENT TRAINING: The Malaspina 2010 project aims to promote scientific vocations among our young people by providing a highly visible activity that will combine aspects of frontier research with an adventure component and attractive teamwork as a training framework. Six universities (U. de Barcelona, ​​U. de Granada, U. de Oviedo, U. de Cádiz, U. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and U. Internacional Menéndez Pelayo and the CSIC) have come together to offer a common module in their postgraduate programs that will offer students the opportunity to participate in the Malaspina Expedition to develop their postgraduate project. PARTICIPANTS: IACT, CSIC-ICM, CSIC-IIM, CSIC-CID, CACYTMAR, IHM, ROA, IEO, UB, UCA, UGR, ULL, UMA, UO, UVIGO, UPV, ULPGC, UIPM

MALASPINA_LEG7 Cruise (29HE20110619) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2011, A circumnavigation oceanographic expedition to generate a high resolution inventory of global change impact on the ecosystem of the ocean, researching its biodiversity in the deep. 1) PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY: The main objective of the Physical Oceanography block is to contribute to understanding the oceanic variability by determining the trends of the different properties of the main bodies of water in the oceans, such as temperature, salinity and oxygen concentration, thus will allow us to determine the variation of atmospheric conditions. 2) BIOCHEMISTRY: The MALASPINA 2010 expedition will study on an unprecedented scale the biogeochemical processes in the ocean on a global scale. It will be investigated where the elements that contribute to life near the surface come from, and what is the fate of the organic matter generated by photosynthesis . The breath of the sea will be measured: the exhalation of gases that conditions our atmosphere and climate. 3) ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION: The objectives of block : "organic pollutants and atmospheric deposition" focus on the measurements of the levels of several families of organic pollutants in the global ocean and atmosphere and the quantification of air-ocean flows and their impact on food chains planktonics (phytoplankton and zooplankton). In addition, a characterization and quantification of the flows of organic carbon, aerosols, nutrients and organic biogenic compounds, and the role they play in the ocean biogeochemical cycles will also be carried out. 4) OCEAN OPTICS: In the Malaspina expedition we are going to study the optics of the ocean that involves measuring mainly the color of water and its transparency to solar radiation. 5) BIODIVERSITY AND MICROBIAL PROCESSES: Our main objective is to investigate, to know, what microorganisms are found and how they are acting in the different oceans of the planet, placing special emphasis on the vast and practically unknown deep ocean. 6) ZOOPLANKTON: The objective of this thematic block is to assess the diversity and efficiency of the energy transfer of the ocean zooplankton community on a global scale. 7) PHYTOPLANKTON AND BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION: Quantify how solar radiation is transmitted through the water column. The behavior of the photosynthetically active light band, which includes visible light of wavelengths between 400 and 700, and of bands of light in the ultraviolet zone will be studied separately. Quantify the magnitude of the organic matter (in particulate and dissolved form) synthesized by the photosynthetic phytoplankton (the so-called primary production or PP), Quantify the carbon consumed by the respiration of the pelagic community, from the surface to the deepest levels of the water column) and compare it with the PP of the different areas visited, - Study the structure of sizes and the distribution by groups of the phytoplankton communities, Evaluate how phytoplankton growth rates vary in response to changes in PAR intensity, ultraviolet radiation and temperature, Estimate the losses due to cell death 8) POPULAR SCIENCE: The Malaspina project has among its objectives to inform society about the impact of global change on the ocean and new opportunities to explore marine biodiversity, increase social awareness of the original Malaspina expedition and encourage scientific vocations among young people 9) STUDENT TRAINING: The Malaspina 2010 project aims to promote scientific vocations among our young people by providing a highly visible activity that will combine aspects of frontier research with an adventure component and attractive teamwork as a training framework. Six universities (U. de Barcelona, ​​U. de Granada, U. de Oviedo, U. de Cádiz, U. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and U. Internacional Menéndez Pelayo and the CSIC) have come together to offer a common module in their postgraduate programs that will offer students the opportunity to participate in the Malaspina Expedition to develop their postgraduate project

ZEE-2011 Cruise (29HE20110810) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2011, Canary Islands ZEE 2011 cruise, Plan for hydrographic and oceanographic Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone

CONSOLIDER-MALASPINA-2 Cruise (29SG20110127) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Expedition within the Malaspina project. The expedition will navigate through a section of the ocean that runs along the 24º North parallel. The objective is to collect samples that predict more about climate change. The team of researchers has traveled the 24º North parallel and has measured the temperature, salinity, oxygen, alkalinity and the PH of the ocean, among other parameters. This latitude has been chosen because the heat flow that transports the Atlantic Ocean to the north is maximum. "Any variation in heat transport has very important consequences on the climate of the European continent,"

GEOSTAR-2 Cruise (29SG20110530) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, Recovery of the GEOSTAR Observatory deployed in 2009

ANTROMARE-3 Cruise (29SG20110616) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2011, ANTROMARE will incides in the natural variability and in the main factors induced by human activities (impacts derived from global warming, impact of trawling, pollution) in the deep sea ecosystems of the Mediterranean, with the aim of determining the parameters that may be more important in the changes experienced in the ecosystem. The high environmental stability of these floors in comparison with the littoral zones, especially below the 1000 m depth where they are intended to work, make them an optimal scenario for the study of the human impact on diversity. Antromare proposes considering different spatio-temporal scales, depending on the nature of the impact to be followed. The present project will address several key problems in relation to the anthropogenic impact of the marine environment:1) long-term temporal variability in the Mediterranean deep sea communities, and their relationship with climatic and hydrographic factors; 2) the impact of trawling on diversity in a vulnerable habitat such as the isidella elongata facies, with implications for the knowledge and protection of a potential marine protected area; 3) the incidence of pollution on the health status of species and ecosystems (parasitism, pathologies), within which the effects of pollutants on the environment (case of biomarkers of pollution) at great depth and in fauna is especially important (the bentopelagic or suprabenths) that seems especially susceptible to this contamination in the trophic networks of great depth (based on the first results of the biomare project, in course by the same team of the present application). The aim is to identify the possible connections between contamination and biological responses (histological alterations, changes in diet and degree of parasitic infestation). that is, to influence the state of the ecosystems in relation to exposure to pollutants / activities of anthropogenic origin, without ignoring the dynamics of the communities themselves. To cover these objectives, a multidisciplinary approach is planned that will cover the following activities: 1) sampling of deep mega and macro fauna communities, after ca. 20 years, in the same area, with identical methods, as well as the monitoring of series of catches for some key deep sea species and oceanographic / climatological data; 2) determination of the natural variability of the physical parameters (temperature, salinity, particles in suspension, etc.) and trophic (labile organic matter, pigments) of the water column and sediment, with special emphasis on the water-sediment interface ; 3) determination of the presence of contaminants (pcbs, ddts, heavy metals) in sediments and / or organisms in the study areas; 4) evaluation of biomarkers of effect at the cellular and physiological level through cytohistological and parasitological studies of the populations; 5) determination of changes at the ecosystem level (diversity, specific wealth, etc.); and 6) construction of models (eg mlrs, glms, anovas) or application of multivariate techniques that allow to correlate / test among them all the indicators observed in the study habitats to establish which are the variables that explain or indicate with greater reliability the state of alteration / degradation of the medium