BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

GALILEO-IHM-2016 Cruise (29HE20160103) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2016, This cruise includes two projects: 1. Measurements of position and signal quality of the european Galileo GNSS Open Service. This is within a Galileo Pilot Project funded by the the MoD of Spain and executed by the Hydrographic Institute of the Navy. 2. Hydrographic (Cartographic) works for Navigation Chart production by Hydrographic Institute of the Navy. This includes bathymetric works in the areas of Southern Livingston Island and Deception Island

DISTANTCOM Cruise (29HE20160204) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2016, The main objective of the project is to understand the diversity and structure of Antarctic marine benthic communities. The ecological activity of marine natural products from Benthic organisms will be studied using chemical ecology experiments in situ. We will collect various marine invertebrates (stars, worms, snails, etc.) and we will study its behavior in the laboratory. We will try find out what chemical defenses they use to repel their predators or to keep clean, preventing organisms from adhering to their surface. These chemicals can also have an activity potentially useful biological in the form of medicines. For putting a example, the compound that prevents the cells of your enemy from spreading it could serve to prevent the development of cancer cells. We will try to learn more about how the animals of the Antarctic fund live: what trophic relationships do they have (who eats whom), what relationships symbiotics present (who lives with whom) or what pollutants accumulate (that they feel bad). We intend to know also their relations of kinship, trying to unveil the family tree of some species, and what factors have conditioned its current distribution. This is important also in relation to climate change. Sampling has been done with beam trawls and with divers

MIXTO Cruise (29HE20160306) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2016, The main objectives of this survey are: 1) Mapping sedimentary features resulting from the interaction of water bodies with gravitational features ( valleys and landslides ) from the upper slope 2) seismic analysis for the establishment of a model facies sedimentary 3) Determine the recent sedimentary processes. During the cruise, which in its data collection stage in the south of Buenos Aires completed 990 miles of navigation between 39 and 42 ° Lat. S, geomorphological and morphosedimentary features of the outer platform and slope at depths between 90 and 4000 meters were analyzed, sedimentary structures of the shallow subsoil (up to 100 m below the bottom) were analyzed, and recent processes related to the interaction between geological factors (transport of sediments, erosion-deposition processes on terraces and gravitational on slopes and underwater canyons) and oceanographic (interfaces between water masses, longitudinal currents to the margin and turbidity). The instruments used were: multi-beam echo sounder of shallow and deep water, parametric profiler TOPAS, 12 KHz echo sounder, biological echo sounder, XBT-XSV and Doppler ADCP

INCRISIS Cruise (29HE20160523) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2016, On January 25, 2016 there was an earthquake of magnitude Mw = 6.3 with epicenter in the Alboran Sea (35.6ºN, 3.81ºW), which caused material damage in Melilla and Moroccan cities; It was also felt in the southeast of Iberia. It is the main earthquake of the seismic crisis that continues today. Its focal mechanism and the distribution of replicas suggest the activity of an unknown fault of direction NNE-SSO of about 25 km in length, in the western part of the Dorsal de Alboran. This seismic activity seems to be in continuity with the earthquakes of Alhucemas of 1994 and 2004, and associated with the prolongation of a fault zone in the rifeña mountain range. The realization of this marine geology cruise is a unique opportunity to know the effects that the seismicity of these characteristics causes in the bottom and sub-fund of the Alboran Sea, such as displacements of the seabed, triggering of landslides and other risks associated with them ( eg, tsunamis) that would affect both Moroccan and Spanish coastal areas. The results of this campaign will be analyzed in detail during the development of a new research project (DAMAGE) requested to the MINECO call and will contribute to characterize the geological hazard of active faults in the Alboran Sea. The specific objectives of this cruise include: 1) Cartography and characterization of sedimentary and tectonic features and comparison with the previous data 2) Stratigraphic analysis, simian facies and deformation structures 3) Determination of sedimentary and tectonic processes triggered by the earthquake and the seismic crisis

ZEE-2016 Cruise (29HE20160527) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 2016, ZEE-2016 cruise : Bathimetry, magnetic field, gravimeter field of Balear Sea. The main objectives will be: - Systematic recognition of study areas with 100% coating, with multi-beam probe, using also single-beam probe, EA-600 and EK60, gravimetry, geomagnetism, sediment penetrator, and oceanographic parameters. The Multi-beam, single-beam and Bathymetry works will be priority, performing simultaneously geomagnetic, gravimetric and high resolution seismic and oceanographic works. Systematic data collection of: - XBT / XSV - Weather Station - Termosalynograph - Doppler

BOCATS Cruise (29SG20160617) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2016, Recent evaluations of the absorption of CO2 in the North Atlantic showed that the natural component of the carbon cycle had been affected by the variability of the thermohaline circulation (MOC). The first goal of the BOCATS project is to extend the time series of the MOC and the observation of the ventilation of the water masses for a better quantification of its effect on the variations in the carbon cycle in the North Atlantic over decades of time scales. The estimation of this variability is essential to evaluate future climate change scenarios. The second goal of BOCATS is to quantify the effect of the increase of atmospheric CO2 in the production and dissolution of CaCO3. The universally accepted hypothesis of the steady state CaCO3 cycle has been questioned due to the acidification observed in the deep waters of the North Atlantic and its negative potential impact on calcareous organisms. The objectives of the BOCATS project are addressed in two main activities: i) Maintain the decentralized circulation observation cycle and the carbon cycle with the ninth completion of the A25 hydrography / geochemistry section between Portugal and Greenland that began in 1997, ii The evaluation in the subpolar turn of the carbon cycle variability, separating the natural and anthropogenic components, including the organic matter, sediments and other biogenic elements. The main observational contribution of BOCATS was a cruise to be carried out in June and July 2016. The high-quality observations foreseen in the subpolar turn contributed to the early detection of the alteration of the carbon cycle and the precise speed of the storage rates of CO2 and acidification, relating these changes with the variability of the MOC

MEDWAVES Cruise (29SG20160921) carried out on the Research Vessel Sarmiento de Gamboa in 2016, MEDiterranean out flow WAter and Vulnerable EcosystemS (MEDWAVES). Background and Aims MEDWAVES: The Strait of Gibraltar (SG) and the surrounding areas, Gulf of Cadiz (GoC) in the Atlantic, and Alboran sea (AS) in the Mediterranean, are key areas to understand the distribution and connectivity of marine communities (Patarnello et al. 2007), as the SG and the encounter of water masses at the Almeria Oran front represent an oceanographic transition area, connecting the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea (Lacombe & Richez 1982). The Mediterranean water flows out from Gibraltar (MOW), extends towards the East of the Atlantic, building a warm and salty water mass which propagates in North West direction from Portugal originating the “Mediterranean Water“ (MW) in the Atlantic. This warm and salty water mass becomes characteristic of the North Atlantic in mid waters (around 1100 m) (Candela 2001). The occurrence of cold-water coral (CWC) communities in the NE Atlantic has been related to the pathway of the MOW, whereby this current system would have an historical influence on the migration of coral larvae and (re)colonization of the Atlantic in the post-glacial era (De Mol et al. 2005, Henry et al. 2014). The MEDWAVES (MEDiterranean out flow WAter and Vulnerable EcosystemS) cruise target areas under the potential influence of the MOW within the Mediterranean and Atlantic realms. These include seamounts where CWC have been reported but that are still poorly known, and which may act as essential “stepping stones” connecting fauna of seamounts in the Mediterranean with those of the continental shelf of Portugal, the Azores and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. During MEDWAVES sampling will be conducted through two of the case studies of ATLAS: Case study 7 (Gulf of Cadiz-Strait of Gibraltar-Alboran Sea) and Case study 8 (Azores). The main goals of the cruise are: (1) to characterize physically and biogeochemically the MOW Path and understand its interaction with the general Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) stream, from the Alboran Sea to the Azores, through the Gulf of Cadiz, and the Ormonde Seamount (see map), exploring the relationship between the oceanographic settings of these target areas and the ecosystems therein (ATLAS WP1 and WP3) and (2) to characterize communities associated to the transition area, and sample for population genetic analysis aiming at understanding the way the populations located in the target areas contribute or have contributed to connectivity between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean (ATLAS WP3 and WP4). Results gathered during the cruise will also contribute later to feed other ATLAS WPs. The activities planned to achieve these aims are presented in the brief description of the work program of the different research teams participating in ATLAS (Work program of the research teams)

UNIBARNA-1 Cruise (29GD20160120) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 2016, Training of students of the master of "Oceanography and managment of the marine environment "from Barcelona University in the acquisition of oceanographic data

UNIBARNA-2 Cruise (29GD20160202) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 2016, Training of students of the master of "Oceanography and managment of the marine environment "from Barcelona University in the acquisition of oceanographic data

DEEPVISION-1 Cruise (29GD20160402) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 2016, Science,technology ,and society initiative to minimize unwanted catches in european fisheries.The project’s overall objective is to minimise unwanted catches by incentivising the adoption of fishing technologies and practices that reduce pre-harvest mortality and post-harvest discards, while avoiding damage to sensitive marine species and habitats. Experimental fishing will be carried out with the Deep Vision system installed in a fishing gear. The sampling stations are in fishing grounds commercial area of the province of Girona, between Blanes and Palamós. The fishing carried out at different depths between 50 and 600 m approximately, with stations located in the 5 depths In each depth will be carried out a minimum of two tests. It is intended to identify non-target species, size species non-legal and benthic organisms of discarding.The epibenthic community will be sampled with an experimental benthic dredger "2m beam-trawl ", with a rigid opening of 2mx40cm, and a mesh of 1cm for retain the macrofauna. There will be 5-7 catchs 15 ' duration distributed in radials based on the sampling stations with the experimental network. The fishing will standardize a surface unit dragged. The benthic dredger is planned for a depth sensor, Scamnar type, to ensure its positioning in the background. In each sampling station, CTD profiles will be made to characterize the hydrographic situation. Samples of sediment and macroinfauna will be obtained for characterize the habitat the infauna community with a Van Veen dredge (0.1m 2), obtaining 3 dredges in each station. In each station the 10 cm of surface of the sediment column will be sampled .In the shallowest sampling areas (<100m) transects of 30 minutes with an ROV (SPY type) to obtain real-time images of the background. This methodology allows to complement the information of the samples withnon-intrusive samplings for benthic habitats