BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

BENTART-95 Cruise (29HE19950112) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Study benthic fauna and flora of Livingston Island & Study of bioactive substances of algae and Antarctic marine invertebrates (BENTART). Objectives 1) Preparation of the catalog of the species of macrobenthos, meiobenthos and demersal fish of the hard and mobile bottoms of the south zone of Livingston Island, by means of the taxonomic determination of all the species. 2) Expansion of knowledge about the geographic, bathymetric and horizonatal distribution of the various species studied and the subsequent geographical analysis. 3) Study of the most important environmental parameters (physico-chemical) in the water column (depth, temperature, salinity, turbidity, chlorophyll, speed and direction of the currents) and sediment (granulometry, content in, organic matter and carbonates ), which may affect the distribution and abundance of Antarctic benthic communities. 4) Characterization of the benthonic populations, with estimates of abundance, biomass and biovolumes of the main taxonomic groups, from the data obtained in the sampling stations and the treatment of the video and underwater photography images. 5) Typification of the communities, structural analysis of the same and bionomic cartography. 6) Study of fish-benthic trophic relationships, by analyzing the stomach contents of the former, with special attention to the role of suprabenths. The last objective will be the development of a trophic scheme that allows us to ascertain the transfer of energy transferred from the invertebrate benthos to the fish. 7) Phylogenetic and ecophysiological studies in macroalgae. 8) Genetic studies of benthic animals to know the genetic variability of different populations, their comparison with other species and possible resolution of taxonomic problems. 9) Evaluation of the survival of marine invertebrates captured by trawling or dredging methods and estimation of the impact caused by such gear on Antarctic bottoms. 10) Study of bioactive substances of algae and marine invertebrates. 11) Study of chemical pollution (heavy metals, pesticides) in sediments and Antarctic marine organisms (fish, sponge, etc ...) 12) Assembling of documentaries and audiovisuals, both scientific and informative, based on photographic material and filming Submarine and superficial video. 13) Expansion of the collections of Antarctic benthic invertebrates, initiated at the Museum of Natural Sciences of Madrid. 14) Enlargement of the photographic archive on presently existing Antarctic benthos

DRAKE-95 Cruise (29HE19950210) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, The DRAKE 95 campaign is part of the activities of the WOCE CORE PROJECT. The general purpose of the project is to quantify the contribution of the Southern Ocean to the planetary climate, and its specific objectives are three: - To determine the transport of the Circumpolar Antarctic Current (ACC) and its dynamic balance. - Quantify the southern transports through the Southern Ocean and between it and the adjacent ocean basins. - Evaluate the atmosphere-ocean flows in the area of ​​the Southern Ocean

LATITUD-I Cruise (29HE19950305) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Latitudinal patterns in the regulation of ocean plankton production. The main objective of the project is to verify the hypothesis that the metabolic and photon balances of the oceanic photic layer vary systematically with latitude. Subobjectives: 1) Development and validation of predictive models that allow us to model the relationship between respiration, net production, and light absorption properties of the planktonic community and its primary production, and describe its latitudinal variation. 2) Development and validation of bio-optic models that describe the relationship between the color of the ocean and respiration and new production of the planktonic community. 3) elucidation of the importance of the availability of resources (nutrients, carbon, light) versus consumption (herbivorism) in the regulation of planktonic production along a gradient of latitude, with the variation in the associated production

TEIDE-95 Cruise (29HE19950415) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Study morphotectonic submarine flank of Teide. Among the specific objectives of this Project are the knowledge of the morphology of the seabed, the seismic characterization and quantification of pyroclastic materials and understanding of the origin and evolution of the Orotova, Icod and Güimar valleys. For the resolution of the previous objectives, a set of geophysical techniques has been applied among which are included: Magnetometry, Gravimetry, seismic reflection and multibeam echosounders

BIG-95 Cruise (29HE19950515) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Characterisation of the recent BIG'95 debris flow deposit on the Ebro margin

VARIMED-95 Cruise (29HE19950602) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Mediterranean pelagic ecosystem study: analysis of plankton dynamics. The main objectives are the study of the temporal variability of high frequency (hours) and medium (days, weeks) of the physical and biological phenomena that determine the transfer of matter and energy in the pelagic system (classic trophic networks, based on phytoplankton < herbivore zooplankton < fishes, or microbial networks, based on Phytoplankton < bacteria < flagellates and ciliates< zooplankton < fish. Several in situ experiments have been conducted

ZEE-1995 Cruise (29HE19950703) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Spanish Exclusive Economic Zone cruise 1995. "Hydrographic-Oceanographic Research Plan of the Exclusive Economic Zone"

LATITUD-II Cruise (29HE19951001) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Latitudinal patterns in regulation of the oceanic plankton production. Oceanographic campaign taking advantage in transit from BIO Hesperides to Antarctica, Mainly experiments have been conducted in the radioactive laboratory

MAYC-95 Cruise (29HE19951004) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Continental margin and deep basins: sedimentary record variable. During the campaign of October 1995 two types of scientific activities have been carried out: 1) Physical oceanography studies in transit between Cartagena and Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: 10 CTD stations up to 1000 m and 70 XBT stations up to 800 m. Continuous measurements with thermosalinograph and currents with ADCP. The salinity of the samples was calculated with the autosal. 2) Studies of marine geology on the continental margin of Agadir and the Agadir basin (Morocco): 13 seismic profiles of air cannons and TOPAS system, 3 EM-2 echosounder profiles, 13 gravimetric and magnetometric profiles. The different techniques used have allowed the morphological and seismic recognition of the system formed by the continental margin of Agadir and the Agadir Basin in order to quantify the transfer of sediments from the mainland to the Agadir Basin and to establish the chronology of the important events sedimentary

FRUELA-95 Cruise (29HE19951203) carried out on the Research Vessel Hespérides in 1995, Carbon flow high productivity area: the western basin of the Bransfield Strait and Gerlache Strait, Antarctica. The FRUELA project is a Spanish contribution to the JGOFS program and its main objective is the cauntering of carbon fluxes in an area of ​​high productivity of the Antarctic Ocean. Concrete goals. A) The determination of the abundances of the main groups of organisms (bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, etc ...) involved in the transfer of organic matter and the concentrations of the main chemical compounds involved. B) the estimation of 1) the amounts of organic matter synthesized by phytoplankton (primary production) and transferred against the various groups of organisms. 2) the amount of organic matter breathed and 3) the amount of organic matter that escapes from the upper parts of the water column and sediments to the bottom