BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Repository containing derived data for the manuscript 'Global collision-risk hotspots of marine traffic and the world's largest fish, the whale shark'., Peer reviewed

Predicted genes corresponding to the four most common enzymes present in photosynthetic organisms: NADH:ubiquinone reductase (H+-translocating), N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase, DNA-directed RNA polymerase and non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase of 174 metagenomes sequenced during the Malaspina 2010 global expedition., Peer reviewed

The dataset is comprised of: downwelling diffuse attenuation coefficients, Z10%, aCDOM and ap., Peer reviewed

The dataset is comprised of: downwelling diffuse attenuation coefficients, Z10%, aCDOM and ap, Peer reviewed

Contents of this file: Figures S1 to S8 and Table S1. -- Figure S1. CDOM absorption coefficients (aCDOM, in m-1) at UV-B wavelengths 305 nm (top panel), 313 nm (middle panel), and 320 nm (bottom panel) measured during the Malaspina 2010 Expedition. Reported values are depth-weighted averages from surface waters (3 m depth) down to the 20% PAR depth. -- Figure S2. Results of the Dunn’s tests, that were performed after Kruskal-Wallis tests to identify if aCDOM (top row), ap (middle row) and ap as % of anw (bottom row) at 305 nm (left column), 313 nm (middle column) and 320 nm (right column) varied significantly (p<0.05) between Longhurst provinces during the Malaspina 2010 Expedition. For a description of the Longhurst province codes, see Fig. 1. -- Figure S3. Particulate absorption coefficients (ap, in m-1) at UV-B wavelengths 305 nm (top panel), 313 nm (middle panel), and 320 nm (bottom panel) measured during the Malaspina Expedition. Reported values are depth-weighted averages from surface waters (3 m depth) down to the 20% PAR depth. -- Figure S4. Downwelling diffuse attenuation coefficients (Kd, in m-1) for the UV-B wavelengths 305 nm (top panel), 313 nm (middle panel), and 320 nm (bottom panel) measured during the Malaspina 2010 Circumnavigation. -- Figure S5. Downwelling diffuse attenuation coefficients (Kd, in m-1) for the UV-A wavelengths 340 nm (top panel), 380 nm (middle panel), and 395 nm (bottom panel) measured during the Malaspina 2010 Expedition. -- Figure S6. Downwelling diffuse attenuation coefficients (Kd, in m-1) for the integrated PAR spectrum (400–700 nm) measured during the Malaspina 2010 Expedition. -- Figure S7. Results of the Dunn’s tests, that were performed after Kruskal-Wallis tests to identify if the downwelling diffuse attenuation coefficient (Kd) at 305, 313, 320, 340 nm varied significantly (p <0.05) between Longhurst provinces during the Malaspina 2010 Expedition. For a description of the Longhurst provinces code, see Fig. 1. -- Figure S8. Seasonal comparison between cloud fractions in the northern and southern tropics (15.5N to 15.5S) in year 2010. Bars represent monthly averages (mean  SD) of 1 x 1 sector squares between 179.5W and 179.5E (n=5760 per bar). Data were obtained from the publicly available Aqua/MODIS satellite data set curated by NASA’s Earth Observatory (https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/global-maps/MODAL2_M_CLD_FR). WIN, SPR, SUM and AUT refer to winter, spring, summer and autumn, respectively. WIN1 represents December for the northern latitudes and June for the southern latitudes. Asterisks indicate instances where the non-paired t-test identified significantly different means at level p <0.01. -- Table S1. Slope, correlation, 95% confidence intervals and p-values determined as part of the pairwise correlation analysis with the variables sea surface temperature, Chl-a and Kd(PAR), as well as aCDOM, ap and Kd(λ) at wavelengths 305, 313 and 320 nm. For Chl-a, aCDOM and ap, depth-weighted (3 m to 20% PAR depth) average values were used for the analysis., Peer reviewed

6 pages. -- Supplementary Figure 1. Current mean maximum summer temperature (average 𝑇!"# """""" for the period 1980-2005) across potential seagrass distribution. -- Supplementary Figure 2. Difference between current mean maximum summer temperature ( 𝑇!"# """""" ) and the Tlimit as a function of latitude. Negative and positive latitude values for southern and northern hemispheres, respectively. -- Supplementary Figure 3. Uncertainty associated to the time (in years) for mean maximum summer temperature to reach seagrass upper thermal limit (Tlim) at the warming rates projected under the RCP8.5 scenario around potential seagrass sites. -- Supplementary Figure 4. Time (in years) for mean maximum summer temperature to reach the upper thermal limits (Tlim) of temperate and tropical affinity seagrass flora at the warming rates projected under the RCP8.5 scenario around potential seagrass sites in the Mediterranean Sea and Queensland (Australia) coastal areas. -- Supplementary Figure 5. The time (in years) to reach Tlimit at the warming rates predicted under the RCP4.5 scenario around potential seagrass sites. -- Supplementary Figure 6. Time (in years) for mean maximum summer temperature to reach the upper thermal limits (Tlim) of temperate and tropical affinity seagrass flora at the warming rates projected under the RCP4.5 scenario around potential seagrass sites in the Mediterranean Sea and Queensland (Australia) coastal areas., Seagrasses have experienced major losses globally mostly attributed to human impacts. Recently they are also associated with marine heat waves. The paucity of information on seagrass mortality thermal thresholds prevents the assessment of the risk of seagrass loss under marine heat waves. We conducted a synthesis of reported empirically- or experimentally-determined seagrass upper thermal limits (Tlimit) and tested the hypothesis that they increase with increasing local annual temperature. We found that Tlimit increases 0.42± 0.07°C per°C increase in in situ annual temperature (R2 = 0.52). By combining modelled seagrass Tlimit across global coastal areas with current and projected thermal regimes derived from an ocean reanalysis and global climate models (GCMs), we assessed the proximity of extant seagrass meadows to their Tlimit and the time required for Tlimit to be met under high (RCP8.5) and moderate (RCP4.5) emission scenarios of greenhouse gases. Seagrass meadows worldwide showed a modal difference of 5°C between present Tmax and seagrass Tlimit. This difference was lower than 3°C at the southern Red Sea, the Arabian Gulf, the Gulf of Mexico, revealing these are the areas most in risk of warming-derived seagrass die-off, and up to 24°C at high latitude regions. Seagrasses could meet their Tlimit regularly in summer within 50-60 years or 100 years under, respectively, RCP8.5 or RCP4.5 scenarios for the areas most at risk, to more than 200 years for the Arctic under both scenarios. This study shows that implementation of the goals under the Paris Agreement would safeguard much of global seagrass from heat-derived mass mortality and identifies regions where actions to remove local anthropogenic stresses would be particularly relevant to meet the Target 10 of the Aichi Targets of the Convention of the Biological Diversity., Peer reviewed

13 pages. -- The PDF file includes: Supporting text. -- Figs. S1 to S1. -- Legends for Movies S1 to S4., Self_organized_appendix.pdf, pnas.2216024120.sm01.mp4, pnas.2216024120.sm02.mp4, pnas.2216024120.sm03.mp4, pnas.2216024120.sm04.mp4, Peer reviewed

PEP-87 Cruise (29GD19870523) carried out on the Research Vessel García del Cid in 1987., The PEP-87 campaign studies deep summer production.

Oceanographic data acquired during the RADMED-ESMARES-0521 Cruise (29GD20210514) on board the Research Vessel García del Cid in 2021., The general objective of the RADMED-ESMARES project is the multidisciplinary monitoring of the shelf and continental slope waters of the Spanish Mediterranean, including both the peninsular coast and the Balearic Islands. The area to be covered is very wide, so in order to optimize the available means, 17 sections are carried out covering the shelf and slope at strategic points of the coast, as well as others in the area of the channels of the Balearic Islands and the Gulf of Valencia where the transports through these determine to a great extent the regional hydrodynamics and affect the general circulation of the MEDOC. The variables to be monitored are physical, chemical and biological variables, aiming to study the hydrographic conditions, planktonic communities, seasonal cycles of these variables and their interannual variability. This monitoring allows us to implement our data banks, generate time series, establish ocean climatologies, study oscillations, trends, anomalies and their relationship with global warming and climate change.

Oceanographic data acquired during the MIAU-DCM Cruise (29GD20210601) on board the Research Vessel García del Cid in 2021., The MIAU-DCM campaign will study the biological characteristics of the deep chlorophyll maximum in the Northwest Mediterranean. To do this, the first 150-200 meters of the water column will be sampled with CTD along a transect between the towns of Blanes and a point near Cape Formentor, and from the continental shelf (depth 40-50 meters). Once the depth of the DCM has been defined, and its variability along the transect, the stations in which biological sampling will be carried out will be defined, which will consist of taking samples from approximately 100 m and the surface. In addition, station D (in the middle of the basin) will be characterized up to 2500 meters.