BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

This live data set reports gross primary production (GPP), community respiration (CR) and net community production (NCP) of oceanic plankton communities. The methods used to measure GPP, CR, and NCP varied; these include oxygen evolution in dark-light bottles (Carpenter 1965; Carrit and Carpenter 1966),tracer additions (14C additions, SteemanNielsen 1952, and 18O-labeled H2O, Bender etal. 1987), incubation-free methods, including analyses of triple oxygen isotopes (Luz etal. 2000), O2:Ar ratios (Emerson 1987; Spitzer and Jenkins 1989; Emerson et al. 1993),non-intrusivebio-optical (OPT) methods (Claustre et al. 2008), fast repetition rate fluorometry (FRRF, Kolber and Falkowski 1993), and oxygen sensors mounted on gliders (Tengberg et al. 2006; Nicholson et al. 2008) and buoys (Boutin and Merlivat2009). Characteristics of each method are discussed by Robinson and Williams (2005)and Duarte et al.(2013). The article Global patterns in oceanic planktonic metabolism by Regaudie de Gioux, A. and Duarte, C.M. is currently in press to be published in Limnology and Oceanography in 2013. This dataset is subject to a Creative Commons License Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported., This data set includes recently published data and our own unpublished data on plankton community metabolism using both incubation and incubation-free techniques from 92 individual reports published between 1981 and 2011, from stations across the open ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea., Peer reviewed

The data shown in this table were compiled from the literature by conducting a Boolean search in Google Scholar using the word combinations “seagrass accretion rate” “mangrove accretion rate” and “salt marshes accretion rate”.From each study, the geographic area where the data were obtained, the sediment accretion and/or soil elevation rates, the method used and the source are reported in the table. For the method used, a broad explanation of the RSET (Rod Surface Elevation Table) and the MH (marker horizon) techniques is presented in Cahoon et al. (2006). This compilation is a contribution to the CSIRO Costal Carbon Cluster project. The methodology used is widely explained at: Cahoon, Donald R., Philippe F. Hensel, Tom Spencer, Denise J. Reed, Karen L. McKee, and Neil Saintilan. "Coastal wetland vulnerability to relative sea-level rise: wetland elevation trends and process controls." In Wetlands and natural resource management, pp. 271-292. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006., These data include representative values of accretion and elevation rates in vegetated coastal habitats around the world. The values presented correspond to the accretion rates reported by different studies in different areas. In the cases where, in a same study, two different values were reported for the same system (e.g. upper vs. lower marsh)an average value is reported in this table. Attached goes a list of references. Under a license CreativeCommons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported., Peer reviewed

This data set reports dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from estuarine and coastal waters, including the geographical position (latitude and longitude) and salinity for each data point when provided in the papers. This dataset is subject to a Creative Commons License Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported., This data set includes published and unpublished data of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in 3510 individual estimates in coastal waters worldwide published between 1991 and 2012., Peer reviewed

Methodology: We compiled available data published in peer-review articles and grey literature reports until year 2009 as well as our own unpublished data. We searched for data with the engine ISI web of Knowledge, using the keywords Posidonia oceanica AND (regression OR decline OR progression OR recovery OR status OR cartography OR limits OR cover OR density OR biomass OR dynamics), and conducting a back search of cited papers. More information about the methodology to be found at: Calleja, M.L., N. Marbà, C.M. Duarte (2007). The relationship between seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) decline and sulfide porewater concentration in carbonate sediments. Estuarine coastal and shelf science 73: 583-588; Waycott M, CM. Duarte, T.J. B. Carruthers, R.J. Orth, W.C. Dennison, S. Olyarnik, A. Calladine, J.W. Fourqurean, K.L. Heck, Jr, A.R.ll Hughes, G A. Kendrick, W. J Kenworthy, F T. Short, S L. Williams (2009). Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 106: 12377–12381; Moreno, D., P. A. Aguilera, H. Castro (2001). Assessment of the conservation status of seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) meadows: implications for monitoring strategy and the decision-making process. Biological Conservation 102: 325-332., Content and values displayed: The data set includes general information of the study conducted: the year or period of years of the study, site, country, water depth; and of the seagrass meadow investigated: extent, depth of deep and shallow limit, cover, shoot density, meadow status -decline, expansion, steady-state-, rate of change, Index of Conservation, Moreno et al. 2001) and types of coastal pressures present. The data set includes qualitative and quantitative data, since it contains studies where changes in seagrass meadow extension, cover and /or density are identified from expert judgement as well as studies that quantified the magnitude and rates of the changes reported. The absolute and relative rates of change of seagrass extent, meadow depth limits, cover and shoot density are calculated as described in Marbà et al (submitted). The meadows are categorized as declining (final area < 90% of initial area, net % cover abosolute change < -10, or µ density < -5% yr-1), increasing (final area >110% of initial area, net cover change > 10 % yr-1, or µ density > 5% yr-1) or without detectable change (final area within <90 % of initial area, -10 % yr-1 < net cover change < 10 % yr-1, or -5 % yr-1 < µ density < 5 % yr-1) following Waycott et al (2009) for area and Calleja et al (2007) for density criteria., Access and reuse: This dataset is subject to a Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional License., This dataset compiles qualitative and quantitative information on the stability (i.e. decline, steady state, expansion) of the seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) in the Mediterranean Sea between years 1842 and 2009. Data on meadow extent, shallow and depth limits, cover and shoot density as well as rates of change for the study period are provided. A ReadMe file, the full list of references and explanation of dataset values are attached., SESAME Southern European Seas: Assessing and Modelling Ecosystem changes(EU, Project no: 036949, Integrated Project of the Thematic Priority: 6.3 Global Change and Ecosystems). Lenght: November 1, 2006-December 1, 2011., OPERAS (EU, Project no: 308393, Collaborative Project of Theme ENV.2012.6.2-1)., EstresX, Sinergia y antagonismo entre múltiples estreses en ecosistemas marinos Mediterráneos (Ministerio de Economía y Competividad, ref. CTM2012-32603). Lenght: January 1, 2013-December 31, 2015., Peer reviewed

Human evolution, Red ochre, Shells, Data set on the joint use of shells and red ochre by humans. Reports of the joint use of red ochre and shells by humans are rapidly growing in number, including reports for both modern humans and Nearderthals. Existing records track the reconstructed dispersal of modern humans including findings of the joint use of red ochre and shells in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, and America ranging from paleorecords starting in 250 ka to present. Numbers show, for paleoanthropological evidence, the dates in ka, when reported. When multiple reports were available for a given region the oldest one is shown. See Duarte (2014) for additional details. The database is subject to a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike International licence 4.0., No

A file attached provides additional information on the methodology used. This database is subject to a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike International licence 4.0., The data set includes published data for volumetric estimates of primary production of natural marine plankton communities produced using at least two different methods applied concurrently. Here, we present and compare the following methods: the oxygen evolution in dark and light incubations (Carpenter 1965; Carrit and Carpenter 1966), the FRRF method (Kolber and Falkowski 1993) and methods based in tracer additions (18O (Bender et al. 1987), 14C (Steeman Nielsen 1952) and 13C (Slawyk et al. 1977))., Peer reviewed

In March 2012 we collected 3-replicated sediment cores (9 cm diameter and 12-15 cm long) per restored site along the planting chronosequence (i.e. years 1994, 1997, 2003, 2004, 2006). Similarly, we collected 3 sediment cores in two bare sites, previously colonized by seagrasses, and in a large seagrass patch that survived the disturbances in the second half of the 20th Century that we considered a mature and thus reference meadow. We measured sediment bulk density and organic matter content and carbon stocks along all sediment cores sliced at 1 cm interval. Organic carbon content (% Corg) was estimated from loss of ignition (% LOI) at 550ºC for 5 h using the empirically fitted equation for Oyster Harbour sediments,Log % Corg = -0.62 + (1.33 * Log % LOI) SEintercept = 0.01, SEslope =0.10, N = 55, R2 = 0.77, P<0.0001 We analyzed the ƌ3C of the organic carbon in the top 3 cm sediment layer (ƌ13Csediment) along the chronosequence to estimate the fraction of seagrass (X) and sestonic (1-X) deposition as ƌ13Csediment = [X . Log % Corg = -0.62 + (1.33 * Log % LOI) SEintercept = 0.01, SEslope =0.10, N = 55, R2 = 0.77, P<0.0001 We analyzed the ƌ3C of the organic carbon in the top 3 cm sediment layer (ƌ13Csediment) along the chronosequence to estimate the fraction of seagrass (X) and sestonic (1-X) deposition as ƌ13Csediment = [X . ƌ13Cseagrass] + [(1-X) . ƌ13Cseston] being ƌ13Cseagrass -9.65 ‰ and ƌ13Cseston -22 ‰ (Dauby 1989)., Access and reuse: This dataset is subject to a Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional License., This dataset contains the values of ƌ13C, concentration and density of organic carbon measured along sediment cores collected where seagrasses (Posidonia australis) where lost, in re-vegetated plots and the continuously vegetated meadow at Oyster Harbor., Financial acknowledgements: CSIRO-Carbon Cluster (Australia); Australian ARC Linkage projects (LP100200429, LP1301000155); Opera (EU FP7, Project No. 308393); MEDEICG (CTM2009-07013); EstresX (CTM2012-32603). Mobility grant of CSIC (PA1003258) to Núria Marbà; Gledden Visiting Fellowship of the Institute of Advanced Studies (UWA) to Núria Marbà; Gledden Visiting Fellowship of the Institute of Advanced Studies (UWA) to Pere Masqué; IM by a PhD fellowship by the Government of the Balearic Islands; PM by ICREA Academia Generalitat de Catalunya (2014 SGR – 1356); PhD grant by the Govern of the Balearic Islands; PhD grant by Obra Social “la Caixa”., Peer reviewed

Open access. Please, contact corresponding author in case of doubts, Description: The Malaspina2010_chlorophyll.xlsx file contains the fluorimetric chlorophyll a data of the circunnavigation expedition Malaspina 2010, which took place between 14/12/2010 and 14/07/2011 on board the BIO Hespérides. The data presented here were obtained between 16/12/2010 and 11/07/2011. The date and position of the sampling stations are listed in the third sheet of the file. Methods: Water samples for fluorimetric chlorophyll a (Chl a) determination were collected from 3 m depth with a 30-liter Niskin bottle and from selected depths between 10 and 200 m with a Rosette of 24 10-liter Niskin bottles attached to a CTD probe. Chl a determination was carried out as described in Estrada et al. (2012). Briefly, between 200 and 500 cm3 of seawater were filtered through GF/F glass fiber filters that were subsequently frozen at -20°C and, after a minimum of 6 hours, introduced in vials with acetone 90% and left for 24 hours in the dark, at 4ºC. The Chl a concentration in the acetonic extracts was measured with a Turner Designs fluorimeter calibrated with a pure Chl a standard (Sigma-Aldrich); no phaeopigment correction was applied. Size-fractionated analyses of Chl a were performed for samples from surface, the 20% surface PAR and the deep chlorophyll maximum. The analyses were carried out by sequential filtration of a 500 cm3 of seawater through Poretics (polycarbonate) membrane filters of pore sizes 20 μm, 2 μm and 0.2 μm, which were subsequently treated as the GF/F ones (Estrada, 2012), This work was supported by Consolider-Ingenio 2010, CSD2008-00077 of the former Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (ES) (now www.ciencia.gob.es) and the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) (ES), Authors; Methods; Station positions; leg 1; leg 2; Legs 3-4; leg 5; leg 6; leg 7; References, Peer reviewed

Description: The Malaspina2010_chlorophyll.xlsx file contains the inorganic nutrient concentration data of the circunnavigation expedition Malaspina 2010, which took place between 14/12/2010 and 14/07/2011 on board the BIO Hespérides. The date and position of the sampling stations are listed in the “Data” sheet of the file. Methods: Water samples for measurement of the concentration of nitrate, nitrite (nitrate + nitrite in leg 1), phosphate and silicate were collected from 3 m depth with a 30-liter Niskin bottle and from selected depths between 10 and 200 m with a Rosette of 24 10-liter Niskin bottles attached to a CTD probe. Inorganic nutrient concentrations were determined by means of a Skalar autoanalyzer, following the standard spectrophotometric procedures described in Grasshoff et al. (1999) and Blasco et al. (2012); in leg 1, nitrite was not determined separately and phosphate was measured using a manual method (Vidal et al. 2012), This work was supported by Consolider-Ingenio 2010, CSD2008-00077 of the former Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (ES) (now www.ciencia.gob.es) and the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) (ES), Peer reviewed

Abundance table, auxiliary data, phylogeny and code for the particle-attached and free-living prokaryotes detected in 30 globally distributed stations from the Malaspina 2010 Expedition. Corresponds to 16SrDNA amplicons Illumina-based sequencing., Peer reviewed