Resultados de investigación

This work was supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council funded Seabed Mining and Resilience to Experimental impact (SMARTEX) project (grant reference NE/T003537/1). Novel methods for distance- decay analyses used in this study were developed through grant no. PID2020-112935GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 to A.B. and C.G.R. D.J.A. received funding from UC Santa Barbara's Benioff Ocean Science Laboratory. J.M.D. was funded by UK Natural Environment Research Council's Climate Linked Atlantic Sector Science project (NE-R015953/1) and AtlantiS project (NE/Y005589/1). A.M.S. was funded by la Caixa Foundation (Fellowship Code LCF/BQ/DI21/11860043). [...] With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), Peer reviewed

D.G.G. acknowledges the funding of Margarita Salas 2021–2023 postdoctoral Fellowship program (Ministerio de Universidades). CL gratefully acknowledges the financial support by ICREA under the ICREA Academia program. D.G.G., N.V., A.G., C.L. & Y.Z. are part of the Marine Conservation research group –MedRecover (2021 SGR 01073) from the ‘Generalitat de Catalunya’. JSM acknowledges funding from the National Science Foundation (1948946), With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), The OctocoralTraits_v2_2 ZIP file contains structured data and code to create all figures from the manuscript: “The Octocoral Trait Database: a global database of trait information for octocoral species”. The folder also contains the code used to validate the data descriptor. Specifically, the folder contains the following files: · Code.R – This is the annotated code used to create all figures in R. (v R studio; 2023.06.0+421) · OctocoralTraits_v2_2.csv – This is the first data realase of the octocoral trait database, used to create all figures of the manuscript. · sp_id.csv – This is a file containing the list of accepted octocoral species contained in the database · iqtree.tre – This is a tree object used to create a family-resolved tree of octocorals. It has been downloaded from McFadden et al. 2022. Revisionary systematics of Octocorallia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) guided by phylogenomics · MEOW folder – A folder containing regional information from Spalding et al. 2007. Marine Ecoregions of the World: A Bioregionalization of Coastal and Shelf Areas · Provinces_coord.csv: A file containing the coordinates of marine provinces, also derived from Spalding et al. 2007 · Table_ids folder - A folder containing tables with information of the corresponding ids that appear in the file database. · Validation folder: A folder containing a Technical_validation.R file that was used to flag outliers and extreme outliers, duplicated rows and potential structural errors in the data (e.g., a given observation_id linked to more than one resource, species or location), Peer reviewed

The data we provide here have been assembled to categorise fish into feeding guilds and determine change in populations of fish with different feeding traits relevant to food web status assessment advocated by OSPAR. We provide four datasets: the first is a csv file titled ‘stomach data observations’ contains observations from fish stomach contents of individual prey weight, prey functional group (i.e., zooplankton, benthos, fish, nekton and other), predator taxonomy, predator size, and the region and year the samples were collected (Table 1; see Columnheadersreadme.txt); the second is a csv file titled ‘modelled stomach data’ provides predictions from a linear mixed effects model of individual prey weight based on those stomach contents observations, alongside modelled estimates of prey counts and biomass which enable the full collation of stomach contents information to be used in our feeding guild classification (Table 2; feeding guilds are predatory categories assigned using cluster analysis on stomach content data; see Thompson et al., 2023); the third dataset is a shapefile titled ‘feeding guild responses in survey data’ and provides haul-level estimates of feeding guild species richness, numbers of fish and their biomass based on scientific trawl surveys from the Northeast Atlantic (Tables 3-4); the fourth is a shapefile titled ‘temporal changes in feeding guilds’ which contains correlation coefficients and p values following Kendall’s τ trend analysis between mean haul-level values of feeding guild biomass and species richness for each assessment strata and year. Kendall’s τ scores of –1 to +1 represent a 100% probability of a decreasing or increasing trend, respectively (Table 5). Stomach contents data., We draw together stomach contents data primarily collected from the North Atlantic shelf seas, with important contributions from the Baltic, Barents and Norwegian Seas in the Arctic Ocean. These data were sourced from a combination of previously published and unpublished data including DAPSTOM (Pinnegar, 2019), ICES Year of the Stomach (Daan, 1981; ICES, 1997), the Northeast US continental shelf (Smith & Link, 2010), Northern Spanish shelf (Arroyo et al., 2017), Gulf of Cadiz (Torres et al., 2013), Swedish-, Icelandic-, Norwegian-, French- (Cachera et al., 2017; Timmerman et al., 2020; Travers-Trolet, 2017; Verin, 2018) and German-led surveys (e.g., FishNet, https://www.nationalpark-wattenmeer.de/wissensbeitrag/fishnet/; BioConsult, 2023). The observations used to model prey weight contain information from 621,040 fish stomachs (Table 1), from 146 predator taxa collected between 1963 – 2020 and includes larvae (<1 g) to adults (up to 351 kg). The full dataset contains predictions of prey weights and counts based on predator size, predator taxa and prey functional group information from 944,129 fish stomachs (Table 2), 227 predator taxa collected between 1836 – 2020 and includes larvae (<1 g) to adults (up to 351 kg)., [Scientific trawl survey data] Scientific trawl data were obtained from Lynam and Ribeiro (2022), a data product derived from Northeast Atlantic groundfish data from surveys undertaken between 1983-2020 with observations for the biomass and numbers of species size classes standardised to the area swept for each haul. We make use of data collected using otter trawls between 1997 – 2020. We process the data by categorising fish into feeding guilds using taxonomic and size information and sum estimates of biomass, numbers, and species richness by feeding guild for each haul observation. We provide the unique assessment units used in the pilot assessment to determine change in feeding guild responses (Lynam et al., 2022; Lynam & Piet, 2022; Thompson et al., 2023). We provide details of the columns used in Table 3, a summary of the specific surveys used in Table 4. Details of the columns in the data containing correlations and p values based following Kendall’s τ trend analysis are provided in Table 5., [Associated scientific study] These data were processed for the study "Fish functional groups of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans ", by Murray S.A. Thompson, Izaskun Preciado, Federico Maioli, Valerio Bartolino, Andrea Belgrano, Michele Casini, Pierre Cresson, Elena Eriksen, Gema Hernandez-Milian, Ingibjörg G. Jónsdóttir, Stefan Neuenfeldt, John K. Pinnegar, Stefán Ragnarsson, Sabine Schückel, Ulrike Schückel, Brian E. Smith, María Ángeles Torres, Thomas J. Webb, and Christopher P. Lynam (in prep; see also Thompson et al., 2023)., [Data Links] https://data.cefas.co.uk/#/View/21771, [Data access and use - comments] Publicly available data licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0 (https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/) – Please note the applicable attribution statement is as follows: ‘includes Crown copyright, Cefas 2023', Peer reviewed

1 file.-- Data from a discrete choice experiment collected through face-to-face surveys at the city of Vigo (Pontevedra, Spain), Discrete choice data for 402 individuals, 6 choices by individual, 3 alternatives each choice card, Grant TED2021-130267B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR, Peer reviewed

This project received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Advanced Grant agreement #834162, SUMMIT, to RS). It was also funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN/AEI, doi: 10.13039/501100011033) through the BIOGAPS grant (CTM2016-81008-R) to RS, the “Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence” accreditation (CEX2019-000298-S) to the ICM, and predoctoral grants to MM-N (BES-2017-080048) and MC-B (FPU16-01925). LX and DJK were supported by funding from the National Science Foundation Chemical Oceanography program (CO-1756907) to DJK. SGG was supported by an Australian Government Endeavour Research Fellowship. GJH was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant P28781-B21, File 1: Concentrations of DMSP, DMS, DMDS, COS, CS2, isoprene, CH3I, CH2ClI, CH2Br2 and CHBr3, DOC, DON, FDOM, POC, PON, nutrients, chla, bacteria and sized phytoplankton abundances, phytoplankton group biomasses, bacterial activity, and bromoperoxidase activity in seawater samples along a transect of 6 sampling sites from the open ocean into and across the northern coral reef of Mo'orea, French Polynesia. The sampling sites along the transect were visited 4-5 times in April 2018. All samples are surface seawater (20 cm approx). Included are two short distance gradients of volatile compounds between the very proximity of a coral Pocillopora sp. and the water 2 m away, as well as between a raft of decomposing seaweeds and 2 m away. File 2: Rates of net production (positive values) or net loss (negative values) of DMS, DMDS, COS, CS2, isoprene, CH3I, CH2ClI, CH2Br2 and CHBr3 in the back-reef lagoon of the northern reef of Mo'orea (French Polynesia) caused by several reef components and processes: seawater photochemistry, microbial plankton, the dominant seaweed Turbinaria ornata, bare carbonate sediments, ans air-sea exchange (ventilation). All rates were determined from bottle incubations, with corrections to in situ conditions between 10:00 and 14:00 local time, and the transit time of the water across the lagoon. Methodological details of sampling, analyses, process-oriented incubations and calculations are provided in the paper, Peer reviewed

This dataset contains the phenotypic data measured during the experiment and the R code employed in the statistical analyses of the paper "Interactive effects of warming and competition do not limit the adaptive plastic response to drought in populations of a Mediterranean plant", published in Global Change Biology. Water scarcity is the main selective pressure determining the performance of Mediterranean plant populations, with climate change predicted to increase the intensity and duration of droughts. However, drought rarely acts in isolation. Climate change also involves substantial warming in this region and may disrupt natural processes, including biotic interactions. Phenotypic plasticity allows plants to cope with rapid and multifaceted environmental changes. Although our knowledge of plastic responses to drought in Mediterranean plants has increased in recent years, how co-occurring simultaneous stressors interact to produce additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects that enhance or constrain adaptive plastic responses to drought is still unknown. Using a factorial experimental approach based on a multivariate common garden, we assessed whether adaptive phenotypic plasticity to drought and population differentiation in traits related to drought response were affected by the occurrence of other key simultaneous stressors, warming and intraspecific competition, in a Mediterranean gypsum endemic shrub. In response to drought, plants expressed adaptive plastic responses associated with a mixed resource-use strategy, combining conservative (sclerophyllous leaves with higher water use efficiency) and acquisitive (advanced phenology) phenotypic responses. Although the response to drought was modified by synergistic and antagonistic interactions with warming and competition, these interactions did not change the direction or reduce the extent of adaptive plasticity to drought. This suggests that plastic responses to drought may also provide benefits against warming and competition. Finally, we detected significant population differentiation in all functional traits, but phenotypic differences in reproductive biomass were significantly reduced under combined drought and warming. Our results emphasize the robustness of adaptive plasticity to drought under complex stress scenarios and underscore the importance of realistic, multifactorial experimental approaches to predict whether adaptive responses of plant populations will remain effective in a climate change context and influence their future ecological and evolutionary dynamics., Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness : CGL2016–75566-P Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades : PID202-126103NB-I00 Universidad Rey Juan Carlos : C1PREDOC2020, Peer reviewed

Two detection objectives were used, depending on sample size, a 4x/0.28 NA Olympus XLFLUOR4x/340 objective (0, 5, 10, 19 DPH Octopus vulgaris individuals, Loligo vulgaris and Illex coindetii) and a Nikon 10x/0.5 NA CFI Plan Apochromat 10xC Glyc (Rest of the samples). For illumination, two 4x/0.95 NA Nikon CFI Plan Apo Lambda 4x were used when using the 10x detection objective and two 4x/0.13 NA Nikon Plan Fluor illumination objectives were used when using the 4x detection objective.-- Microscope: MuVi SPIM (Luxendo), LCS SPIM (Luxendo, only Sepia officinalis and 60 DPH Octopus vulgaris individuals), Project funding was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (OCTOSET project RTI2018-097908-B-I00; ECOPHYN project PID2021-126824NB-C32; MCIU/AEI/FEDER, EU), and the Spanish government through the “Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence” accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). DGV was funded by a predoctoral fellowship from MICIU/AEI /https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 and by the FSE + (Ref. PRE2022-101292). FAFA was supported by a Beatriu de Pinós fellowship from Secretaria d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament de Recerca i Universitats of the Generalitat de Catalunya (Ref. BP 2021 00035), Acronyms: OV: Octopus vulgaris, SO: Sepia officinalis, LV: Loligo vulgaris, IC: Illex coindetii, DPH: Days Post-Hatching, Peer reviewed

The impact of warming on zooxanthellate corals is widespread, from tropical to temperate seas, with their associated mortalities causing global concern. The temperate coral Cladocora caespitosa is the only zooxanthellate coral with reef-building capacity in the Mediterranean Sea, a climate change hotspot with warming rates triple the global average. Over the past two decades, C. caespitosa populations have suffered severe mortality events associated with marine heatwaves (MHWs). However, with monitoring efforts beginning, at best, in the 2000s, the occurrence of MHWs before to that period, as well as the sub-lethal effects of these events remain poorly understood. Here we use sclerochronology to reconstruct the histories of past stress events and long-term sub-lethal effects on C. caespitosa in three locations within the NW Mediterranean Sea, each with different environmental conditions. Skeletal extension, density and calcification rates were compared to the in situ seawater temperature of each site to assess their relationship. Additionally, we assessed the occurrence of skeletal growth anomalies to reconstruct stress events between 1991 and 2021, a period that encompasses the onset and evolution of warming-related mass mortality events in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Our results reveal a positive association between calcification and temperature, following a latitudinal temperature gradient. However, the evolution of the likelihood distribution of growth rates in the warmest site (Columbretes Islands) since the 1990s indicates a decrease in linear extension and calcification rates during the most recent years. With the increase in the frequency of MHWs and growth anomalies during the last decade, this decline suggests a recurrence in physiological stress events. These results unravel information on the long-term impacts of warming on coral growth and highlight the potential of applying sclerochronology to reconstruct sub-lethal effects of warming using C. caespitosa, This research is supported by the Horizon 2020 program of research and innovation of the European Union under the MaCoBioS grant agreement, by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation, project no. 401447620) and by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under the project UndResCoral (project no. PID2022-137539OA-C22). D.K.K. was supported by a Ramon y Cajal postdoctoral grant funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation (PEICTI 2021–2023; grant no. RYC2021-033576-I). C.L. acknowledges the support by ICREA Academia. J.G. acknowledges the grant “Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence” accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S) funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033, Peer reviewed

The README contains information about the folder and file structure., A collection of 106 maize inbred lines, representative of the Mediterranean region or adapted to this environment was evaluated with DROMAMED project. Two experiments were performed by using the automated high-throughput shoot phenotyping platform for large plants in an environmentally controlled greenhouse at the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany. In the control experiment (non-stress), plants were grown in conditions of 25 ºC day / 20 ºC night (16/8h day/night) and the field capacity (FC) of the soil was kept at 70%. In the stress treatment phase of the second experiment plants were exposed to combined drought and high temperature (D-HT) and were cultivated at 35 ºC day / 25 ºC night (16/8h day/night) and 30% FC. For the D-HT experiment, the stress conditions were imposed starting one week after the plants were transplanted into the system, 18 days after sowing (DAS). During the first week in the system, plants were grown under the same conditions as the control experiment. Then the stress conditions were imposed for two weeks and afterwards, the plants were returned to control conditions and allowed to recover for two more weeks., he authors would like to thank the DROMAMED consortium partners responsible for the management and shipment of seeds from the following germplasm banks: Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC) in Spain; Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA) and the Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences at the Università di Bologna in Italy; the Bati Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute in Turkey; Unité Expérimentale du Maïs in Saint-Martin-de-Hinx, France; Génétique Quantitative et Evolution (GQE) - Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech; and LEPSE, University of Montpellier in France. We also thank the Génétique Quantitative et Evolution (GQE) - Le Moulon group for their work in coordinating and carrying out the genotyping of the evaluated set of lines., Peer reviewed

Peer reviewed