Resultados de investigación

The zip. file contains information on a database, the explanation of each modification made to this database and a timetable used to input information onto this database. Database: Excel file with all data gathered from the systematic review using the PRISMA method (Page et al., 2021). The first sheet includes data on the general aspects of each publication, location, taxa, formal data, age, impacts and effect measures. Columns in grey were modified from the original data, while columns in white contain the original information. The second sheet presents the legend for each variable in the first sheet. Explanations of the database: Word document with the explanations made to each variable retried from the original publications (grey columns) and from which sources. Timetable: Word document with a table of terms regarding different geologic, climatic and cultural periods, divided by each subregion of the Mediterranean Sea, placed in time using the system years BP (Before Present), This work was supported by the Erasmus+ Program Grant no. 2022-1-PT01-KA131-HED-000061155. The author acknowledges the institutional support of the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). This research contributes to the objectives of Q-MARE (a PAGES working group). This research is part of the Integrated Marine Ecosystem Assessments (iMARES) research group funded by Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (Generalitat de Catalunya) Grant no. 2021 SGR 00435, Peer reviewed

[Methods] The data is a part of an extensive tree growth and drought monitoring network (www.treenet.info) in Switzerland. In this network, radial stem growth is derived from measurements of stem radius changes of trees with high-precision point dendrometers on mainly mature dominant trees. Tree radial growth was measured at about 1.3 m above the ground. The data was recorded and transmitted with Decentlab data transfer nodes (Decentlab GmbH, Duebendorf, Switzerland) with a logging resolution <1 µm at every 5-10 mins. The measurements were processed to a 10-min time aligned data set using the R-package ‘treenetproc’, including outlier removal, jump correction and linear interpolation of short gaps. Radial growth data, extracted with the zero-growth assumption were aggregated on a daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly sum basis. As growth strongly varies within individual trees, across years, species, sites and climatic regions, annual growth was standardized by converting it to relative annual growth. This was done by calculating the difference between each tree’s annual growth to its tree-specific long-term average, calculated over the available data from 2012 to 2022. Air temperature (°C) data was obtained from weather stations www.meteoswiss.admin.ch, mean distance: 8 km, max: 15 km) or were measured at the site and aggregated to daily values. Air temperature and relative humidity (%) at the sites were measured at 2 m height within the forest stands. Precipitation was extracted from MeteoSwiss model generated CombiPrecip combining data from weather stations and precipitation radar. The vapour pressure deficit (VPD, in kPa) was calculated using temperature and relative humidity. Soil water potential (SWP) was measured with dielectric MPS-2/MPS-6 sensors (Decagon Devices, Pullman, US) at 10-20 cm soil depth at each site and the values were corrected for soil temperature fluctuations. All analyses, including statistical model runs and figures, were produced using the R statistical software., Recent findings suggest that global warming is altering the timing of trees’ phenological activities including earlier emergence from winter dormancy. While early-season warming can boost carbon uptake, tree growth does not seem to benefit. The underlying mechanisms and the altered intra- and inter-annual growth dynamics, as well as their interaction with environmental factors, remain poorly understood. We analysed daily-resolved dendrometer data from 228 trees across 48 Swiss forest sites over 2012–2022 to examine stem radial growth timing, intra- and inter-annual dynamics, and environmental controls for five tree species. We examined how weekly tree growth is related to envrionmental variables including day length, temperature, preciipitation, vapor pressure deficit, soil water potential and their interactions. We found a significant negative growth trend for Picea abies, Abies alba, and Fagus sylvatica across a wide climatic gradient. The reduction in growth was associated with the decrease in number of days with growth. The positive effect of higher temperatures in spring was canceled out by a negative effect towards the end of the growth period. Overall, such negative effect of increased temperature at annual scale was strongest in Pinus sylvestris and persisted over 2012-2022. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the data analysis process, we have uploaded an R script that details all analyses and datasets used. The script includes thorough documentation of the analyses corresponding to each figure, table, and supplementary material. The dataset contains information on tree growth, site characteristics, and the environmental conditions in which the trees are growing. It is available for reuse in other scientific studies, with no legal or ethical restrictions., Federal Office for the Environment : 00.5053. PZ / 935559972, Peer reviewed

R codes for the publication: Blanca Figuerola, Pol Capdevila, Marc Cerdà-Domènech, Joaquim Garrabou, Alice Mirasole, Pol Bassols, Javier del Campo, Núria Teixidó. Interactive effects of ocean acidification and warming disrupt calcification and microbiome composition in bryozoans, BF has received funding by a Ramon y Cajal grant (RYC2022-036268-I) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE + , a Beatriu de Pinós grant (2019 BP 00183), from the Catalan Government and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 801370, and by a Juan de la Cierva- Incorporación grant (IJCI-2017-31478) from the Ministry of Science and Innovation. This work has been developed in the framework of the MedCalRes project Grant PID2021-125323OA-I00 to BF funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and ERDF/EU. BF and JG acknowledge the grant CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033. JG acknowledges the funding by the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Futuremares SEP-210597628). NT was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (4Oceans, MOPGA, grant no. ANR-17-MOPGA-0001) and the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), Mission 4 Component 2 Investment 1.4 - Call for tender No. 3138 of 16 December 2021, rectified by Decree n.3175 of 18 December 2021 of Italian Ministry of University and Research funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU; Award Number: Project code CN_00000033, Concession Decree No. 1034 of 17 June 2022 adopted by the Italian Ministry of University and Research, CUP C63C22000520001 Project title “National Biodiversity Future Center - NBFC. BF, PC, and JG are part of the Marine Conservation research group funded by Generalitat de Catalunya [2021 SGR 01073], Peer reviewed

One file is for demultiplexing the plant metabarcoding dataset, generated using the trnL p6-loop gh primers of Taberlet et al. The other is for the animal metabarcoding dataset, generated using the 16S MamP007 primers of Giguet-Covex et al. Each file contains forward and reverse primer tags for eight PCR replicates applied to 844 sediment samples or controls, together with European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) accession codes for their associated amplicon libraries, which are publicly available at ENA projects PRJEB85748 and PRJEB52290. Sequencing facilities GSCT: Genomics Support Centre Tromsø TMU: The Arctic University Museum of Norway NCFS: Norwegian College of Fishery Science, I.G.A. and Y.L. were supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 819192) and the ECOGEN project “Ecosystem change and species persistence over time: A genome-based approach,” financed by Research Council of Norway grant 250963/F20, the latter also supported P.D.H., S.G.-P., and S.Z., most fieldwork, and other running costs. Open access funding was provided by UiT The Arctic University of Norway. S.G.-P. was also supported by the Beatriu de Pinós Programme (BP-2021-00131) and a fellowship from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434, fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI24/12040011). P.D.H. acknowledges support from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2021.0048 and KAW 2022.0033). Coring and stratigraphic analyses at Lake Sulzkar were funded through an Earth System Sciences grant from the Austrian Academy of Sciences: “Pulling the plug—Restoration of an Alpine lake”. Coring at Lakes Sangiatto, Hopschu, Emines, Bretaye, and Sulsseewli was supported by the Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR) as part of the Graduate School of Climate Sciences at the University of Bern. The PhyloAlps reference database was built thanks to the following projects: the joint ANR-SNF project Origin-Alps (ANR-16-CE93-0004, SNF-310030L_170059), European Research Council under the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 grant agreement 281422 (TEEMBIO), and by the SNF grant 31003A_149508. The sequencing for the PhyloAlps reference database was performed within the framework of the PhyloAlps project, funded by France Génomique (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), Peer reviewed

The last animal phylum to be discovered, Micrognathozoa, constitutes a rare group of limnic meiofauna. These microscopic ‘jaw animals’ are among the smallest metazoans yet possess highly complex jaw structures. The single species of Micrognathozoa, Limnognathia maerski Kristensen and Funch, 2000, was first described from Greenland, later reported from a remote Subantarctic island, and more recently discovered in the Pyrenees on the European continent. Successful collections of these three known populations facilitated investigations of the intraphylum relationships and species limits within Limnognathia for the first time. Through detailed anatomical comparisons, we substantiate the lack of morphological differences between the three geographically disjunct populations. With transcriptomic data from single specimens, we conducted the first intraphylum phylogenetic analyses and extensively tested species hypotheses using standard approaches and novel machine learning methods. Analyses clearly delimited the Subantarctic population, here described as Limnognathia desmeti sp. nov., the second species of Micrognathozoa, but did not definitively split the Greenland and Pyrenees populations as separate species. Divergence dating analysis suggests the disjoint distribution of Micrognathozoa is not human-mediated but the result of long-distance dispersal raising questions about their dispersal capabilities and potential undiscovered populations, The project was further supported by research and infrastructure grants to KW (Villum Foundation Grant no. 50 428 and Carlsberg Foundation Grant Nos. CF15−0946 and CF20−0458). SGP was supported by the Beatriu de Pinós Programme (BP−2021−00131) and a fellowship from “‘la Caixa”’ Foundation (ID 100010434, fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI24/12040011). OSW is a member of the research group SGR2021-01271 funded by the Generalitat de Catalunya, With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), Peer reviewed

[Data and scripts:] "Droughts preceding tree mortality events have increased in duration and intensity, especially in dry biomes", Peer reviewed

The dataset includes annual maps of forest aboveground biomass for the Community of Madrid (Spain) covering the period from 1985 to 2023. The maps were derived using a synergistic approach that combines data from airborne LiDAR (provided by the Spanish National Plan for Aerial Orthophotography, PNOA), Landsat satellite imagery, and the Spanish National Forest Inventory. The combination of time-series Landsat data and LiDAR allowed for the generation of spatially explicit biomass maps that reflect forest aboveground biomass dynamics over 39 consecutive years.The maps were developed in study entitled "Long-term annual estimation of forest above ground biomass, canopy cover, and height from airborne and spaceborne sensors synergies in the Iberian Peninsula", authored by M.A. Tanase, M.C. Mihai, S. Miguel, A. Cantero, J. Tijerin-Triviño, P. Ruiz-Benito, D. Domingo, A. Garcia-Martin, C. Aponte, and M.T. Lamelas. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.119432, Peer reviewed

Laguna del Maule is a volcanic basin lake in the Central Chilean Andes that contains a peculiar and poorly understood algal flora from an ecological perspective. We present a comprehensive list of modern phytoplankton and limnological parameters (measured in 2011 and 2015), as well as a subfossil diatom assemblage spanning the past ∼700 years. We examined the relationship between the past assemblages and two Holocene tephra layers, pH, and the impact of recent warming. Chlorophyll values (1.3–1.8 µg l−1) are indicative of an oligotrophic lake. Counts (past and modern specimens) totalled two hundred fifty-four taxa: Bacillariophyceae (239, mainly subfossil), Chlorophyta (4), Chrysophyta (3), Cryptophyta (3), Cyanophyta (3) and Dinophyta (2). Diatom groups included: twelve centric (the most abundant specimens) and two hundred twenty-seven pennate taxa; of the latter, thirty-three were araphid and one hundred and ninety-four were either monoraphid or biraphid. An increased richness was observed after deposition of the tephra layers, along with different diatom assemblages associated with each tephra. Alkaliphilous-circumneutral taxa dominated, in concordance with the alkaline basin conditions of Laguna del Maule. A recent megadrought brought a shift from planktic to benthic diatoms, as coastal areas expanded, fostering a higher diversity of biraphid genera. Records of past and present dynamics of Andean lacustrine microorganisms are necessary to further evaluate responses to critical global environmental change and for high-altitude aquatic ecosystem conservation efforts., This publication was funded by FONDECYT 3120012 (to MLC and CL), the Laboratorio Internacional de Cambio Global (LINCGlobal), grant FB210006 to the IEB and MEDLANT (Spain) and DID-UACh S-2016-37 supported LC., Peer reviewed

Table S1: A complete list of the species and cultivars used in the present study with average values of aspect ratio and solidity of their seeds; Table S2: Pedigree and values of J-index with models Hebén and Chenin, solidity and aspect ratio for the Average contours (Acs) of 271 cultivars; Figures S1: Photographs of the cultivars. Please see also: https://zenodo.org/uploads/10628169 (for seeds of Vitis species other than V. vinifera) and https://zenodo.org/records/14610754 (for seeds harvested in 2024); Figures S2: Average contours of each cultivar classified by aspect ratio; Figures S3: Images for the calculation of J-index; Figures S4: Representative Mathematica files for curvature analysis in seed image contours., Peer reviewed

Figures S1: Photographs of the cultivars. Please see also: https://zenodo.org/uploads/10628169 (for seeds of Vitis species other than V. vinifera) and https://zenodo.org/records/14610754 (for seeds harvested in 2024)., Peer reviewed