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The corresponding 2.5D electrical forward and inverse problem is solved on an unstructured mesh with tetrahedral elements using BERT (Boundless Electrical Resistivity Tomography) (Rucker et al. 2006, Gunther et al. 2006) and pyGIMLi (Generalized Inversion and Modeling Library) (Rucker et al. 2017)., Surface electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a widely used tool to study seawater intrusion (SWI). It is noninvasive and offers a high spatial coverage at a low cost, but it is strongly affected by decreasing resolution with depth. We conjecture that the use of CHERT (cross-hole ERT) can partly overcome these resolution limitations since the electrodes are placed at depth, which implies that the model resolution does not decrease in the zone of interest. The objective of this study is to evaluate the CHERT for imaging the SWI and monitoring its dynamics at the Argentona site, a well-instrumented field site of a coastal alluvial aquifer located 40 km NE of Barcelona. To do so, we installed permanent electrodes around boreholes attached to the PVC pipes to perform time-lapse monitoring of the SWI on a transect perpendicular to the coastline. After two years of monitoring, we observe variability of SWI at different time scales: (1) natural seasonal variations and aquifer salinization that we attribute to long-term drought and (2) short-term fluctuations due to sea storms or flooding in the nearby stream during heavy rain events. The spatial imaging of bulk electrical conductivity allows us to explain non-trivial salinity profiles in open boreholes (step-wise profiles really reflect the presence of fresh water at depth). By comparing CHERT results with traditional in situ measurements such as electrical conductivity of water samples and bulk electrical conductivity from induction logs, we conclude that CHERT is a reliable and cost-effective imaging tool for monitoring SWI dynamics., This work was funded by the project CGL2016-77122-C2-1-R/2-R of the Spanish Government.We would like to thank SIMMAR (Serveis Integrals de Manteniment del Maresme) and the Consell Comarcal del Maresme in the construction of the research site. This project also received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant 480 Agreement No 722028. Author Albert Folch is a “Serra-Húnter Fellow”., Name of raw data files: chert_argentona_1.txt chert_argentona_2.txt chert_argentona_3.txt chert_argentona_4.txt chert_argentona_5.txt chert_argentona_6.txt chert_argentona_7.txt chert_argentona_8.txt chert_argentona_9.txt chert_argentona_10.txt chert_argentona_11.txt chert_argentona_12.txt chert_argentona_13.txt chert_argentona_14.txt chert_argentona_15.txt chert_argentona_16.txt chert_plus_surfaceert_argentona.txt Content of raw data files: List of electrodes X and Z positions (with topography), and list of quadripoles (a, b, m, n) with measured resistance (r), error (err), geometric factor (k), and apparent resistivity (rhoa). This files are formatted to go through the BERT program for 2.5D ERT modeling and inversion. The “chert_plus_surfaceert_argentona.txt” raw file combines cross-hole and surface ERT data from Sep 8th, 2015. Name of inverse data files: chert_argentona_sigma_model_1.vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_2. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_3. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_4. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_5. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_6. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_7. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_8. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_9. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_10. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_11. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_12. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_13. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_14. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_15. vector chert_argentona_ sigma_model_16. Vector chert_plus_surfaceert_argentona.vector (Reference Model for Time-lapse Inversion), Peer reviewed

[EN] The modification of CueZn catalysts with low amount of Al and Ga (AlþGa ¼ 3%) was investigated and data corresponding to its influence on the decomposition of the calcined precursors and on the nanomorphology and surface concentration of reduced catalysts were presented in this contribution. The data presented here are supplementary material of the catalysts presented in the research article “Structure and activity of Cu/ZnO catalysts comodified with aluminium and gallium for methanol synthesis” published in Catalysis Today [1]., The present investigation was performed within the research program CTQ2016-76505-C3-1 supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. Elena Millán would like to acknowledge the FPI programme from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for the research grant., Peer reviewed

70 páginas, 11 figuras, 5 tablas, 2 recuadros, 1 tabla A. -- Kattge, Jens [et al]. -- 729 authors contributed to writing. -- The first published is by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives, Peer reviewed

Los datos pertenecen al trabajo: Gómez, E.J., Delgado, J.A., González, J.M. (2020): Persistence of microbial extracellular enzymes in soils under different temperatures and water availabilities Ecology and Evolution (Artícle in press), Figure 2. Decay rates as a function of water availability and temperature for extracellular enzymes from mesophiles and thermophiles at three different soils. Extracellular enzymes: A, B and C (upper row), glucosidases; D, E and F (central row), phosphatases; G, H and I (lower row), proteases. Left column (A, D and G), Seville soil (South Spain); Center column (B, E and H), Cadiz soil (South Spain); Right column (C, F and I), North Spain soil. Symbols: in red, decay of extracellular enzymes from thermophiles at 60ºC; in blue, decay of extracellular enzymes from mesophiles at 20ºC; in black, decay of extracellular enzymes from thermophiles at 20ºC. Points resulted from the average of triplicated samples. Error bars indicate a standard deviation, Figure 3. NMDS ordination of decay rates as a function of temperature, water availability and the soils for glucosidase (A), phosphatase (B) and protease (C) activities. Water activity is shown with brownish filled circles from dark to light in decreasing levels of water activity. Decays at 20ºC and 60ºC by enzymes from mesophilic (M20, down-pointing triangles, and M60, up-pointing triangles, respectively) and thermophilic (T20, squares, and T60, diamonds, respectively) microoorganisms are shown as unfilled symbols for each studied soil (Huesca soil [North Spain] in green, Cadiz soil [South Spain] in blue, Seville soil [South Spain] in red)., No

Contiene documentos en pdf con fotografías, protocolos de excavación, topografías e inventario resultados de los trabajos realizados en el yacimiento Alashawaia en 1995., Documentos de las excavaciones arqueológicas realizadas en 1995 en el yacimiento Alashawaia., Agencias financiadoras: Unión Europea, CSIC, CONICET, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España) y Ministerio de Cultura (España)., Peer reviewed

Develop a new algorithm and novel approaches with the aim of producing the best quality SSS product of the Arctic region of well-characterized accuracy using SMOS data. Data acquisition Satellite: ESA SMOS mission (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity). Time coverage 01 January, 2011 - 31 December, 2019. L2 time resolution 2 minutes. L3 time resolution 3 days, 9 days and 18 day. Maps frequency generation: Daily. Spatial coverage Latitude range: 50ºN-90ºN Longitude range: 180ºW-180ºE. Spatial resolution: 25 km. Spatial projection: Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area. Spatial grid WGS 84 / NSIDC EASE-Grid 2.0 North (EPGS:6931). Format NetCDF. Climate and Forecast (CF) conventions version: 1.6., Project Arctic+ salinity. Funding European Space Agency under contract 4000125590/18/I-BG, With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), Sea surface salinity; Sea surface salinity uncertainty; Sea surface salinity anomaly; Sea surface salinity quality flag, Peer reviewed

17 pages, 2 tables, 5 figures.-- This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License., A data product of 17 653 discrete samples from 3343 oceanographic stations combining measurements of pH, alkalinity and other biogeochemical parameters off the northwestern Iberian Peninsula from June 1976 to September 2018 is presented in this study. The oceanography cruises funded by 24 projects were primarily carried out in the Ría de Vigo coastal inlet but also in an area ranging from the Bay of Biscay to the Portuguese coast. The robust seasonal cycles and long-term trends were only calculated along a longitudinal section, gathering data from the coastal and oceanic zone of the Iberian upwelling system. The pH in the surface waters of these separated regions, which were highly variable due to intense photosynthesis and the remineralization of organic matter, showed an interannual acidification ranging from −0.0012 to −0.0039 yr−1 that grew towards the coastline. This result is obtained despite the buffering capacity increasing in the coastal waters further inland as shown by the increase in alkalinity by 1.1±0.7 and 2.6±1.0 µmol kg−1 yr−1 in the inner and outer Ría de Vigo respectively, driven by interannual changes in the surface salinity of 0.0193±0.0056 and 0.0426±0.016 psu yr−1 respectively. The loss of the vertical salinity gradient in the long-term trend in the inner ria was consistent with other significant biogeochemical changes such as a lower oxygen concentration and fertilization of the surface waters. These findings seem to be related to a growing footprint of sediment remineralization of organic matter in the surface layer of a more homogeneous water column, The compilation of this dataset was funded by the ARIOS project (CTM2016-76146-C3-1-R) funded by the Spanish government through the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad that included European FEDER funds. Part of the processing work was supported by the MarRISK project (European Union FEDER 0262_MarRISK_1_E) funded by the Programme 2014–2020 Interreg V-A-Spain-Portugal (POPTEC). This project has also received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 820989 (project COMFORT, Our common future ocean in the Earth system – quantifying coupled cycles of carbon, oxygen, and nutrients for determining and achieving safe operating spaces with respect to tipping points), Peer reviewed

Background There is an increasing demand for databases including species trait information for biodiversity and community ecology studies. The existence of trait databases is useful for comparative studies within taxa or geographical regions, but there is low availability of databases for certain organisms. Here we present an open access functional trait database for spiders from Macaronesia and the Iberian Peninsula, recording several morphological and ecological traits related to the species life histories, microhabitat and trophic preferences. New information We present a database that includes 12 biological traits for 506 spider species present in natural forests of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain) and three Macaronesian archipelagoes (Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands). The functional trait database consists of two sections: individual-level data for six morphological traits (total body size, prosoma length, prosoma width, prosoma height, tibia I length and fang length), based on direct measurements of 2844 specimens of all spider species; and species-level aggregate data for 12 traits (same 6 morphological traits as in the previous section plus dispersal ability, vertical stratification, circadian activity, foraging strategy, trophic specialization and colonization status), based on either the average of the direct measurements or bibliographic searches. This functional trait database will serve as a data standard for currently ongoing analyses that require trait and functional diversity statistics., This study was supported by the project BIODIV ISLAND-CONT (Biodiversity drivers on islands and continents – 706482) funded by Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2015) to the first author NMH. Additional support was provided by grant 2017SGR83 from the Catalan Government to MA. PB and PC are supported by AZORESBIOPORTAL–PORBIOTA (ACORES-01-0145-FEDER-000072) for the development of Functional Traits for Azorean arthropods. MD is supported by an APIF PhD fellowship from the University of Barcelona. We also thank Rutger Vos and Martin Ramirez for their valuable comments that greatly helped to improve the quality of this paper., Peer reviewed

BPEC is an R package for Bayesian phylogeographic and ecological clustering which allows geographical, environmental and phenotypic measurements to be combined with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences in order to reveal geographic structuring of DNA sequence clusters consistent with migration events. DNA sequences are modelled using a collapsed version of a simplified coalescent model projected onto haplotype trees, which subsequently give rise to constrained clusterings as migrations occur. Within each cluster, a multivariate Gaussian distribution of the covariates (geographical, environmental, phenotypic) is used. Inference follows tailored reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling so that the number of clusters (i.e., migrations) does not need to be pre-specified. A number of output plots and visualizations are provided which reflect the posterior distribution of the parameters of interest. BPEC also includes functions that create output files which can be loaded into Google Earth. The package commands are illustrated through an example dataset of the polytypic Near Eastern brown frog Rana macrocnemis analyzed using BPEC., Peer reviewed

1 table, This file provides a list of mesopelagic species of cephalopods, decapods and teleostean fish, likely to occur in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean (central and north) and Mediterranean Sea, according to literature, With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), Peer reviewed