[EN] Literature about sustainability and sustainable businesses has become a large field of study during the last years. This field is growing so fast that there are sub-areas or bodies of literature within the sustainability which scopes with clear boundaries between each other. This has caused the apparition of several methodologies and tools for turning traditional companies into sustainable business models. This paper aims to develop the descriptive stage of the theory building process through a careful review of literature to create the first phase of a theory about corporate sustainability. It provides the following classification of concepts retrieved from the observation of the state of art: holistic sustainability, sustainable business models, sustainable methodologies, sustainable operations, and sustainability-oriented innovation. In addition, it seeks to establish relationships between the sustainable concepts and the expected outcomes that their implementation can generate among companies and organizations. Finally, it gives an overview of possibilities for managers that want to embed sustainability in their firms and clear paths of research for keeping the building of the theory about corporate sustainability as a process of constant iteration and improvement., This research was funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation, project number: PID2019-105497GB-100.

[EN] Customers' attention to sustainability labels in fishery and aquaculture products (FAPs) has been increasing in the last decades, and the industry has adapted to this growing interest by adopting fish ecolabels. However, there is a growing interest to widen the sustainability concept to include the social and ethical information of the fishery and aquaculture industry and to go further from the voluntary approach on the labeling of these aspects in FAPs. For this reason, using data from 2021 Eurobarometer and using machine learning techniques, we disentangle the characteristics of the FAP buyers that consider the importance of environmental impact, ethical, and social information appearing on FAP labeling. The results confirmed that most of the consumers who consider environmental, social, and ethical aspects when buying FAPs also think that this information should be labeled. In line with other works, young, educated, and environmentally aware consumers in high-income countries are more likely to request this information in the FAP label. One interesting finding of the study relates with the asymmetric impact of the variables and the important group of respondents who do not consider these aspects but also advocate to include them in the FAP label. The study outcomes can be beneficial for policymakers to design future public policies regarding FAP labeling, as well as to be taken into consideration in the marketing policies of fishery and aquaculture producers and retailers., This work was supported by the National Plan for Scientific and Technological Research and Innovation (Spanish Economy and Competitiveness Ministry), the Research Project PID2019105497 GB-I00, the European Fisheries Funds, opportunities for the fisheries sector through diversification, and the FLAGs management (DivPesc).

[EN] Hundreds of Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) have emerged along the European Union coast trying to dynamize fisheries-dependent areas through an approach based on community-led local development (CLLD) strategies. In this research, we characterized and analyzed environmental projects funded by the FLAGs through the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund in Spain from 2014 to 2020. The Spanish Network of Fisheries Groups database allowed us to locate projects defined as environmental, which were then classified into six areas and different project typologies. Most projects were categorized by FLAGs as environmental but were really linked to tourism development. Moreover, true environmental projects were substantially lower in total cost than statistics showed. These conclusions should lead to a reflection on the role that FLAGs and European fisheries funds should play in environmental care of European coasts., This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-105497GB-100). Funding for open access charge was supported by CRUE-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.

[EN] The fishing sector is facing major economic and environmental challenges worldwide. However, at least in developed countries, it is also undergoing a major social crisis. This research has tried to quantify and validate this subjective feeling of deep crisis, based on objective and quantitative data referring to the Spanish Mediterranean. Indeed, the results show alarming data. Different scattered databases have been analyzed and it has been exposed that in only 15 years the number of vessels, power and tonnage has decreased by about 40%; as for fishermen, their number has decreased by about 30%, also revealing a serious problem of generational replacement, since in only 10 years, the average age of fishermen has increased by 3 years. A simple linear regression model shows that this downward trend in the number of boats and fishermen will continue at least in the short term. The data obtained invite a deep reflection on the future or even the very survival of fishing in the Spanish Mediterranean in the medium term. This reflection is not limited to this specific area but can be extrapolated to many other fishing areas., This research was funded by SPANISH ECONOMY AND COMPETITIVENESS MINISTRY, grant number PID2019-105497 GB-I00, European Fisheries Funds, opportunities for the fisheries sector through diversification, and the FLAGs management (DivPesc)

[EN] Although Spain has a long tradition of maritime, naval, and fishing museums, in the last 20 years there has been a boom in museums of this type along the Spanish coast. Paradoxically, this museum boom has coincided with a profound fishing crisis. In order to face the social and economic consequences, Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) have been established by the EU to support the territorial development of fishing areas, financing projects of various kinds, including sociocultural activities that promote fishery diversification, stimulate fishing tourism, and enhance the value of the rich tangible and intangible heritage linked to fishing. A mixed methods approach has been adopted to characterize fishing and maritime museums that have received European funds and have been supported by FLAGs, and to explore the relationship between the fishing sector and the management of museums. Results confirm the active role played by the FLAGs and the fisheries funds in the creation and consolidation of fisheries museums. However, despite the community-led local development approach, the fisheries sector still feels alienated from the management of these museums. The benefits, especially the intangible ones, that these museums can bring to fishing communities may be limited by the low level of involvement of the fishing sector., This research was funded by Spanish Economy and Competitiveness Ministry, under Grant number PID2019-105497 GB-I00, European Fisheries Funds, opportunities for the fisheries sector through diversification, and the FLAGs management (DivPesc).

[EN] The fisheries sector is making significant changes by specifically addressing coastal management and tackling the socio-environmental crisis it is currently facing. Notably, a fundamental change in the attitude and behavior of fishers and their institutions is observed, where sustainability of the environment and marine resources is becoming a priority issue.

Focusing on the Fisher's Guilds of the Spanish Mediterranean, this work analyses the scope of these changes in the management of natural resources through their concrete actions, the factors that enhance or limit such actions, as well as any lingering resistance. For this, we have combined quantitative techniques, through a closed questionnaire, and qualitative techniques, through semi-structured interviews.

We can confirm that the guilds play a growing and active role in the environmental management of their territory of influence. However, it is necessary to equip them with greater human and material resources, to support a strong, determined leadership committed to the environment and, above all, to build a framework of joint collaboration in decision-making that goes beyond mere appearances., This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Research Project CSO2016-76135-P and PID2019-105497GB-100.