BUSCADOR RECOLECTA

Desde el año 2015, las empresas han ido adaptando sus decisiones estratégicas para alinearse con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Esta adaptación vendría justificada por la búsqueda de legitimidad ante la presión que ejercen los
gobiernos, la sociedad civil, las organizaciones supranacionales y los mercados. Algunas empresas demuestran su compromiso con estos objetivos invirtiendo en innovaciones diseñadas para impulsar su desempeño organizacional; mientras que otras recurren a procesos de “green washing” en un intento por mantener sus niveles de rentabilidad. Invertir en
innovaciones para la sostenibilidad se ha convertido en una manifestación clave del compromiso de las empresas con el
desarrollo sostenible. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la interacción entre el compromiso con los Objetivos de
Desarrollo Sostenible, las innovaciones para la sostenibilidad y el desempeño organizacional. Para analizar esta interacción, se ha obtenido una muestra de 3.420 empresas para el período 2015 a 2020. A pesar de las mejoras significativas
que las innovaciones asociadas al compromiso con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible suponen en términos de
desempeño sostenible, los resultados muestran que invertir en este tipo de innovación conlleva cierto riesgo de perdidas
a corto plazo. Este resultado tiene varias implicaciones. Algunas empresas pueden suscribir los Objetivos de Desarrollo
Sostenible como una forma de ganar legitimidad y no por un verdadero compromiso. Por otra parte, el compromiso
real con la innovación para la sostenibilidad puede atraer a inversores potenciales, siendo éste, en nuestra opinión, un
fenómeno que decisores públicos y legisladores deberían potenciar., Companies have been adapting their strategic decisions in order to align with Sustainable Development Goals since 2015. A motivation for companies to align their strategic decisions with Sustainable Development Goals is to gain legitimacy among supranational organizations, governments, and civil society. Some demonstrate the strength of their commitment to these goals by investing in innovations designed to boost their organizational performance; while others turn to greenwashing in a bid to maintain profits. Investing in sustainability innovations has become a key manifestation of firms’ commitment to Sustainable Development. This study aims to analyse the interaction between sustainability commitment, innovations for sustainability and organizational performance. A sample of 3,420 companies for the period 2015 to 2020 is used to test two working hypotheses. Despite the significant gains it brings in terms of sustainability performance, the results show that investing in innovation for sustainability carries the risk of short-term losses. This has several implications. Some companies may subscribe to Sustainable Development Goals in their pursuit of legitimacy rather than out of true commitment. However, actual engagement in innovation for sustainability can attract potential investors, and, in our view, should be encouraged by politicians and lawmakers., This research has been supported by projects PID2019-104304GB-I00 and PID2019-107822RB-I00 funded by MCIN/
AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033.

The social enterprise model, which is characterized
by economic, social, and governance dimensions,
has become a key aspect of modern welfare states in
Europe. Despite its potential to increase revenue diversification
for nonprofits, particularly through commercial
income, its effects in the context of Mediterranean countries
within the European Union are untested. This study
aims to examine the adoption of the social enterprise model
by Mediterranean nonprofits. The results suggest that
organizations with high levels of diversification through
commercial income exhibit some characteristics of the
social enterprise model, and this behavior is influenced by
factors such as the type of promoter, user, organizational
aims, and activities., Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This study was funded by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PID2019-107822RB-I00/PID2020-113338RB-I00).

This study reviews the impact of the Spanish Transparency Law (TL) 19/2013 and the Union of European Football Associations’ (UEFA) Financial Fair Play (FFP) regulations, on the transparency and accountability of Spanish professional football clubs, and examines the influence of financial performance on the transparency of Spanish football clubs. The study uses a Panel Data methodology (FGLS) to compare the international transparency index for football clubs (INFUT) with the criteria of UEFA’s FFP as a measure of the social and financial performance, respectively, on a sample of 28 Spanish professional teams of first and second division during the periods of 2015, 2016, and 2019. The study reveals that the implementation of TL 19/2013 and UEFA’s FFP has improved the transparency and accountability of clubs. On the one hand, the TL has facilitated access to financial information, and, on the other, the FFP regulations have contributed to improving the balance and financial viability of the clubs. The study also reveals that financial performance directly influences the transparency of clubs.

Towards the improvement of environmental sustainability and the conservation of biodiversity, organisations are increasingly aware of the importance of reporting their impacts on biodiversity and the conservation plans undertaken. Biodiversity accounting and reporting are relevant for developing organisational practices oriented towards environmental sustainability, promoting cleaner management policies with less impact on the environment. Biodiversity accounting research has attracted scholars in business management and accounting, and as a result, the literature in the field has grown in recent years. This study analyses the intellectual structure of the biodiversity accounting and management discipline through a systematic literature review, along with bibliometric techniques based on a co-word analysis of the main keywords included in 63 publications. The results reveal five thematic clusters: one motor cluster (sustainability), two transversal clusters (biodiversity reporting, corporate biodiversity management) and two isolated clusters (environmental protection, emancipatory accounting). In addition, the content of the selected papers is analysed and promising research paths are found, such as the need for more robust quantitative analyses or the development of new forms of emancipatory accounting. The study discusses the main insights from the analysis, proposes future research directions and provides practical implications for biodiversity protection and environmental sustainability. © The Authors

The relationship between culture, earnings management and corporate governance has been studied in different ways, but the influence that culture has over the actual effectiveness of corporate governance to control earnings management has not, even though it should be a determinant factor to define successful governance schemes. Using Hofstede four organizational models as a framework, in this paper, we analyze a sample of companies listed in 16 different stock markets in terms of organizational culture, assessing their governance standards and performance in relation to earnings management, and measuring their actual effectiveness. The results confirm that earnings management is conditioned by organizational culture and that corporate governance acts as a brake on earnings management, regardless of the cultural field in which it is analyzed. However, its effectiveness depends on organizational culture, mostly on the uncertainty avoidance and the power distance. Therefore, modelling a country based on its organizational culture does limit the success of corporate governance policies and standards. This study brings in a new perspective for policy makers and practitioners to design and enforce their corporate governance policies targeting earnings management, according to the prevailing culture. The previous literature on the subject is complemented and enriched by this significant contribution, through which limitations in terms of the number of countries studied could be overcome by further studies addressing specific regions or sectors.

A circular economy (CE) transforms the linear system into a resource flow model based on reusing products and materials and increasing lifetime periods. This academic work aims to review the current CE research status from business, economic, and managerial (BEM) research perspectives. We carried out a systematic and bibliometric analysis to gather information on the current state of the art applications and learn about the leading research topics and sources. To reach these goals, we reviewed 962 research papers published in journals indexed on the Web of Science. After analysing the articles, three categories emerged worldwide: literature reviews, case studies, and frameworks and guidelines based on the current closed-loop system approach. Results evidence that BEM research in the CE is focused on the existing barriers to adopting a CE. More concretely, findings show that CEs are being slowed by the fact that citizens and companies do not know how to be circular. At the same time, the article showcases how the BEM areas and the recurring topics in CE research are increasingly being developed by collaborations between engineers and economists to design and create robust and measurable closed-loop models. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

The European sustainable finance taxonomy requires financial and nonfinancial companies to provide investors with information about the environmental performance of their assets and economic activities. For financial institutions, making socially and environmentally responsible investments visible through a common label that guarantees specific standards for the entire European Union is crucial. Against this background, this study analyzes the evolution of sustainability reporting practices and their assurance in a sample of European financial institutions. To this end, we used a double qualitative methodological approach, based on (a) an external analysis of nonfinancial information and its relationship with the main economic-financial variables of the sample companies, and (b) a case study of a bank carried out through semi-structured interviews. This study provides an external measurement analysis of nonfinancial information in entities from different countries, which can contribute to broadening the scope and level of sustainability and circular economy accountability.

Airlines' negative impacts are rising due to the growth of the industry, and therefore new and more sustainable alternative business models are being developed and implemented. In this context, this paper analyses how airlines are incorporating Circular Economy (CE) into their service model and proposes a framework to identify the main practices of CE that support waste management. After a detailed review of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports of a worldwide sample of companies, this paper builds on waste and material management, where airline activities have more impacts on edible and inedible waste. Results show that companies are adopting measures such as recycling in-cabin waste, incorporating new materials, and defining new systems to make the feeding services more efficient. Nevertheless, CE adoption is still low, and the CE strategies do not seem to follow specific patterns.

A nivel académico no existe un consenso respecto de las formas jurídicas que podrían ser consideradas como empresa social. En este sentido, cabe preguntarse si entre las entidades sin fines lucrativos (ESFL) se adopta el modelo de empresa social y cuál es su enfoque teórico. Entre empresa social y ESFL existen notables coincidencias, sin embargo, otros aspectos presentes en el término de empresa social no son compartidos; (1) continuidad necesaria de la actividad empresarial, económica o de mercado y (2) modelo de gobierno transparente y participativo en la rendición de cuentas. Por ello el objetivo de este estudio es desarrollar un análisis bibliométrico sobre el grado de adopción y tendencias dentro del modelo de empresa social entre las ESFL. Para ello se ha empleado la base de datos Web of Science diseñando la estrategia de búsqueda en dos etapas. En primer lugar, se han buscado artículos publicados en revistas científicas y capítulos de libro relacionados con “empresa social”. En segundo lugar, se ha introducido una restricción incorporando el término “entidad sin fines lucrativos”. Ambas búsquedas, también, en lengua inglesa.

The EU biodiversity strategy highlights the relevance of the private sector and its prominent role as potential degrader and as protector of biodiversity. However, the topic of biodiversity seems to be downplayed and disregarded by most companies, and the potential proxies leading them to report on the matter are not yet clear. This exploratory paper aims at assessing the companies' actual engagement with the EU biodiversity strategy, and the factors influencing the relevance and quality of their disclosure indicators. To that purpose, 170 listed companies from the 5 biggest economies in the EU have been studied after their reporting indicators on biodiversity in 2018 and 2021, focusing on country, sector and impact intensity as potential drivers, as well as on the changes in reporting and indicators between those years. Our findings highlight an increased but heterogeneous engagement with biodiversity among EU listed companies, with limited relevance given by the companies to standard and quantitative performance indicators, and a strong influence on reporting of factors such as the companies' country of origin, and the companies' sector/activity. All of which suggests different approaches to biodiversity within the private sector and insufficient corporate action to meet the EU biodiversity strategy goals.

The social enterprise model, which is characterized by economic, social, and governance dimensions, has become a key aspect of modern welfare states in Europe. Despite its potential to increase revenue diversification for nonprofits, particularly through commercial income, its effects in the context of Mediterranean countries within the European Union are untested. This study aims to examine the adoption of the social enterprise model by Mediterranean nonprofits. The results suggest that organizations with high levels of diversification through commercial income exhibit some characteristics of the social enterprise model, and this behavior is influenced by factors such as the type of promoter, user, organizational aims, and activities.

This study presents a model to measure Circular Economy (CE) in businesses from the point of view of both the range of activities and the intensity with which they are implemented to close material circles. The scope of CE is analysed from an environmental accounting approach with the aim of knowing the degree of implementation of the CE and increasing our understanding of the relationship between the implementation of CE in firms and environmental management accounting and reporting practices (EMAR) developed.The results of an empirical survey conducted on a sample of Spanish companies will be used to examine environmental accounting and reporting practices that can be related to the implementation and measurement of CE and also to the progress being made by these companies in closing material and resource circles. The principal results show that CE activities are generally adopted without thinking in an integrated view of CE principles. Furthermore, there is a moderate correlation between the level of circularity of companies and the development of EMAR practices. This correlation is higher the greater the number of EMAR practices that have been developed, especially the implementation of environmental management systems or the development of transparency and reporting policies. Although firms are progressively adopting practices related to CE, the lack of specific indicators does not allow firms to specifically account for their effect on the closing of material loops.

Este trabajo presenta un modelo para medir la Economía Circular (CE) en las empresas desde la perspectiva del rango de actividades y de la intensidad con que son implementadas para el cierre de círculos de materiales. El alcance de CE ha sido analizado desde un enfoque de la contabilidad medioambiental con el objetivo de saber el grado de implantación de la CE y aumentar la comprensión de la relación entre la implementación de la CE en las empresas y el desarrollo de prácticas de contabilidad e información de gestión medioambiental (EMAR).Los resultados de una encuesta dirigida a una muestra de empresas españolas han sido utilizados para analizar las prácticas de contabilidad e información medioambiental que pueden estar relacionadas con la implementación y medición de la CE, y con el progreso realizado por dichas compañías en el cierre de círculos de materiales y recursos. Los resultados principales muestran que las actividades de CE son generalmente adoptadas sin tener una visión global e integrada de los principios de la CE. Además, existe una correlación moderada entre el nivel de circularidad de las empresas y el desarrollo de las prácticas EMAR. Esta correlación es mayor cuanto mayor número de actividades de EMAR se han desarrollado, especialmente la implementación de sistemas de gestión ambiental o el desarrollo de políticas de transparencia y de información de sostenibilidad. Las empresas están adoptando progresivamente prácticas que están relacionadas con la CE, pero la falta de indicadores específicos no permite que las empresas contabilicen específicamente su efecto en el cierre de círculos.

Companies have highly adopted sustainability reporting practices. Nonetheless, there are still some important research gaps related to the contents that sustainability reports should include and the appropriate frameworks to define them. This research contributes to the study of sustainability reporting practices of companies from a sectorial perspective, and it is focused on applying the materiality principle. It combines a qualitative and a quantitative approach to assess the materiality and the quality of GRI reports among sustainability dimensions and companies within an industry. To this end, an innovative research method based on scores is proposed and applied to a sample of companies in the telecommunications industry. The results indicate that while the GRI sustainability issues declared as material are more likely to be reported, there are still incoherencies in using materiality analysis as a threshold for reporting. Furthermore, there is no evidence that the materiality or quality of the reports differs among companies or sustainability dimensions. The findings suggest that materiality analysis, as companies present it, may lead to incoherencies in treating GRI aspects and indicators.

Awareness about the circular economy as a sustainability paradigm is growing globally, being the agri-food sector one of the most significant industries moving towards circular operations. The natural resource-based view theory can provide a basis to analyze organizational resources and capabilities allowing a clear definition of circular economy strategies and performance. How accounting and reporting can leverage these concepts, is being debated currently at the academic level. In this context, this study examines to what extent Argentinian agri-food organizations use circular reporting to translate circular economy strategy into better performance. Survey data were collected from 238 agri-food Argentinian organizations and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). General results show that a natural resource-based circular economy strategy positively affects performance and circular reporting has a significant indirect effect on environmental and economic performance, through the improvement of natural resource-based circular economy strategies.

Es creciente el interés por la Economía Circular (EC) como paradigma para alcanzar la sostenibilidad. El sector agroalimentario, por sus características y trascendencia, está avanzando hacia un modelo de negocio circular. La teoría basada en recursos naturales puede proveer una base teórica para explicar por qué las organizaciones adoptan la EC en sus estrategias de negocio.
Este estudio examina en qué medida organizaciones pertenecientes al sector agroalimentario utilizan información circular para traducir su estrategia de EC en un mejor desempeño ambiental y económico. Para ello, se aplicó un cuestionario a 238 organizaciones argentinas, procesando los datos con ecuaciones estructurales.
Los resultados muestran que la fijación de una estrategia de EC, en base a la teoría de recursos naturales, afecta positivamente el desempeño económico y ambiental. Además, la información contable circular tiene un efecto indirecto significativo sobre el desempeño, mejorando las estrategias de economía circular con un enfoque basado en recursos naturales.

Achieving sustainable development is today a basic premise for all companies and governments. The 2030 Agenda has outlined an action plan focused on all areas and interest groups. Achieving economic growth and technological progress, social development, peace, justice, environmental protection, inclusion and prosperity represent the main areas to achieve social change. Furthermore, the circular economy is capable of improving the efficiency of products and resources, and can contribute to this social change, but there is a gap in the literature regarding whether the orientation of the companies in their circular economy strategy can lead to the achievement of the sustainable development goals. The objective of this study is to develop an initial circular economy-sustainable development goals (CE-SDGs) framework that considers the circular economy as the precedent and sustainable development goals as a consequence of implementing a circular economy. With respect to the methodology, the literature linking the relationship between the circular economy and sustainable development goals was reviewed first. A Structural Equation Model with the Partial Least Squares technique was also employed, analyzing two complementary models in enterprises involved in the Social Economy in the Autonomous Community of Extremadura (Spain). Regarding the results obtained, a link has been observed between professional profiles and training in people-oriented activities. The same does not occur for activities oriented toward the planet. Moreover, the existence of corporate reports that obtain data on circular activities is crucial to achieving orientation toward the sustainable development goals, for activities oriented toward both people and the planet. Finally, the results confirm that the existence of barriers and incentives determines the observed results, being aware that the lack of specialized training in human resources always has a significant incidence. Using resource and capability and dynamic capabilities theories, this study contributes with an initial framework by joining two lines of research and analyzing the CE-SDGs link in SE enterprises. Future research and empirical validations could contribute more deeply to the literature. As key recommendations, social economy managers must be committed to introducing circular economy practices to achieve people- and planet-oriented objectives, being proactive in fostering CE-SDGs frameworks.

Tools as material flows cost accounting contribute to the introduction of the circular economy in companies, but praxis of these tools adapted to circular environments are scarce and the lack of accounting references makes its application difficult, particularly in SMEs. In addition, the circular economy requires of specific dynamic capabilities for environmental accounting practices to reflect the different alternatives for closing materials, stocks, and resources loops. To address the dimensioning of circular flows and their relative costs, this study offers a simplified application at a small scale of material flows cost accounting methodology based on the results of an agri-food case study in Spain using a dual approach, Ultimately, the accounting implications derived from the introduction of circular models are defined in this study to analyze firms' specific circular accounting capabilities applied by small companies to less complex processes than those usually studied in the previous literature.