Resultados de investigación

This study was supported by the ‘Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial’ (CDTI) and Fondo Europeo Marítimo y de Pesca (FEMP) through the Project IDI-20220244 to ML and by Spanish Ministry of Science grants PID2019-108888RB-I00 and PID2022-139096OB-I00 to FP with funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S). NS was supported by a Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation predoctoral scholarship (BES-2017-079744), Peer reviewed

Effective conservation measures require accurate and complete species inventories, which are however often missing for particularly biodiverse regions of concern. The montane forests of the Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM) in East Africa represent fragmented relics of unique habitats that harbour remarkable levels of plant and animal diversity, including many endemic and threatened species most of which are poorly known. The present study focuses on the Ukaguru Mountains, an important mountain block in the central EAM, and expands on a recent study that summarized data from 30 years of amphibian surveys. Using systematic sampling (2022–2024) in localities that are less heavily impacted by anthropogenic activities than previously surveyed sites, we increase the number of documented amphibian species from 17 to 19, adding Xenopus cf. victorianus and a newly described species (see below). Among the three Ukaguru-endemic toads which have not been recorded since more than two decades, we re-discovered Nectophrynoides laticeps and N. paulae but failed to record the enigmatic Churamiti maridadi, which according to a dedicated extinction model has an updated probability of only 47.6% of still being extant. Based on genetic, morphological and bioacoustic evidence, we also describe a new large-bodied species of Arthroleptis (Arthroleptis mamiwakisaraensis sp. nov.), shedding further light into the evolution of ‘giant’ congeners which inhabit other mountain blocks in the EAM. Given the rapid deforestation of the EAM for which the Ukagurus are no exception, our findings give rise to concerns regarding current and future extinction risks within unique mountain amphibian assemblages, also affecting species which potentially still await description., This work was supported by the Spanish Higher Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) under Grant Icoop- COOPA22048; the Natural History Museum and the British Herpetological Society Student Grant Scheme., Peer reviewed

Data obtained in oceanographic surveys conducted north of the Catalan coast (from 41˚N to 42.3˚N and from 2.5˚E to 4˚E). The dataset contains: The stations sampled in each survey, with location data (longitude and latitude) and data for the year sampled. At each mesoscale sampling station, the following data are provided: • The environmental variables analysed: bottom depth (m); surface (10 m) oceanographic variables from the CTD casts (temperature, in ºC, salinity, density anomaly, in kg m-3, and chlorophyll-a, in µg L-1); mean chlorophyll-a in the upper 50 m of the water column (MChla_50); distance from a sampling station to the coast (Dist_Coast) and surface dynamic height (DH_10). • Abundance of fish larvae collected, standardized per unit area (No. larvae 10 m 2), at each sampling station. At each deep-stratified sampling station, abundance of fish larvae collected, standardized per unit volume (No. larvae 1000 m 3), are provided, This study analyses the influence of the winter environmental conditions on the structure of larval fish assemblages off the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean). Data were obtained during two oceanographic surveys (February 2017 and 2018) with contrasting environmental conditions. Winter 2017 was mild, the coastal zone was occupied by cold, low salinity and productive surface waters, and the water column was slightly stratified. Winter 2018 was more severe, temperatures were lower, with intense vertical mixing and deep-water formation and cascading events down the slope that enhanced shelf-slope water exchanges. Larvae of 52 fish taxa, both shelf and oceanic, were identified, with Sardina pilchardus being numerically dominant. Larvae of shelf fish species were more abundant in 2017 associated with the productive coastal waters. Larvae of oceanic species were more abundant in 2018, with a wide distribution all over the area that would be related to the vertical mixing and the shelf-slope exchange processes that year. Accordingly, the distribution of fish larvae in the water column was wider and deeper in 2018 than in 2017. The assemblages identified by the cluster analysis were determined by bottom depth, sea surface temperature and sea surface chlorophyll-a, with dynamic height being the main factor explaining the differences in assemblages between years. These differences highlighted the role of the shelf-slope water exchange processes in 2018, mainly in the submarine canyons. The results shed light on how changes in larval fish assemblages are indicators of shifts in environmental conditions. Under a climate change scenario, it is likely that the decrease in the fertilisation processes, such as deep-water formation (by convection or cascading) and vertical mixing, would have adverse effects on larval fish populations, Project WINFISH (CTM2015-68543-R).-- With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S), WINFISH 2017. Sampling: Mesoscale. Data provided: Environmental variables Ichthyoplankton. WINFISH 2017. Sampling: Deep-stratified. Data provided: Ichthyoplankton WINFISH 2018. Sampling: Mesoscale. Data provided: Environmental variables Ichthyoplankton WINFISH 2018. Sampling: Deep-stratified. Data provided: Ichthyoplankton, Peer reviewed

[Related to] Belgacem, Malek; Chiggiato, Jacopo; Borghini, Mireno; Pavoni, Bruno; Cerrati, Gabriella; Acri, Francesco; Cozzi, Stefano; Ribotti, Alberto; Álvarez, Marta; Lauvset, Siv K; Schroeder, Katrin (2019): Quality controlled dataset of dissolved inorganic nutrients in the western Mediterranean Sea (2004-2017) from R/V oceanographic cruises [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.904172, [Coverarge] Minimum DEPTH, water: .69 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 3608.64 m, El dataset se puede consultar y descargar en el siguiente enlace https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.982858, A new dataset from oceanographic cruises in the Western Mediterranean Sea (WMED) was compiled to integrate the previously published regional data product about dissolved inorganic nutrients (CNR-DIN-WMED, Belgacem et al., 2019, 2020). The Mediterranean region is experiencing rapid changes, necessitating high-quality and reliable datasets. However, the scarcity of in-situ observations hinders the understanding of these changes and their impact on biogeochemical cycles. Dissolved oxygen (O2) is a vital component of marine ecosystems and plays a fundamental role in governing nutrient and carbon cycles, underscoring the need for accurate and reliable data. To address this, a high resolution, regional-scale data product was developed to understand decadal variability and spatial/temporal patterns of the ventilation process in the WMED. CTD-Oxygen in the Western Mediterranean Sea (CTD-O2WMED) CNR dataset presents an extensive collection of unpublished oxygen measurements collected between 2004 and 2023, along with a description of the quality assurance procedures. The quality assurance process involves rigorous primary quality control, including sensor post-calibration validation against discrete Winkler titrations, initial screening, and standardization. CTD-O2WMED-original version represents dataset that has passed first-level quality checks, but has not yet been corrected through crossover analysis (i.e., secondary quality control) (Belgacem et al., in review, 2024). The adjusted version of the dataset CTD-O2WMED-adjusted builds upon the original dataset by incorporating the secondary quality control corrections, including inter-cruise crossover analysis using deep reference datasets. The adjusted CTD-O2WMED datasets provide a valuable foundation for investigating long-term changes in dissolved oxygen in the WMED, supporting efforts to track deoxygenation trends, assess ventilation dynamics, and calibrate biogeochemical Argo floats (BGC-Argo), as well as validate regional biogeochemical models., Peer reviewed

Under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license., Experimental set-up: The gas-feeding system consists of a central supply of Air, N2, He and H₂ and gas cylinders carrying C.O. and CO₂. Bronkhorst mass flow controllers and pressure controllers control feed flow rates and pressure, respectively, at the inlet and outlet of the reactor. The mass flow controllers are linked to a computer-controlled central device that controls the set points of the mass flow controller. When the flow rate through a mass flow controller was zero, the valve as the outlet had to be shut off since the flow controllers cannot function as on/off valves. Before the gas exiting the reactor was analysed, it was cooled to condense any H₂O, ensuring the outlet gas composition was measured dry. The reactor arrangement, the Carbolite ® furnace and the liquid-feeding system are located in Fume Cupboard 2 (FC-2). A picture of the reactor system is presented in Figure 1.-- Model development: Grid points are compared, 32 vs. 104. The model shows little difference between the temperature profile, allowing the use of 32 grid points and quicker computational time.-- TGA conversion curve. Figure 5 and Figure 6 shows the solid conversion curves, during reduction in H2 and CO between 700-900 °C at 50°C intervals.-- Air oxidation model vs experimental: Breakthrough comparison between experiment (orange solid line) and the 1-D model (dotted line), flow rate is a total of 10 NLPM, 6.5 NLPM N2, 2.5 NLPM O2, and 1 He at a bed temperature of 600°C bed temperature and 1 bar pressure.-- Glycerol reforming dry outlet gas composition: Glycerol reforming 9:1 steam to glycerol composition profiles for the experiment (solid lines) and the 1-D model (dotted lines). Glycerol reforming 12:1 steam to glycerol composition profiles for the experiment (bars) and the 1-D model (dots). Combined Glycerol reforming 9:1 and 12:1 steam to glycerol composition profiles for the experiment (bars) and the 1-D model (dots).-- Temperature profile during glycerol reforming: The temperature profile can be reasonably stable if the furnace maintains the set-point temperature. However, an axial temperature gradient exists in the reactor, with the inlet of the bed being cooler than the outlet. This is due to the furnace being situated downstream of the inlet. As a result, the set-point temperature for the reforming stage refers to the temperature reading of TC6, which is in the middle of the bed. It is noted from the temperature profile that TC1-3 experiences the most significant fluctuation in temperature, indicating that most of the reforming takes place nearer the bed inlet. This is important to recognise because the lower portion of the bed is cooler. Therefore, the temperature at which reforming occurs is much lower than the set-point temperature. Even after glycerol reforming at the bottom of the bed, as the gas must pass over the hotbed afterwards, W.G.S. reactions will still occur. To an extent, this explains the minor inconsistencies between the experimental and modelling outlet gas composition values., The authors would like to acknowledge EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 884197 (GLAMOUR project)., Peer reviewed

The repository contains the comprehensive data outputs and R code for the study "Six decades of losses and gains in alpha diversity of European plant communities". This is a copy of the main GitHub repository (https://github.com/gmidolo/interpolated_S_change). Here, we provide large-size files (e.g., model output and predictions) necessary for full reproducibility., We interpolated spatiotemporal changes in vascular plant species richness using a new method based on machine learning that does not require temporal replication at sites. Using 698,692 one-time survey vegetation plots from the European Vegetation Archive, we estimated trends in vascular plant alpha diversity across Europe and validated our approach against 22,852 independent time series from ReSurveyEurope., Peer reviewed

We include here: - SQL file of the database - biotime_v2_sql_15April25.sql - RDS file of the query combining raw data with species names - biotime_v2_query_15April25.rds - csv file for metadata information - biotime_v2_metadata_15April25.csv - csv file of citations - references_biotime_v2_15April25.csv - text file of BIB text citations - BIB_biotime_v2_15April25.csv.txt, Here we make available a second version of the BioTIME database, which compiles records of abundance estimates for species in sample events of ecological assemblages through time. The updated version expands version 1.0 of the database by doubling the number of studies in the database, and includes substantial additional curation to the taxonomic accuracy of the records, as well as the metadata. Moreover, we now provide an R package (BioTIMEr) to facilitate use of the database, Funding to A. Bode was provided by projects RADIALES (IEO-CSIC) and QLOCKS (PID2020-115620RB-100 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Spain). [...] I. de Castro-Arrazola was funded by a FPI grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (BES-2012-054353). Surveys and data processing were supported by the Spanish Agency of Innovation (AEI) project SCARPO (grant no.: CGL2011-29317). [...] J. Penuelas was supported by Spanish government grant PID2022-140808NB-I00, This work contributes to the Institut de Ciències del Mar "Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence" accreditation CEX2024-001494-S funded by AEI 10.13039/501100011033 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Peer reviewed

The dataset contains 2,893 CSV files of the ProCoast profiling float within a compressed folder, including 1,472 CTD files and 1,421 optode files for dissolved oxygen measurements. Additionally, a file with the coefficients for processing the oxygen data (59e9_285_00_metadata.xml) is included. The file names follow the format: 59e9_CCC_PP_sbe4.csv or 59e9_CCC_PP_do.csv, where CCC refers to the cycle number and PP to the profile number within each cycle, The dataset includes CSV files of the ProCoast profiling float from the SBE41 CTD sensor (conductivity, temperature, and pressure) and the Aanderaa 4330 optode for dissolved oxygen measurements. Each file corresponds to a profile measured from the surface down to a maximum depth of 17 m at the floating dock of Marina Davila, within the Port of Vigo. In addition, a file containing the calibration and conversion coefficients for both sensors (59e9_285_00_metadata.xml) is included. This dataset is part of the ProCoast project of the Galicia Marine Science Programme (PCMG), [EN] The ProCoast project aims to adapt and optimize Argo-type vertical profilers for intensive use in coastal zones. Understanding oceanographic processes in these shallow areas requires the development of new observational technologies that improve the spatial and temporal resolution of measurements. The ProCoast profiler has been adapted to operate guided by a cable, allowing free vertical movement based on internal buoyancy changes. Thanks to the hydraulic adaptations implemented, the profiler is capable of performing hourly profiles and measuring pressure, temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen with a vertical resolution of 10 cm. Data transmission is carried out via an Iridium satellite antenna when the profiler surfaces. This communication system also enables the remote upload of new configurations from shore, allowing the sampling strategy to be modified and adapted to the scientific and technical requirements at any given time, based on existing oceanographic conditions. Data are retrieved through an SFTP server and processed at the Organic Geochemistry Lab of the IIM-CSIC. The system builds upon previous developments, such as the IAOOS project, developed in France by Sorbonne University, [ES] El proyecto ProCoast tiene como objetivo la adaptación y optimización de perfiladores verticales de tipo Argo para su uso intensivo en zonas costeras. El conocimiento de los procesos oceanográficos en estas zonas someras requiere el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías de observación que mejoren la resolución espacial y temporal de las mediciones. El perfilador ProCoast ha sido adaptado para funcionar guiado por un cable, lo que permite su libre movimiento vertical mediante cambios de flotabilidad interna. Gracias a las adaptaciones hidráulicas realizadas, el perfilador tiene la capacidad de efectuar perfiles cada hora y de medir presión, temperatura, salinidad y oxígeno disuelto con una resolución vertical de 10 cm. La transmisión de datos se lleva a cabo a través de su antena vía satélite Iridium cuando el perfilador emerge a la superficie. Este sistema de comunicación permite, asimismo, el envío de nuevas configuraciones desde tierra al perfilador, con el fin de modificar la estrategia de muestreo y adaptarla a los requisitos científico-técnicos de cada momento en función de las condiciones oceanográficas existentes. Los datos se recuperan mediante un servidor SFTP y se procesan en el Laboratorio de Geoquímica Orgánica del IIM-CSIC. Los precedentes de este sistema se encuentran en el proyecto IAOOS, desarrollado en Francia por la Universidad de la Sorbona, Proxecto ProCoast: Nova tecnoloxía multisensor de perfiladores (PROfiling floats) para o estudo dos ecosistemas COSTeitos de afloramento (ProCoast, ACAM 2022020014 - CA25789), do 01/10/2022 ao 31/12/2025. Este proxecto forma parte do Paquete de Traballo 3 (Novas Tecnoloxías e Ferramentas para a Observación e Monitorización do Medio Mariño, Acción 3.1. Tecnoloxías para a Adquisición de Datos Biogeoquímicos) do Programa de Ciencias Mariñas de Galicia (PCCMG). O PCCMG, que forma parte do Plan Complementario de I+D+i en Ciencias Mariñas(ThinkinAzul) do Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, incluidos no Plan de Recuperación Transformación e Resiliencia (PRTR-C17.I1). Financiado a través da Xunta de Galicia con fondos NextGenerationEU e do Fondo Europeo Marítimo, da Pesca e da Acuicultura da Unión Europea. Proyecto ProCoast: Nueva tecnología multisensor de perfiladores (PROfiling floats) para el estudio de los ecosistemas COSTeros de afloramiento (ProCoast, ACAM 2022020014 - CA25789), del 01/10/2022 al 31/12/2025. Este proyecto forma parte del Paquete de Trabajo 3 (Nuevas Tecnologías y Herramientas para la Observación y Monitorización del Medio Marino, Acción 3.1. Tecnologías para la Adquisición de Datos Biogeoquímicos) del Programa de Ciencias Marinas de Galicia (PCMG).El PCMG forma parte del Plan Complementario de I+D+i en Ciencias Marinas (ThinkinAzul) del Ministerio de Ciencia,Innovación y Universidades, incluidos en el Plan de Recuperación Transformación y Resiliencia (PRTR-C17.I1). Financiado a través de la Xunta de Galicia con fondos NextGenerationEU y del Fondo Europeo Marítimo, de la Pesca y de la Acuicultura de la Unión Europea. ProCoast project: New multisensor PROfiling float technology to study COASTal upwelling ecosystems (ProCoast, ACAM 2022020014 - CA25789), running from 01/10/2022 to 31/12/2025, is part of Work Package 3 (New Technologies and Tools for Marine Environment Observation and Monitoring, Action 3.1:Technologies for Biogeochemical Data Acquisition) of the Galicia Marine Science programme (PCMG). PCMG is part of the Complementary Plan for R&D and Innovation in Marine Science (Thinkin Azul) of the Ministerio de Ciencia,Innovación y Universidades included in the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan (PRTR-C17.I1). Funded through Xunta de Galicia with NextGenerationEU and the European Maritime Fisheries and Aquaculture Funds., Peer reviewed

This package contains macroecological data on the trophic niche of terrestrial bears (Ursidae), as well as paleoecological data on the trophic niche of the European brown bear (Ursus arctos) based on stable isotope analyses. It also contains computer code (in R language) that is needed to reproduce the analyses presented in the study (Albrecht et al. 2024a)., This package contains macroecological data on the trophic niche of terrestrial bears (Ursidae), as well as paleoecological data on the trophic niche of the European brown bear (Ursus arctos) based on stable isotope analyses. Along with the raw data we provide R code to reproduce the analysis from the paper. For details about how to run the R code please have a look at the README.txt file in the package. For details about the methods (e.g., sample collection or background of particular analyses) we refer to the original publication., German Academic Exchange Service | DAAD (No. 91568794) EEA and Norway Grants (No. POL-NOR/198352/85/2013) Leibniz Association (No. P52/2017), Peer reviewed

Autoencoder reconstruction results using an exponential distribution. PFS prediction and ROC metrics for the PCA model., Peer reviewed