Resultados de investigación

Analysis of the GISAXS data: The GISAXS pattern was further analyzed with the aim to estimate the thickness of the regions composing the lamellar structure. We recall that the SAXS intensity can be well described by the general equation: 𝐼(𝑞)=Δρ2𝑃(𝑞)𝑆(𝑞) (S1) where Δρ2 is the contrast term defined by the electron density difference within the system, 𝑃(𝑞) is the so-called form factor, describing the scattered intensity from the objects of a certain shape and size, and 𝑆(𝑞) is the structure factor, describing the spatial correlation between adjacent scattering objects. The many reflections observed in the GISAXS pattern (Figure 4c) are due to the presence of a multilayer structure, generated by the alternating repetition of the peptide and alkyl layers assembled in a stacked fashion (Figure 4d). The absence of the 5th diffraction reflection is directly related to the thickness of the layers. Since the system is molecularly well-defined, destructive interference between the minimum of the lamellar form factor and the 5th reflection maxima occurs. To confirm this, in Figure S6 we present the simulated intensity for the form factor (𝑃(𝑞)) of a layer with thickness h = 0.83 nm and the structure factor (𝑆(𝑞)) for a multilayered structure with periodicity d = 4.19 nm. For completeness, the simulated background and the total fitted curve are also included in the figure. In these simulations, the scattering from a homogeneous layer with thickness, h, and a lateral size larger than 1000 nm was used, while the structure factor using paracrystalline disorder was used.1 The simulations and fitting were performed using MATLAB. It can be clearly seen that the minimum of the form factor cancels the maximum of the structure factor. Assuming that the system is two phase, the thickness of the second phase must be 4.19 nm - 0.83 nm = 3.36 nm. We note that the mismatch in the relative peak height is most probably due to the texture of the sample, as the fitted data have been extracted from the vertical cut along the qz direction of the GISAXS patterns. Pendant Drop Interfacial Tensiometry: A drop shape analyser (Krüss, FTA DSA1000B) was used for pendant drop tensiometry to measure the interfacial tension at the interface between the oil and different aqueous solutions. In these experiments, the aqueous phase was either DI-water, pH 7.0 buffer, 0.5 mg/mL 2T solutions in DI-water, or 0.5 mg/mL 2T in pH 7.0 buffer solution. A drop of the aqueous phase with a volume of approximately 7 μL was injected and hung from a 0.5 mm diameter needle in the less dense oil phase. Images of the drop shape were recorded using the video camera system on the apparatus and analyzed (using FTA32 software) to obtain the interfacial tension value over time. The experiments were conducted in a temperature-controlled room with a temperature of 22 +/-1 °C. The forces that determine the shape of the pendant drop are mainly the balance of surface tension, buoyancy force and gravitation. The surface tension seeks to minimize the surface area and make the drop take a spherical shape. The difference of gravitation and buoyancy force, on the other hand, stretches the drop from this spherical shape and a typical pear-like shape results. The interfacial tension for a drop with a diameter of 𝐷𝑒𝑞 at its equator was calculated as: 𝛾=𝛥𝜌·𝑔𝐷𝑒𝑞2𝐻 (S2) where 𝛥𝜌 is the density difference between water and oil, 𝑔 is the acceleration due to gravity (taken as 9.8 m/s2), and 𝐻 is a shape factor that is decided by the shape of the drop. Here, the water density was taken to be ρw = 0.998 g/cm3 (obtained from the FTA32 software), and the density of sunflower oil3 was taken as ρo = 0.918 g/cm3. Six replicate measurements were performed on the sunflower oil/DI water interface. The standard deviation was 0.4 mN/m. In pH 7.0 buffer solutions, there is a self-assembly of 2T platelets. The platelets are large enough to be subject to gravitational effects, which made the interfacial tension measurements unreliable.-- Licensed under CC-BY 4.0., Size, SAXS, and microscope images of 2T in pH 7.0 buffer, water, and pH 4.0 buffer; description of coarse-grained simulations; molecular model; photograph of the 2T films from the oil/water interface; Raman spectrum of pure sunflower oil; interfacial tension measurements; aging of the emulsion; destabilization of a β-carotene emulsion; SEM image of the spin-coated emulsion; and EDS measurements of the elements in a dried 2T-stabilized oil drop (PDF) Coarse-grained simulation of the peptide in water, demonstrating the formation process of the 2D peptide assembly (MP4) All-atom simulation of 2T attaching to the oil/water interface (MP4), Z.H. acknowledges the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC 201906950049) and the Vice-Chancellor’s Scholarship Fund for providing a PhD studentship. E.C. acknowledges the Faculty of Science and Engineering at the University of Groningen for PhD funding. [...] This research was supported by the Aragón Regional Government (project E25_20R) [...]., Peer reviewed

R+Nimble code for the fitting of the SCR model from the paper: Estimating wolf (Canis lupus) densities using video camera traps and spatial capture-recapture analysis., Peer reviewed

Under a Creative Commons license CC-BY 4.0, Figure S 1. SEM images of (a) CoFe/NC10% , (b) CoFe/NC20% , and (c) CoFe/NC40%. Figure S 2.TEM images of (a) CoFe/NC10% , (b) CoFe/NC20% , and (c) CoFe/NC40%. Figure S 3. Particle size distribution of the various electrocatalyst: (a) CoFe2O4, (b) CoFe/NC10% , (c) CoFe/NC20% ,(d) CoFe/NC30% , and (e) CoFe/NC40% . Table S 1. Amount of CoFe alloys and oxides in the composite samples, determined from the XRD analysis. Figure S 4. XPS high resolution spectra of (a) Fe 2p, (b) Co 2p, for all electrocatalysts. Table S 2. XPS analysis results of the electrocatalysts. Table S 3. Elemental composition of the prepared electrocatalysts. Table S 4. Specific capacitance and ECSA values for the various eletrocataysts. Table S 5. Charge transfer resistance (Rct) and solution resistance (Rs) determined from EIS measurement. Figure S 5. ECSA-normalized polarization curve., Financial support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions-Innovative Training Networks (MSCA-ITN) Grant Agreement 813748 are gratefully acknowledged. The authors wish to acknowledge the grants PID2020-115848RB-C21 and PID2020-115848RB-C22 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033., Peer reviewed

Appendix A. Supplementary data: Appendix S1. Different pictures illustrating how several Iberian lynxes use the same carcass. The sequence of recorded events is ordered by time, which can be observed in the picture bottom. Appendix S2. Different pictures showing the caching behavior by Iberian lynxes on carrion remains. Appendix S3. Different pictures showing the recorded roll-over behavior by Iberian lynxes on carrion remains in an advanced state of decay., Peer reviewed

There are two datasets. The main information about the line, age, reproductive performance and oxidative stress markers is included in the first dataset. The information included in the second dataset was used only to build the correlation matrix (supplementary table S7), in other words, this dataset does not include new information non-included in the first dataset. The explanation of the variables is included as a comment on the variable name. The R code for running the models is also available., Interlocus sexual conflict (IRSC) occurs because of shared interactions that have opposite effects on male and female fitness. Typically, it is assumed that loci involved in IRSC have sex-limited expression and are thus not directly affected by selective pressures acting on the other sex. However, if loci involved in IRSC have pleiotropic effects in the other sex, intersexual selection can shape the evolutionary dynamics of conflict escalation and resolution, as well as the evolution of reproductive traits linked to IRSC loci, and vice versa. Here we used an artificial selection approach in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) to test if female-limited selection on reproductive investment affects the amount of harm caused by males during mating. We found that males originating from lines selected for high female reproductive investment caused more oxidative damage in the female reproductive tract than males originating from lines selected for low female reproductive investment. This male-induced damage was specific to the oviduct and not found in other female tissues, suggesting that it was ejaculate-mediated. Our results suggest that intersexual selection shapes the evolution of IRSC and that male-induced harm may contribute to the maintenance of variation in female reproductive investment., [Methods] Dataset collected from captive Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) artificially selected for high (H-line) and low (L-line) maternal egg investment. After four generations of selective breeding, H- and L-line females differed in egg size by > 1 SD, but they did not differ in the number of eggs laid. Both L-line and H-line females were randomly paired with either a L-line or H-line male (2x2 design; female / male pairs: N = 11 L / L, N = 10 L / H, N = 10 H / H, N = 10 H / L) and kept in breeding cages for two weeks. From each female, a blood sample was obtained before breeding, and tissue samples from the oviduct, the liver and the spleen were obtained after breeding. Oxidative stress markers were analysed in the samples., Swiss National Science Foundation, Award: PP00P3_128386 Swiss National Science Foundation, Award: PP00P3_157455 HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council, Award: Marie Skłodowska‐Curie grant agreement 842085 Ministerio de Universidades, Award: María Zambrano (University of Castilla-La Mancha) Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Award: PGC2018-099596-B-I00, Peer reviewed

Dos inscripciones es un escudo incrustado en el muro del callejón del arco de la Iglesia de la trinidad. Una inscripción es un lema; en latín; el otro es el nombre del linaje: "Briones"., CSIC. Proyecto intramural: “Epigrafía latina inédita de los siglos XV al XVIII en monumentos civiles y eclesiásticos de la provincia de Cuenca (2006-2007). Referencia: 2006 | 0| 011., Peer reviewed

Statistical data described in the article and the solfware SPSS. Repetition of all the experiments (two times eachs), check of the controls, assurance of good and reproducible conditions., Experiment performed in the lab, following details described in the publication: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2023.106392. http://hdl.handle.net/10261/334329, Ministry of Science and Innovation, grant PID2019-104112RB I00 (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103). IVD was financed by a FPI-UR 2020 from University of La Rioja MMGT was financed by a FPI-CAR-2022 from University of La Rioja MP was financed by a FPI-UR-2022 from University of La Rioja EC was financed by the Erasmus+ - KA1 Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degrees Program of the European Commission under the PLANT HEALTH Project RC was financed by EU funds (LMT-K-712-21-0098), Peer reviewed

The collection point of seawater was in the Matxitxako cape, at the Urdaibai biosphere reserve, in the Cantabrian sea (Basque Country, Spain).-- Under a Creative Commons license CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0., Table S1 The properties and composition of deionized water and seawater. Table S2 Relative influence of operating conditions and interactions on the experimental results according to the ANOVA and cause-effect Pareto analyses. Table S3 Detailed GC-MS peak area for biocrude (area%). Table S4 Summary of C. vulgaris HTT for biocrude and hydrochar production., This work is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21536007), the 111 project (B17030), and the I + D + i project PID2020-115053RB-I00, funded by Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Yingdong Zhou acknowledges the support from China Scholarship Council (CSC No. 202006240156). Javier Remón and Jesús Gracia are grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for their JdC (IJC2018-037110-I) and FPI (PRE2018-085182) fellowships., Peer reviewed

Table S1 List of mini-barcodes designed based on 2000 Nematoda and Platyhelminthes DNA sequences. Table S2 List of mini-barcodes designed based on the full dataset of 5000 DNA sequences: 1000 sequences per phylum (Phragmoplastophyta, Apicomplexa, Arthropoda, Nematoda and Platyhelminthes). Table S3 Taxonomic coverage and resolution at different taxonomic levels (in percentage) of each primer pair across the 10 target phyla and their respective kingdoms. Figure S1 Diagram of the sample processing, from fecal samples to sequencing in an Illumina MiSeq NGS platform. Figure S2 Amplicon lengths in each barcode., Peer reviewed

Under a Creative Commons license BY-NC 4.0, Table S1. TPG Composition. All data in volume percentage. Table S2. CTT Sulphur mass balance. All data in weight percentage. Table S3. PCT Sulphur mass balance. All data in weight percentage., This work is part of the BLACKCYCLE project (For the circular economy of tyre domain: recycling end of life tyres into secondary raw materials or tyres and other product applications) which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 869625. The authors would also like to thank the Regional Government of Aragon (DGA) for the support provided under the research groups support programme and CSIC for the interdisciplinary thematic platform SUSPLAST., Peer reviewed